References
- Agarwal, A. K., J. G. Gupta, and A. Dhar. 2017. Potential and challenges for large-scale application of biodiesel in automotive sector. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 61:113–49. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PECS.2017.03.002.
- Alonso, D. M., R. Mariscal, M. L. Granados, and P. Maireles-Torres. 2009. Biodiesel preparation using Li/CaO catalysts: activation process and homogeneous contribution. Catalysis Today 143:167–71. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CATTOD.2008.09.021.
- Bedir, Ö., and T. Hatice Doğan. 2021. Comparison of catalytic activities of Ca-based catalysts from waste in biodiesel production. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 1–18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2021.1883159.
- Castilho, S., A. Kiennemann, M. F. Costa Pereira, and A. P. Soares Dias. 2013. Sorbents for CO2 capture from biogenesis calcium wastes. Chemical Engineering Journal 226:146–53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.04.017.
- Catarino, M., E. Ferreira, A. P. Soares Dias, and J. Gomes. 2020. Dry washing biodiesel purification using fumed silica sorbent. Chemical Engineering Journal 386:123930. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.123930.
- Catarino, M., S. Martins, A. P. Dias, M. Pereira, and J. Gomes. 2019. Calcium diglyceroxide as a catalyst for biodiesel production. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 7 (3):103099. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2019.103099.
- Catarino, M., M. Ramos, A. P. S. Dias, M. T. Santos, J. F. Puna, and J. F. Gomes. 2017. Calcium rich food wastes based catalysts for biodiesel production. Waste and Biomass Valorization 8:1699–707. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-017-9988-8.
- Dias, A. P. S., J. Bernardo, P. Felizardo, and M. J. N. Correia. 2012. Biodiesel production by soybean oil methanolysis over SrO/MgO catalysts: the relevance of the catalyst granulometry. Fuel Processing Technology. 102:146–55. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2012.04.039
- Dias, A. P. S., J. F. Puna, M. J. Neiva Correia, J. Gomes, and J. Bordado. 2017. Strontium-doped lime catalysts for biodiesel production. Activity and stability during soybean oil methanolysis. Topics in Catalysis 13:35–42. http://www.researchtrends.net/tia/abstract.asp?in=0&vn=13&tid=23&aid=6128&pub=2017&type=3.
- Dias, A. P. S., and M. Ramos. 2021. On the storage stability of CaO biodiesel catalyst. Hydration and carbonation poisoning. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 9:104917. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2020.104917.
- Felizardo, P., P. Baptista, M. S. Uva, J. C. Menezes, and M. J. Neiva Correia. 2007. Monitoring biodiesel fuel quality by near infrared spectroscopy. Journal of near Infrared Spectroscopy 15:97–105. doi:https://doi.org/10.1255/jnirs.714.
- Glasson, D. R. 2007. Reactivity of lime and related oxides. XVI. Sintering of lime. Journal of Applied Chemistry 17:91–96. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5010170401.
- Granados, M. L., M. D. Z. Poves, D. M. Alonso, R. Mariscal, F. C. Galisteo, R. Moreno-Tost, J. Santamaría, and J. L. G. Fierro. 2007. Biodiesel from sunflower oil by using activated calcium oxide. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 73:317–26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.APCATB.2006.12.017.
- Hattori, H. 1985. Catalysis by Alkaline Earth Metal Oxides. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis 21:319–30. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2991(08)64934-4.
- Hill, J., L. Tajibaeva, and S. Polasky. 2016. Climate consequences of low-carbon fuels: the United States renewable fuel standard. Energy Policy 97:351–53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENPOL.2016.07.035.
- Khatibi, M., F. Khorasheh, and A. Larimi. 2021. Biodiesel production via transesterification of canola oil in the presence of Na–K doped CaO derived from calcined eggshell. Renewable Energy 163:1626–36. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.RENENE.2020.10.039.
- Kouzu, M., T. Kasuno, M. Tajika, Y. Sugimoto, S. Yamanaka, and J. Hidaka. 2008. Calcium oxide as a solid base catalyst for transesterification of soybean oil and its application to biodiesel production. Fuel 87:2798–806. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FUEL.2007.10.019.
- Kowalczuk, P. B., and J. Drzymala. 2016. Physical meaning of the Sauter mean diameter of spherical particulate matter. Particulate Science and Technology 34:645–47. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2015.1099582
- Li, Z., S. Niu, K. Han, Y. Li, Y. Wang, C. Lu, and S. Cheng. 2021. Investigation into influences of methanol pre-adsorption on CaO(100) surface in transesterification for biodiesel production with molecular simulation. Applied Catalysis A: General 609:117908. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.APCATA.2020.117908.
- Liu, X., S. Xing, L. Yang, J. Fu, P. Lv, X. Zhang, M. Li, and Z. Wang. 2021. Highly active and durable Ca-based solid base catalyst for biodiesel production. Fuel 302:121094. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FUEL.2021.121094.
- Lukić, I., M. Zdujić, L. Mojović, D. Skala, and D. Skala. 2016. CALCIUM OXIDE BASED CATALYSTS FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION: A REVIEW. Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 22:391–408. doi:https://doi.org/10.2298/CICEQ160203010K.
- MacLeod, C. S., A. P. Harvey, A. F. Lee, and K. Wilson. 2008. Evaluation of the activity and stability of alkali-doped metal oxide catalysts for application to an intensified method of biodiesel production. Chemical Engineering Journal 135:63–70. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEJ.2007.04.014.
- Pandit, P. R., and M. H. Fulekar. 2017. Egg shell waste as heterogeneous nanocatalyst for biodiesel production: optimized by response surface methodology. Journal of Environmental Management 198:319–29. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2017.04.100.
- Petitjean, H., C. Chizallet, J. M. Krafft, M. Che, H. Lauron-Pernot, and G. Costentin. 2010. Basic reactivity of CaO: investigating active sites under operating conditions. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 12:14740–48. doi:https://doi.org/10.1039/C0CP00855A.
- Puna, J. F., M. J. N. Correia, A. P. S. Dias, J. Gomes, J. Bordado, J. Filipe, P. Maria, and J. Neiva. 2013. Biodiesel production from waste frying oils over lime catalysts. Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis 109:405–15. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-013-0557-2.
- Puna, J. F., J. F. Gomes, J. C. Bordado, M. J. N. Correia, and A. P. S. Dias. 2014. Biodiesel production over lithium modified lime catalysts: Activity and deactivation. Applied Catalysis A: General 470:451–57. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2013.11.022.
- Soares Dias, A. P., J. Bernardo, P. Felizardo, and M. J. Neiva Correia. 2012. Biodiesel production over thermal activated cerium modified Mg-Al hydrotalcites. Energy 41:344–53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.03.005.
- Soares Dias, A. P., M. Catarino, and J. Gomes. 2021. Co-processing lard/soybean oil over Ca-based catalysts to greener biodiesel. Environmental Technology & Innovation 21:101220. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2020.101220.
- Soares Dias, A. P., J. Puna, J. Gomes, M. J. Neiva Correia, and J. Bordado. 2016. Biodiesel production over lime. Catalytic contributions of bulk phases and surface Ca species formed during reaction. Renewable Energy 99:622–30. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2016.07.033.
- Sudsakorn, K., S. Saiwuttikul, S. Palitsakun, A. Seubsai, and J. Limtrakul. 2017. Biodiesel production from Jatropha Curcas oil using strontium-doped CaO/MgO catalyst. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 5:2845–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JECE.2017.05.033.
- Tamilselvan, P., N. Nallusamy, and S. Rajkumar. 2017. A comprehensive review on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuelled diesel engines. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 79:1134–59. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.RSER.2017.05.176.
- Thoai, D. N., C. Tongurai, K. Prasertsit, and A. Kumar. 2017. A novel two-step transesterification process catalyzed by homogeneous base catalyst in the first step and heterogeneous acid catalyst in the second step. Fuel Processing Technology 168:97–104. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FUPROC.2017.08.014.
- Ullah, F., L. Dong, A. Bano, Q. Peng, and J. Huang. 2016. Current advances in catalysis toward sustainable biodiesel production. Journal of the Energy Institute 89:282–92. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JOEI.2015.01.018.
- Zul, N. A., S. Ganesan, T. S. Hamidon, W. Da Oh, and M. H. Hussin. 2021. A review on the utilization of calcium oxide as a base catalyst in biodiesel production. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 9:105741. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JECE.2021.105741.