References
- Agathe, H., C. Alexandre, M. Michel, T. Solène, C. Simon, and A. Guezennec. 2019. Recycling-oriented methodology to sample and characterize the metal composition of waste printed circuit boards. Waste Management 91:62–71. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.04.041.
- Akcil, A., C. Erust, C. Gahan, M. Ozgun, M. Sahin, and A. Tuncuk. 2015. Precious metal recovery from waste printed circuit boards using cyanide and non-cyanide lixiviants - A review. Waste Management 45:258–71. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.01.017.
- Alessandro, B., A. Alessia, F. Viviana, K. Dafina, and B. Francesca. 2020. An innovative biotechnology for metal recovery from printed circuit boards. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 153:104549. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104549.
- Altansukh, B., K. Haga, H. Huang, and A. Shibayama. 2019. Gold recovery from waste printed circuit boards by advanced hydrometallurgical processing. Materials Transactions 60 (2):287–96. doi:https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.M2018328.
- Alzate, A., E. López, C. Serna, and O. Gonzalez. 2017. Gold recovery from printed circuit boards by selective breaking of internal metallic bonds using activated persulfate solutions. Journal of Cleaner Production 166:1102–12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.124.
- Anh, T., V. Van, and P. Xuan. 2021. Integrating renewable sources into energy system for smart city as asagacious strategy towards clean and sustainable process. Journal of Cleaner Production 305:127161.
- Arda, I., E. Hullebusch, M. Lenz, G. Laing, A. Marra, A. Cesaro, S. Panda, A. Akcil, M. Kucuker, and K. Kuchta. 2019. Biotechnological strategies for the recovery of valuable and critical raw materials from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) - A review. Journal of Hazardous Materials 362:467–81. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.08.050.
- Arda, I., V. Jack, R. Eldon, V. Eric, and L. Piet. 2016. Two-step bioleaching of copper and gold from discarded printed circuit boards (PCB). Waste Management 57:149–57. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.11.033.
- Arda, I., E. R. Rene, E. D. van Hullebusch, and P. N. L. Lens. 2018. Electronic waste as a secondary source of critical metals: management and recovery technologies. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 135:296–312. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.07.031.
- Argumedo, R., M. Gómez, and B. Soto. 2019. Gold bioleaching from printed circuit boards of mobile phones by aspergillus Niger in a culture without agitation and with glucose as a carbon source. Metals 9 (5):521. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/met9050521.
- Arshadi, M., S. Mousavi, and P. Rasoulnia. 2016. Enhancement of simultaneous gold and copper recovery from discarded mobile phone PCBs using Bacillus megaterium: RSM based optimization of effective factors and evaluation of their interactions. Waste Management 57:158–67. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.05.012.
- Arshadi, M., S. Yaghmaei, and A. Esmaeili. 2020. Evaluating the optimal digestion method and value distribution of precious metals from different waste printed circuit boards. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 22 (5):1690–98. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-020-01043-0.
- Barnwal, A., and N. Dhawan. 2020. Recycling of discarded mobile printed circuit boards for extraction of gold and copper. Sustainable Materials and Technologies 25:e00164. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susmat.2020.e00164.
- Batnasan, A., K. Haga, H. Huang, and A. Shibayama. 2019. High-pressure oxidative leaching and iodide leaching followed by selective precipitation for recovery of base and precious metals from waste printed circuit boards ash. Metals 9 (3):363. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/met9030363.
- Becci, A., D. Karaj, G. Merli, and F. Beolchini. 2020. Biotechnology for metal recovery from end-of-life printed circuit boards with Aspergillus Niger. Sustainability 12 (16):6482. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su12166482.
- Bilesan, M., I. Makarova, B. Wickman, and E. Repo. 2020. Efficient separation of precious metals from computer waste printed circuit boards by hydrocyclone and dilution-gravity methods. Journal of Cleaner Production 286:125505. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125505.
- Birloaga, I., I. Michelis, F. Ferella, M. Buzatu, and F. Vegliò. 2013. Study on the influence of various factors in the hydrometallurgical processing of waste printed circuit boards for copper and gold recovery. Waste Management 33 (4):935–41. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2013.01.003.
- Birloaga, I., and F. Veglió. 2018. Simulation and economic analysis of a hydrometallurgical approach developed for the treatment of waste printed circuit boards (WPCB). Global NEST Journal 20 (4):695–99.
- Chen, B., S. Bao, and Y. Zhang. 2021. Synergetic strengthening mechanism of ultrasound combined with calcium fluoride towards vanadium extraction from low-grade vanadium-bearing shale. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 31 (6):1095–106. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmst.2021.07.008.
- Enrique, M., A. Rosalba, A. Alejandro, M. Remedios, G. Oscar, C. Samuel, F. Ronald, and J. Maribel. 2015. Bioleaching of gold, copper and nickel from waste cellular phone pcbs and computer goldfinger motherboards by two Aspergillus Niger strains. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 46 (3):707–13. doi:https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-838246320140256.
- Fogarasi, S., I. Florica, I. Árpád, and P. Ilea. 2014. Copper recovery and gold enrichment from waste printed circuit boards by mediated electrochemical oxidation. Journal of Hazardous Materials 273:215–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.03.043.
- Gámez, S., K. Garcés, E. Torre, and A. Guevara. 2019. Precious metals recovery from waste printed circuit boards using thiosulfate leaching and ion exchange resin. Hydrometallurgy 186:1–11. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2019.03.004.
- Gurung, M., B. Adhikari, H. Kawakita, K. Ohto, K. Inoue, and S. Alam. 2013. Recovery of gold and silver from spent mobile phones by means of acidothiourea leaching followed by adsorption using biosorbent prepared from persimmon tannin. Hydrometallurgy 133:84–93. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2012.12.003.
- Ha, V., J. Lee, T. Huynh, J. Jeong, and B. Pandey. 2014. Optimizing the thiosulfate leaching of gold from printed circuit boards of discarded mobile phone. Hydrometallurgy 149:118–26. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2014.07.007.
- Ha, V., J. Lee, J. Jeong, H. Hai, and K. Manis. 2010. Thiosulfate leaching of gold from waste mobile phones. Journal of Hazardous Materials 178 (1–3):1115–19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.01.099.
- Han, Z., Y. Wu, H. Yu, and S. Zhou. 2021. Location-dependent effect of nickel on hydrogen dissociation and diffusion on Mg (0001) surface: insights into hydrogen storage material design. Journal of Magnesium and Alloys. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jma.2021.03.002.
- He, Y., and Z. Xu. 2015. Recycling gold and copper from waste printed circuit boards using chlorination process. RSC Advances 5 (12):8957–64. doi:https://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA16231E.
- Hoque, B., S. Kolev, R. Cattrall, T. Gopakumar, and M. Almeida. 2021. A cross-linked polymer inclusion membrane for enhanced gold recovery from electronic waste. Waste Management 124:54–62. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2021.01.009.
- Huang, Y., M. Pan, and S. Lo. 2020. Hydrometallurgical metal recovery from waste printed circuit boards pretreated by microwave pyrolysis. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 163:105090. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105090.
- Ilyas, S., R. Srivastava, and H. Kim. 2021a. O2-enriched microbial activity with pH-sensitive solvo-chemical and electro-chlorination strategy to reclaim critical metals from the hazardous waste printed circuit boards. Journal of Hazardous Materials 416:125769. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125769.
- Ilyas, S., R. Srivastava, and H. Kim. 2021b. Gold recovery from secondary waste of PCBs by electro-Cl2 leaching in brine solution and solvo-chemical separation with tri-butyl phosphate. Journal of Cleaner Production 295:126389. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126389.
- Islam, A., T. Ahmed, M. Awual, A. Rahman, M. Sultana, A. Aziz, M. Monir, S. Teo, and M. Hasan. 2020. Advances in sustainable approaches to recover metals from e-waste-a review. Journal of Cleaner Production 244:118815. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118815.
- Jadhao, P., E. Ahmad, K. Pant, and K. Nigam. 2020. Environmentally friendly approach for the recovery of metallic fraction from waste printed circuit boards using pyrolysis and ultrasonication. Waste Management 118:150–60. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.08.028.
- Jadhav, U., and H. Hocheng. 2015. Hydrometallurgical recovery of metals from large printed circuit board pieces. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 5 (1):14574. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep14574.
- Jiao, T., C. Ren, S. Lin, L. Zhang, X. Xu, Y. Zhang, W. Zhang, and P. Liang. 2022. The extraction mechanism research for the separation of indole through the formation of deep eutectic solvents with quaternary ammonium salts. Journal of Molecular Liquids 347:118325. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118325.
- Kasper, A., and H. Veit. 2018. Gold recovery from printed circuit boards of mobile phones scraps using a leaching solution alternative to cyanide. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering 35 (3):931–42. doi:https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-6632.20180353s20170291.
- Kaya, M. 2016. Recovery of metals and nonmetals from electronic waste by physical and chemical recycling processes. Waste Management 57:64–90. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2016.08.004.
- Kim, E., M. Kim, J. Lee, and B. Pandey. 2011. Selective recovery of gold from waste mobile phone pcbs by hydrometallurgical process. Journal of Hazardous Materials 198:206–15. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.034.
- Kudpeng, K., T. Bohu, C. Morris, P. Thiravetyan, and A. Kaksonen. 2020. Bioleaching of gold from sulfidic gold ore concentrate and electronic waste by Roseovarius tolerans and Roseovarius mucosus. Microorganisms 8 (11):1783. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111783.
- Kumar, A., H. Saini, and S. Kumar. 2018a. Bioleaching of gold and silver from waste printed circuit boards by pseudomonas balearica SAE1 isolated from an e-waste recycling facility. Current Microbiology 75 (2):194–201. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-017-1365-0.
- Kumar, A., H. Saini, and S. Kumar. 2018b. Enhancement of gold and silver recovery from discarded computer printed circuit boards by pseudomonas balearica sae1 using response surface methodology (RSM). Biotech 8:100.
- Lekka, M., I. Masavetas, A. Benedetti, A. Moutsatsou, and L. Fedrizzi. 2015. Gold recovery from waste electrical and electronic equipment by electrodeposition: A feasibility study. Hydrometallurgy 157:97–106. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2015.07.017.
- Li, H., E. Jacques, and O. Elsayed. 2018. Hydrometallurgical recovery of metals from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs): Current status and perspectives-A review. Resources Conservation and Recycling 139:122–39. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.08.007.
- Li, J., J. Wen, Y. Guo, N. An, C. Liang, and Z. Ge. 2020. Bioleaching of gold from waste printed circuit boards by alkali-tolerant Pseudomonas fluorescens. Hydrometallurgy 194:105260. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2020.105260.
- Lin, M., Z. Huang, Z. Yuan, Y. Fu, J. Hu, Z. Xu, and J. Ruan. 2020. Mechanism of gold cyanidation in bioleaching of precious metals from waste printed circuit boards. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 8 (51):18975–81. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c06822.
- Marra, A., A. Cesaro, and V. Belgiorno. 2019. Recovery opportunities of valuable and critical elements from weee treatment residues by hydrometallurgical processes. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 26 (19):19897–905. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05406-5.
- Meng, L., Z. Wang, Y. Zhong, L. Guo, J. Gao, K. Chen, H. Cheng, and Z. Guo. 2017. Supergravity separation for recovering metals from waste printed circuit boards. Chemical Engineering Journal 326:540–50. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.04.143.
- Mohd, J., S. Mohd, S. Intan, and N. Nik, 2019. Extraction and stripping behaviour study on gold recovery from printed circuit board. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 268( 1), 012003. doi:https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/268/1/012003.
- Natarajan, G., and Y. Ting. 2014. Pretreatment of e-waste and mutation of alkali-tolerant cyanogenic bacteria promote gold biorecovery. Bioresource Technology 152:80–85. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.10.108.
- Nguyen, H., P. Le, V. Pham, X. Nguyen, B. Dhinesh, and A. Hoang. 2021. Application of the Internet of Things in 3E (efficiency, economy, and environment) factor-based energy management as smart and sustainable strategy. Energy Sources, Part A:Recovery,Utilization, and Environment Effects 1–23. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2021.1954110
- Panda, R., O. Dinkar, M. Jha, and D. Pathak. 2020. Recycling of gold from waste electronic components of devices. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 37 (1):111–19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-019-0412-x.
- Petrus, H., A. Putra, H. Gustiana, A. Prasetya, I. Bendiyasa, and W. Astuti, 2020. Gold leaching from printed circuit boards (PCBs) as one of the urban mine resources using thiosulphate: Optimization using response surface methodology (RSM). IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 778( 1), 012166. doi:https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/778/1/012166.
- Pietrelli, L., S. Ferro, and M. Vocciante. 2019. Eco-friendly and cost-effective strategies for metals recovery from printed circuit boards. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 112:317–23. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.05.055.
- Prakash, P., S. Lin, and C. Tsai. 2020. Environmental and economic performance analysis of recycling waste printed circuit boards using life cycle assessment. Journal of Environmental Management 276:111276. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111276.
- Rao, M., K. Singh, C. Morrison, and J. Love. 2021. Recycling copper and gold from e-waste by a two-stage leaching and solvent extraction process. Separation and Purification Technology 263:118400. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118400.
- Sadia, I., R. Srivastava, K. Hyunjung, D. Subhankar, and K. Vinay. 2021. Circular bioeconomy and environmental benignness through microbial recycling of e-waste: A case study on copper and gold restoration. Waste Management 121:175–85. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.12.013.
- Sheel, A., and P. Deepak. 2017. Recovery of gold from electronic waste using chemical assisted microbial biosorption (hybrid) technique. Bioresource Technology 247:1189–92. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.212.
- Srivastava, R., S. Ilyas, H. Kim, S. Choi, N. Ilyas, M. A. Ghauri, and N. Ilyas. 2020. Biotechnological recycling of critical metals from waste printed circuit boards. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 95 (11):2796–810. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.6469.
- Tan, Q., L. Liu, M. Yu, and J. Li. 2019. An innovative method of recycling metals in printed circuit board (PCB) using solutions from PCB production. Journal of Hazardous Materials 390:121892. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121892.
- Tiwary, C., S. Kishore, R. Vasireddi, D. Mahapatra, P. Ajayan, and K. Chattopadhyay. 2017. Electronic waste recycling via cryo-milling and nanoparticle beneficiation. Materials Today 20 (2):67–73. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2017.01.015.
- Tran, D., J. Lee, B. Pandey, K. Yoo, and J. Jeong. 2011. Bioleaching of gold and copper from waste mobile phone pcbs by using a cyanogenic bacterium. Minerals Engineering 24 (11):1219–22. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2011.05.009.
- Trung, H., S. Jeon, and Y. Lee. 2020. Facile recovery of gold from e-waste by integrating chlorate leaching and selective adsorption using chitosan-based bioadsorbent. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 9:104661.
- Tuncuk, A. 2019. Lab scale optimization and two-step sequential bench scale reactor leaching tests for the chemical dissolution of Cu, Au & Ag from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). Waste Management 95:636–43. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.07.008.
- Vaccari, M., G. Vinti, A. Cesaro, V. Belgiorno, S. Salhofer, M. Dias, and A. Jandric. 2019. WEEE treatment in developing countries: Environmental pollution and health consequences-An overview. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16 (9):1595. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091595.
- Vats, M., and S. Singh. 2015. Assessment of gold and silver in assorted mobile phone printed circuit boards (PCBs): Original article. Waste Management 45:280–88. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.06.002.
- Ventura, E., A. Futuro, S. Pinho, M. Almeida, and J. Dias. 2018. Physical and thermal processing of waste printed circuit boards aiming for the recovery of gold and copper. Journal of Environmental Management 223:297–305. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.06.019.
- Wang, X., and G. Gaustad. 2012. Prioritizing material recovery for end-of-life printed circuit boards. Waste Management 32 (10):1903–13. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2012.05.005.
- Wang, J., B. Zeng, J. Lv, Y. Lu, and H. Chen. 2020a. Environmentally friendly technology for separating gold from waste printed circuit boards: A combination of suspension electrolysis and a chlorination process. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 8 (45):16952–59. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c06948.
- Wang, J., M. Zhang, and Y. Lu. 2020b. Study of gold leaching behavior in the chlorination process from waste printed circuit boards. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 9 (1):284–90. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c07165.
- Wang, R., C. Zhang, Y. Zhao, Y. Zhou, E. Ma, J. Bai, and J. Wang. 2021. Recycling gold from printed circuit boards gold-plated layer of waste mobile phones in “mild aqua regia” system. Journal of Cleaner Production 278:123597. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123597.
- Wu, Y., Q. Fang, X. Yi, G. Liu, and R. Li. 2017. Recovery of gold from hydrometallurgical leaching solution of electronic waste via spontaneous reduction by polyaniline. Progress in Natural Science: Materials International 27 (4):514–19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnsc.2017.06.009.
- Xiu, F., Y. Qi, and F. Zhang. 2015. Leaching of Au, Ag, and Pd from waste printed circuit boards of mobile phone by iodide lixiviant after supercritical water pre-treatment. Waste Management 41:134–41. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.02.020.
- Yamane, L., V. Moraes, D. Espinosa, and J. Tenório. 2011. Recycling of WEEE: Characterization of spent printed circuit boards from mobile phones and computers. Waste Management 31 (12):2553–58. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2011.07.006.
- Yang, Q., J. Cao, F. Yang, Y. Liu, M. Chen, R. Qin, L. Chen, and P. Yang. 2021. Amyloid-like aggregates of bovine serum albumin for extraction of gold from ores and electronic waste. Chemical Engineering Journal 416:129066. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.129066.
- Yoshimura, A., K. Takatori, and Y. Matsuno. 2020. Environmentally sound recovery of gold from waste electrical and electronic equipment using organic aqua regia. International Journal of Automation Technology 14 (6):999–1004. doi:https://doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2020.p0999.
- Yuan, Z., X. Zhao, J. Lu, H. Lv, and L. Li. 2021. Innovative pre-concentration technology for recovering ultrafine ilmenite using superconducting high gradient magnetic separator. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 31 (6):1043–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmst.2021.10.011.
- Željko, K., R. Milisav, K. Marija, A. Zoran, G. Nataša, D. Jovana, and J. Sanja. 2018. Hydrometallurgical process for selective metals recovery from waste-printed circuit boards. Metals 8 (6):441. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/met8060441.
- Zhang, S., Y. Gu, A. Tang, B. Li, B. Li, D. Pan, and Y. Wu. 2021. Forecast of future yield for printed circuit board resin waste generated from major household electrical and electronic equipment in China. Journal of Cleaner Production 283:124575. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124575.
- Zhou, W., H. Liang, Y. Lu, H. Xu, and Y. Jiao. 2020b. Adsorption of gold from waste mobile phones by biochar and activated carbon in gold iodized solution. Waste Management 120:530–37. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.10.017.
- Zhou, W., H. Liang, and H. Xu. 2020a. Recovery of gold from waste mobile phone circuit boards and synthesis of nanomaterials using emulsion liquid membrane. Journal of Hazardous Materials 411:125011. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.125011.
- Zhou, G., H. Zhang, W. Yang, Z. Wu, W. Liu, and C. Yang. 2020. Bioleaching assisted foam fractionation for recovery of gold from the printed circuit boards of discarded cellphone. Waste Management 101:200–09. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.10.016.