Assessment and comparison of the operation of an unmanned aerial vehicle’s propulsion system based on the different fuel cells

References

• Aghaie, M., M. Mehrpooya, and F. Pourfayaz. 2016. Introducing an integrated chemical looping hydrogen production, inherent carbon capture and solid oxide fuel cell biomass fueled power plant process configuration. Energy Conversion and Management 124:141–54. doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2016.07.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aguiar, P., D. Brett, and N. Brandon. 2008. Solid oxide fuel cell/gas turbine hybrid system analysis for high-altitude long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicles. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 33 (23):7214–23. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.09.012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmadi, M. H., et al. 2016. Thermodynamic analysis and optimization of a waste heat recovery system for proton exchange membrane fuel cell using transcritical carbon dioxide cycle and cold energy of liquefied natural gas. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering 34:428–38. doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2016.07.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arat, H. T., et al. 2020. Conceptual design analysis for a lightweight aircraft with a fuel cell hybrid propulsion system. energy sources, part A: Recovery. Utilization, and Environmental Effects 1–15. doi:10.1080/15567036.2020.1773966.
   Google Scholar
• Bahari, M., et al. 2021. Performance evaluation and multi-objective optimization of a novel UAV propulsion system based on PEM fuel cell, vol. 311, 122554.Fuel.
   Google Scholar
• Baldinelli, A., et al. 2021. An extensive model for renewable energy electrochemical storage with solid oxide cells based on a comprehensive analysis of impedance deconvolution. Journal of Energy Storage 33:102052. doi:10.1016/j.est.2020.102052.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayrak, Z. U., U. Kaya, and E. Oksuztepe. 2020. Investigation of PEMFC performance for cruising hybrid powered fixed-wing electric UAV in different temperatures. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 45 (11):7036–45. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.12.214.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brett, D. J., et al. 2007. Operational experience of an IT-SOFC/battery hybrid system for automotive applications. ECS Transactions. 7(1):113. doi:10.1149/1.2729080.
   Google Scholar
• Cai, W. 2019. Optimal bidding and offering strategies of compressed air energy storage: A hybrid robust-stochastic approach. Renewable Energy 143:1–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng, S., et al. 2021. A new hybrid solar photovoltaic/phosphoric acid fuel cell and energy storage system. Energy and Exergy Performance. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 46(11):8048–66. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.11.282.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dali, A., et al. 2021. A novel effective nonlinear state observer based robust nonlinear sliding mode controller for a 6 kW proton exchange membrane fuel cell voltage regulation. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 44:100996. doi:10.1016/j.seta.2021.100996.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Wagter, C., et al. 2021. The NederDrone: A hybrid lift, hybrid energy hydrogen UAV. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 46(29):16003–18. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.02.053.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Depcik, C., et al. 2020. Comparison of lithium ion Batteries, hydrogen fueled combustion Engines, and a hydrogen fuel cell in powering a small unmanned aerial vehicle. Energy Conversion and Management 207:112514. doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2020.112514.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan, X., H. Sun, Z. Yuan, Z. Li, R. Shi, and N. Ghadimi. et al. 2020. High Voltage Gain DC/DC Converter Using Coupled Inductor and VM Techniques. IEEE Access. Vol. 8. IEEE Access. 131975–131987. doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3002902.
   Google Scholar
• Gang, B. G., H. Kim, and S. Kwon. 2017. Ground simulation of a hybrid power strategy using fuel cells and solar cells for high-endurance unmanned aerial vehicles. Vol. 141, 1547–54. Energy
   Google Scholar
• Gang, B. G., and S. Kwon. 2018. Design of an energy management technique for high endurance unmanned aerial vehicles powered by fuel and solar cell systems. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 43 (20):9787–96. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.04.049.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ge, J., et al. 2021. A trajectory optimization method for reducing magnetic disturbance of an internal combustion engine powered unmanned aerial vehicle. Vol. 116. Aerospace Science and Technology.106885.
   Google Scholar
• Gong, A., and D. Verstraete. 2017. Fuel cell propulsion in small fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles: Current status and research needs. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 42 (33):21311–33. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.06.148.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González-Espasandín, Ó., et al. 2019. Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) and H2 proton exchange membrane fuel (PEMFC/H2) cell performance under atmospheric flight conditions of unmanned aerial vehicles. Renewable Energy 130:762–73. doi:10.1016/j.renene.2018.06.105.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han, Erfeng, and Noradin Ghadimi. ”Model identification of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells based on a hybrid convolutional neural network and extreme learning machine optimized by improved honey badger algorithm.” Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 52 (2022): 102005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen, O. R. 2020. Liquid hydrogen releases show dense gas behavior. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 45 (2):1343–58. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.09.060.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hari, B., et al. 2019. A computational fluid dynamics and finite element analysis design of a microtubular solid oxide fuel cell stack for fixed wing mini unmanned aerial vehicles. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 44(16):8519–32. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.01.170.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ji, Z., et al. 2019. Thermodynamic performance evaluation of a turbine-less jet engine integrated with solid oxide fuel cells for unmanned aerial vehicles. Applied Thermal Engineering 160:114093. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114093.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ji, Z., et al. 2020. Determination of the safe operation zone for a turbine-less and solid oxide fuel cell hybrid electric jet engine on unmanned aerial vehicles. Vol. 202. Energy. 117532.
   Google Scholar
• Jin, W., and Y.-G. Lee. 2014. Computational analysis of the aerodynamic performance of a long-endurance UAV. International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences 15 (4):374–82. doi:10.5139/IJASS.2014.15.4.374.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khanmohammadi, S., et al. 2021. Thermal modeling and triple objective optimization of a new compressed air energy storage system integrated with Rankine cycle, PEM fuel cell, and thermoelectric unit. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 43:100810. doi:10.1016/j.seta.2020.100810.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, K., et al. 2011. Fuel cell system with sodium borohydride as hydrogen source for unmanned aerial vehicles. Journal of Power Sources. 196(21):9069–75. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.01.038.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lapeña-Rey, N., et al. 2017. A fuel cell powered unmanned aerial vehicle for low altitude surveillance missions. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 42(10):6926–40. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.01.137.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, Y., et al. 2020. Weight optimization of hydrogen storage vessels for quadcopter UAV using genetic algorithm. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 45(58):33939–47. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, G., X. Wang, and A. Rezazadeh. 2021. Electrical energy storage from a combined energy process based on solid oxide fuel cell and use of waste heat. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 48:101663. doi:10.1016/j.seta.2021.101663.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, J. et alet al. 2020. An IGDT-based risk-involved optimal bidding strategy for hydrogen storage-based intelligent parking lot of electric vehicles. Journal of Energy Storage 27:101057.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marefati, M., and M. Mehrpooya. 2019a. Introducing and investigation of a combined molten carbonate fuel cell, thermoelectric generator, linear fresnel solar reflector and power turbine combined heating and power process. Journal of Cleaner Production 240:118247. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118247.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marefati, M., and M. Mehrpooya. 2019b. Introducing a hybrid photovoltaic solar, proton exchange membrane fuel cell and thermoelectric device system. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 36:100550. doi:10.1016/j.seta.2019.100550.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marefati, M., M. Mehrpooya, and S. A. Mousavi. 2019. Introducing an integrated SOFC, linear Fresnel solar field, Stirling engine and steam turbine combined cooling, heating and power process. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 44 (57):30256–79. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.09.074.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marefati, M., M. Mehrpooya, and M. B. Shafii. 2019. A hybrid molten carbonate fuel cell and parabolic trough solar collector, combined heating and power plant with carbon dioxide capturing process. Energy Conversion and Management 183:193–209. doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2019.01.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehrpooya, M., H. Dehghani, and S. A. Moosavian. 2016. Optimal design of solid oxide fuel cell, ammonia-water single effect absorption cycle and Rankine steam cycle hybrid system. Journal of Power Sources 306:107–23.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miansari, M., et al. 2009. Experimental and thermodynamic approach on proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance. Journal of Power Sources. 190(2):356–61. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.01.082.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oh, T. H. 2018. Conceptual design of small unmanned aerial vehicle with proton exchange membrane fuel cell system for long endurance mission. Energy Conversion and Management 176:349–56. doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2018.09.036.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okumus, E., et al. 2017. Development of boron-based hydrogen and fuel cell system for small unmanned aerial vehicle. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 42(4):2691–97. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.09.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozbek, E., et al. 2021. Architecture design and performance analysis of a hybrid hydrogen fuel cell system for unmanned aerial vehicle. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 46(30):16453–64. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.12.216.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng, M. Y.-P., et al. 2020. Energy and exergy analysis of a new combined concentrating solar collector, solid oxide fuel cell, and steam turbine CCHP system. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 39:100713. doi:10.1016/j.seta.2020.100713.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rostami, M., M. Dehghan Manshadi, and E. Afshari. 2022. Performance evaluation of two proton exchange membrane and alkaline fuel cells for use in UAVs by investigating the effect of operating altitude. International Journal of Energy Research 46 (2): 1481–1496.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Satheesh Kumar, M., et al., Blockchain based peer to peer communication in autonomous drone operation. Energy Reports, 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Seo, J.-E., et al. 2014. Portable ammonia-borane-based H2 power-pack for unmanned aerial vehicles. Journal of Power Sources 254:329–37. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.11.112.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shamel, A., et al. 2016. Designing a PID controller to control a fuel cell voltage using the imperialist competitive algorithm. Advances in Science and Technology Research Journal 10 (30).
   Google Scholar
• Stroman, R. O., et al. 2014. Liquid hydrogen fuel system design and demonstration in a small long endurance air vehicle. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 39(21):11279–90. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.05.065.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swider-Lyons, K., et al. 2011. Hydrogen fuel cell propulsion for long endurance small UVAs. AIAA Centennial of Naval Aviation Forum” 100 Years of Achievement and Progress”
   Google Scholar
• Wang, S., W. Li, and H. Fooladi. 2021. Performance evaluation of a polygeneration system based on fuel cell technology and solar photovoltaic and use of waste heat. Vol. 72, 103055. Sustainable Cities and Society
   Google Scholar
• Wang, Z., X. Zhang, and A. Rezazadeh. 2021. Hydrogen fuel and electricity generation from a new hybrid energy system based on wind and solar energies and alkaline fuel cell. Vol. 7, 2594–604. Energy Reports
   Google Scholar
• Yang, Z. 2021. Robust multi-objective optimal design of islanded hybrid system with renewable and diesel sources/stationary and mobile energy storage systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 148:111295.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, C., S. Moon, and Y. Kim. 2016. A fuel cell/battery hybrid power system for an unmanned aerial vehicle. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 30 (5):2379–85. doi:10.1007/s12206-016-0448-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, D., et al. 2020. Energy management of wind-PV-storage-grid based large electricity consumer using robust optimization technique. Journal of Energy Storage 27:101054. doi:10.1016/j.est.2019.101054.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, X., et al. 2018. Experimental investigation on the online fuzzy energy management of hybrid fuel cell/battery power system for UAVs. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 43(21):10094–103. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.04.075.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, C., et al. 2021. Parameter analysis of power system for solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle. Applied Energy 295:117031. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117031.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, J., M. Khayatnezhad, and N. Ghadimi. 2022. Optimal model evaluation of the proton-exchange membrane fuel cells based on deep learning and modified African Vulture Optimization Algorithm. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects. 44(1):287–305.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, F., and A. V. Virkar. 2005. Dependence of polarization in anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells on various cell parameters. Journal of Power Sources 141 (1):79–95. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.08.057.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar