220
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Salt-tolerant and instant friction reducer for slickwater fracturing stimulation based on dispersion polymerization

, , , , &
Pages 6392-6403 | Received 09 Dec 2021, Accepted 27 Jun 2022, Published online: 18 Jul 2022

References

  • Ahmed, H. M., M. S. Kamal, and M. Al-Harthi. 2019. Polymeric and low molecular weight shale inhibitors: A review[J]. Fuel 251:187–217. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2019.04.038.
  • Bewersdorff, H. W. 1982. Effect of a centrally injected polymer thread on drag in pipe flow. Rheologica Acta 21 (4–5):587–89. doi:10.1007/BF01534353.
  • Blackmon, K. P. W.-S. C., XX., K. P. Blackmon, and D. L. Elliott. 1986. Copolymers of acrylamide with sodium 3-(N-Propyl) acrylamido-3-methylbutanoate: solution properties. Journal of Polymer Science. Part A, Polymer Chemistry 24 (10):2619–34. doi:10.1002/pola.1986.080241019.
  • Brun, N. L. , L. Norman, A. Bismarck, and C. N. Markides, et al. 2016. On the drag reduction effect and shear stability of improved acrylamide copolymers for enhanced hydraulic fracturing. Chemical Engineering Science 146:135–43. doi:10.1016/j.ces.2016.02.009.
  • Dai, C., K. Wang, Y. Liu, H. Li, Z. Wei, and M. Zhao, et al. 2015. Reutilization of fracturing flowback fluids in surfactant flooding for enhanced oil recovery[J]. Energy & Fuels. 29(4):2304–11. doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b00507.
  • Gadd, G. E. 1965. Turbulence damping and drag reduction produced by certain additives in water. Nature 206 (4983):463–67. doi:10.1038/206463a0.
  • Gadd, G. E. 1965. Turbulence damping and drag reduction produced by certain additives in water[J]. Nat Ure (London);(united Kingdom 206 (4983):463–467. doi:10.1038/206463a0.
  • Gyr, A. 1968. Analogy between vortex stretching by drag-reducing additives and vortex stretching by fine suspensions. Nature 219 (5157):928–29. doi:10.1038/219928b0.
  • Hoyt, J. W. 1971. Drag‐reduction effectiveness of polymer solutions in the turbulent‐flow rheometer: A catalog[J]. Journal of Polymer Science. Part B: Polymer Letters 9 (11):851–62. doi:10.1002/pol.1971.110091110.
  • Hoyt, J. W., and A. G. Fabula. 1972. The effect of additives on fluid friction. Journal of Fluids Engineering, Transactions of the ASME 94 (2):258–85.
  • Jia, Z., M. Baltazar, and H. Sun, et al. 2014. Water-based environmentally preferred friction reducer in ultrahigh-TDS produced water for slickwater fracturing in shale reservoirs[C]//SPE/EAGE European unconventional resources conference and exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers 2014 (1):1–13. doi:10.2118/167775-MS.
  • Jung, H., S. Y. Kim, K. Lee, B. H. Lee, S. E. Shim, and S. Choe, et al. 2005. High molecular weight monodisperse polystyrene microspheres prepared by dispersion polymerization, using a novel bifunctional macromonomer. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry. 43(16):3566–73. doi:10.1002/pola.20827.
  • L, M. C., H. R. D, M. S. E, and A. M. Safieddine, et al. 1990. Water-soluble copolymers. 31. Effects of molecular parameters, solvation, and polymer associations on drag reduction performance[J]. Macromolecules. 23(8):2132–39. doi:10.1021/ma00210a006.
  • Mccormick, C. L., R. D. Hester, S. E. Morgan, and A. M. Safieddine, et al. 1990. Effects of molecular structure on drag reduction efficiency. Macromolecules. 23(8):2124–31. doi:10.1021/ma00210a005.
  • Metzner, A. B., and A. P. Metzner. xxx. Stress levels in rapid extensional flows of polymeric fluids. Rheologica Acta 19709 (2):174–81.
  • Mimouni, A., N. Kuzmyak, and E. Oort, et al. 2015. Compatibility of hydraulic fracturing additives with high salt concentrations for flowback water reuse[ World Environmental & Water Resources Congress . 496–509 doi:10.1061/9780784479162.045.
  • Murali, M. A., A. Hartsock, R. W. Hammack, R. D. Vidic, and K. B. Gregory, et al. 2013. Microbial communities in flowback water impoundments from hydraulic fracturing for recovery of shale gas. Fems Microbiology Ecology. 86(3):567–80. doi:10.1111/1574-6941.12183.
  • Paine, A. J., W. Luymes, and J. McNulty, et al. 1990. Dispersion polymerization of styrene in polar solvents. Influence of reaction parameters on particle size and molecular weight in poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone)-stabilized reactions. Macromolecules . 23(12):3104–09. doi:10.1021/ma00214a012.
  • Paktinat, J., B. Oneil, et al. 2011. Case studies: impact of high salt tolerant friction reducers on freshwater conversation in Canadian shale fracturing treatments. Carbon 10 (2):343.
  • Paktinat, J., B. O’Neil, and C. Aften, et al. High brine tolerant polymer improves the performance of slickwater frac in shale reservoirs[C]//North American unconventional gas conference and exhibition. OnePetro, 2011.
  • R.S, Middleton, and Carey J.W, et al. 2015. Shale gas and non-aqueous fracturing fluids: Opportunities and challenges for supercritical CO2[J]. Applied Energy 147:500–09. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.03.023.
  • Ray, B., and B. M. Mandal. 1997. Dispersion Polymerization of Acrylamide. Langmuir 13 (8):2191–96. doi:10.1021/la9605044.
  • Selva, Çavuş , and Guelten, Guerdag . Competitive-heavy-metal-removal-by-poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane-sulfonic acid-co-itaconic acid. Polymers for Advanced Technologies 2008. 19(9):1209–1217. ISBN 9.
  • Tai, H, and W. Wang , et al. 2005. High molecular weight graft stabilizers for dispersion polymerization of vinylidene fluoride in supercritical carbon dioxide: The effect of architecture. Polymer. 46(24):10626–36. doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2005.09.028.
  • Tong, S., and M. Kk. 2016. Proppant transport study in fractures with intersections. Fuel 181:463–77. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2016.04.144.
  • Tucker, K. M., and P. M. McElfresh. 2014. Could emulsified friction reducers prevent robust friction reduction?[C]//SPE. International Symposium and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control doi:10.2118/168115-MS.
  • Usui, Hiromoto , et al. 1988. Drag reduction caused by the injection of polymer thread into a turbulent pipe flow. Journal of Rheology. 35(4):715–715. doi:10.1122/1.550154.
  • Virk, P. S. 1971. An elastic sublayer model for drag reduction by dilute solutions of linear macromolecules[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 45 (3):417–40. doi:10.1017/S0022112071000120.
  • Virk, P. S. 1975. Drag reduction fundamentals[J]. AIChE Journal 21 (4):625–56. doi:10.1002/aic.690210402.
  • Yingxian, Ma , et al. 2020. A high salt tolerance and low adsorption drag reducer based on non-covalent enhancement[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development. 47(6):1333–41. doi:10.1016/S1876-3804(20)60141-6.
  • Zhong, C , et al. 2019. Temporal changes in microbial community composition and geochemistry in flowback and produced water from the duvernay formation[J]. ACS Earth and Space Chemistry. 3(6):1047–57. doi:10.1021/acsearthspacechem.9b00037.
  • Zhong, C, and A Zolfaghari , et al. 2021. Comparison of the hydraulic fracturing water cycle in China and North America: A critical review[J]. Environmental Science & Technology. 55(11):7167–85. doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c06119.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.