Analyzing the impact of the built environment on commuting-related carbon dioxide emissions

References

• Aguiléra, A., & Voisin, M. (2014). Urban form, commuting patterns and CO2 emissions: What differences between the municipality’s residents and its jobs? Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 69, 243–251.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al Otary, L., Abou-Zeid, M., & Kaysi, I. (2021). Modeling car ownership and use in a developing country context with informal public transportation. Transportation, 1–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-020-10161-5
   Google Scholar
• Alam, M., & Rabbani, M. D. G. (2007). Vulnerabilities and responses to climate change for Dhaka. Environment and Urbanization, 19(1), 81–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956247807076911
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali, R., Bakhsh, K., & Yasin, M. A. (2019). Impact of urbanization on CO2 emissions in emerging economy: Evidence from Pakistan. Sustainable Cities and Society, 48, 101553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101553
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrews, C. J. (2008). Greenhouse gas emissions along the rural-urban gradient. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 51(6), 847–870. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640560802423780
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antipova, A., Wang, F., & Wilmot, C. (2011). Urban land uses, socio-demographic attributes and commuting: A multilevel modeling approach. Applied Geography, 31(3), 1010–1018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.02.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashik, F. R., Mim, S. A., & Neema, M. N. (2020). Towards vertical spatial equity of urban facilities: An integration of spatial and aspatial accessibility. Journal of Urban Management, 9(1), 77–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2019.11.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barla, P., Miranda-Moreno, L. F., & Lee-Gosselin, M. (2011). Urban travel CO2 emissions and land use: A case study for Quebec City. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 16(6), 423–428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2011.03.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barla, P., Miranda-Moreno, L. F., Savard-Duquet, N., Thériault, M., & Lee-Gosselin, M. (2010). Disaggregated empirical analysis of determinants of urban travel greenhouse gas emissions. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2156(1), 160–169. https://doi.org/10.3141/2156-18
   Google Scholar
• Barua, S., Alam, D., & Roy, A. (2013). Modal integration for improving urban mobility in Dhaka. Urban Public Transportation Systems 2013 (pp. 179–192). https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784413210.017
   Google Scholar
• Ben-Akiva, M., & Atherton, T. J. (1977). Methodology for short-range travel demand predictions: Analysis of carpooling incentives. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 11(3), 224–261.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berrigan, D., Pickle, L. W., & Dill, J. (2010). Associations between street connectivity and active transportation. International Journal of Health Geographics, 9(1), 20–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boarnet, M. G. (2011). A broader context for land use and travel behavior, and a research Agenda. Journal of the American Planning Association, 77(3), 197–213. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2011.593483
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C2ES. (2019). Global emissions. https://www.c2es.org/content/international-emissions/#:∼:text=Globally%2C%20the%20primary%20sources%20of,72%20percent%20of%20all%20emissions.
   Google Scholar
• Cao, X., & Yang, W. (2017). Examining the effects of the built environment and residential self-selection on commuting trips and the related CO2 emissions: An empirical study in Guangzhou, China. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 52, 480–494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2017.02.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter, J. G., Cavan, G., Connelly, A., Guy, S., Handley, J., & Kazmierczak, A. (2015). Climate change and the city: Building capacity for urban adaptation. Progress in Planning, 95, 1–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progress.2013.08.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cervero, R. B. (2013). Linking urban transport and land use in developing countries. Journal of Transport and Land Use, 6(1), 7–24. https://doi.org/10.5198/jtlu.v6i1.425
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cervero, R., & Murakami, J. (2010). Effects of BEs on vehicle miles traveled: Evidence from 370 US urbanized areas. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 42(2), 400–418. https://doi.org/10.1068/a4236
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crane, R. (2000). The influence of urban form on travel: An interpretive review. Journal of Planning Literature, 15(1), 3–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/08854120022092890
   Google Scholar
• Croci, E., Melandri, S., Molteni, T., & Zadorozhna, O. (2013). Determinants of GHG emissions from urban ground transportation: Review of simple of European Cities. IEFE Center for Research on Energy and Environmental Economics and Policy. https://www.isecoeco.org/conferences/isee2012-versao3/pdf/565.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Des Rosiers, F., Theriault, M., Biba, G., & Vandersmissen, M. H. (2017). Greenhouse gas emissions and urban form: Linking households’ socio-economic status with housing and transportation choices. Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science, 44(5), 964–985.
   Google Scholar
• Dill, J. (2004, January). Measuring network connectivity for bicycling and walking. In 83rd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board (pp. 11–15).
   Google Scholar
• Ding, C., & Cao, X. (2019). How does the built environment at residential and work locations affect car ownership? An application of cross-classified multilevel model. Journal of Transport Geography, 75, 37–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2019.01.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding, C., Cao, X., & Wang, Y. (2018a). Synergistic effects of the built environment and commuting programs on commute mode choice. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 118, 104–118.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding, C., Wang, D., Liu, C., Zhang, Y., & Yang, J. (2017). Exploring the influence of built environment on travel mode choice considering the mediating effects of car ownership and travel distance. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 100, 65–80.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding, C., Wang, Y., Tang, T., Mishra, S., & Liu, C. (2018b). Joint analysis of the spatial impacts of built environment on car ownership and travel mode choice. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 60, 28–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2016.08.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DTCA. (2015). The project on the revision and updating of the strategic transport plan for Dhaka.
   Google Scholar
• Engo, J. (2019). Decoupling analysis of CO2 emissions from transport sector in Cameroon. Sustainable Cities and Society, 51, 101732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101732
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ewing, R., & Cervero, R. (2010). Travel and the built environment: A meta-analysis. Journal of the American Planning Association, 76(3), 265–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944361003766766
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ewing, R., & Dumbaugh, E. (2009). The built environment and traffic safety: A review of empirical evidence. Journal of Planning Literature, 23(4), 347–367. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885412209335553
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gómez-Gélvez, J. A., & Obando, C. (2013). Modeling car ownership in urban areas of developing countries: Case study of Bogotá, Colombia. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2394(1), 111–118. https://doi.org/10.3141/2394-14
   Google Scholar
• Handy, S. L., Boarnet, M. G., Ewing, R., & Killingsworth, R. E. (2002). How the built environment affects physical activity: Views from urban planning. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 23(2 Suppl), 64–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-3797(02)00475-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heinonen, J., & Junnila, S. (2011). Implications of urban structure on carbon consumption in metropolitan areas. Environmental Research Letters, 6(1), 014018. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/6/1/014018
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho, C. Q., & Yamamoto, T. (2011). The role of attitudes and public transport service on vehicle ownership in Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.
   Google Scholar
• Hong, J. (2017). Non-linear influences of the built environment on transportation emissions: Focusing on densities. Journal of Transport and Land Use, 10(1), 229–240.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishii, S., Tabushi, S., Aramaki, T., & Hanaki, K. (2010). Impact of future urban form on the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from residential, commercial and public buildings in Utsunomiya, Japan. Energy Policy, 38(9), 4888–4896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2009.08.022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jabareen, Y. R. (2006). Sustainable urban forms: Their typologies, models, and concepts. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 26(1), 38–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X05285119
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiao, J., Huang, Y., Liao, C., & Zhao, D. (2021). Sustainable development path research on urban transportation based on synergistic and cost-effective analysis: A case of Guangzhou. Sustainable Cities and Society, 71, 102950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.102950
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, C., & Kammen, D. M. (2014). Spatial distribution of US household carbon footprints reveals suburbanization undermines greenhouse gas benefits of urban population density. Environmental Science & Technology, 48(2), 895–902. https://doi.org/10.1021/es4034364
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamruzzaman, M., Baker, D., Washington, S., & Turrell, G. (2013). Residential dissonance and mode choice. Journal of Transport Geography, 33, 12–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.09.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan, A. (2013). Bangladesh – The most climate vulnerable country. World Bank. https://blogs.worldbank.org/endpovertyinsouthasia/bangladesh-most-climate-vulnerable-country#:∼:text=The%20recently%20released%20sixth%20annual,vulnerable%20cities%20in%20the%20world.
   Google Scholar
• Kharbach, M., & Chfadi, T. (2017). CO2 emissions in Moroccan road transport sector: Divisia, cointegration, and EKC analyses. Sustainable Cities and Society, 35, 396–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.08.016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar, P. P., Sekhar, C. R., & Parida, M. (2018). Residential dissonance in TOD neighborhoods. Journal of Transport Geography, 72, 166–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2018.09.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar, P. P., Sekhar, C. R., & Parida, M. (2020). Identification of neighborhood typology for potential transit-oriented development. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 78, 102186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2019.11.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Labib, S., Neema, M. N., Rahaman, Z., Patwary, S. H., & Shakil, S. H. (2018). Carbon dioxide emission and bio-capacity indexing for transportation activities: A methodological development in determining the sustainability of vehicular transportation systems. Journal of Environmental Management, 223, 57–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litman, T. (2015). Evaluating public transit benefits and costs. Victoria Transport Policy Institute Victoria.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, Z., Ma, J., & Chai, Y. (2017). Neighborhood-scale urban form, travel behavior, and CO2 emissions in Beijing: Implications for low-carbon urban planning. Urban Geography, 38(3), 381–400. https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2016.1191796
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahbubur Rahman, M., Hassan, M. S., Md. Bahauddin, K., Khondoker Ratul, A., & Hossain Bhuiyan, M. A. (2018). Exploring the impact of rural–urban migration on urban land use and land cover: a case of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Migration and Development, 7(2), 222–239. https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2017.1301298
   Google Scholar
• Ma, J., Heppenstall, A., Harland, K., & Mitchell, G. (2014). Synthesising carbon emission for mega-cities: A static spatial microsimulation of transport CO2 from urban travel in Beijing. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 45, 78–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2014.02.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma, J., Liu, Z., & Chai, Y. (2015). The impact of urban form on CO2 emission from work and non-work trips: The case of Beijing. Habitat International, 47, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2014.12.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masson, V., Marchadier, C., Adolphe, L., Aguejdad, R., Avner, P., Bonhomme, M., Bretagne, G., Briottet, X., Bueno, B., de Munck, C., Doukari, O., Hallegatte, S., Hidalgo, J., Houet, T., Le Bras, J., Lemonsu, A., Long, N., Moine, M.-P., Morel, T., … Zibouche, K. (2014). Adapting cities to climate change: A systemic modelling approach. Urban Climate, 10, 407–429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2014.03.004
   Google Scholar
• Mitra, R., & Buliung, R. N. (2012). Built environment correlates of active school transportation: Neighborhood and the modifiable areal unit problem. Journal of Transport Geography, 20(1), 51–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2011.07.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mokhtarian, P. L., & Cao, X. (2008). Examining the impacts of residential self-selection on travel behavior: A focus on methodologies. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 42(3), 204–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2007.07.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mortoja, M., & Yigitcanlar, T. (2020). How does Peri-urbanization trigger climate change vulnerabilities? An investigation of the Dhaka megacity in Bangladesh. Remote Sensing, 12(23), 3938. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12233938
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muñiz, I., Calatayud, D., & Dobaño, R. (2013). The compensation hypothesis in Barcelona measured through the ecological footprint of mobility and housing. Landscape and Urban Planning, 113, 113–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.02.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muñiz, I., & Garcia-López, M. À. (2019). Urban form and spatial structure as determinants of the ecological footprint of commuting. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 67, 334–350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2018.08.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muñiz, I., & Rojas, C. (2019). Urban form and spatial structure as determinants of per capita greenhouse gas emissions considering possible endogeneity and compensation behaviors. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 76, 79–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2019.02.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muñiz, I., & Sánchez, V. (2018). Urban spatial form and structure and greenhouse-gas emissions from commuting in the metropolitan zone of Mexico Valley. Ecological Economics, 147, 353–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.01.035
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munshi, T. (2016). Built environment and mode choice relationship for commute travel in the city of Rajkot, India. Transportation Research Part D: transport and Environment, 44, 239–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2015.12.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakshi, P., & Debnath, A. K. (2021). Impact of built environment on mode choice to major destinations in Dhaka. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2675(4), 281–296. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198120978418
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norman, J., MacLean, H. L., & Kennedy, C. A. (2006). Comparing high and low residential density: Life-cycle analysis of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 132(1), 10–21. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9488(2006)132:1(10)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng, Z. R. (1997). The jobs-housing balance and urban commuting. Urban Studies, 34(8), 1215–1235. https://doi.org/10.1080/0042098975600
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabbani, G., Rahman, A. A., & Islam, N. (2011). Climate change implications for Dhaka City: A need for immediate measures to reduce vulnerability. Resilient cities (pp. 531–541). Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Rahman, M. H., Islam, M. H., & Neema, M. N. (2021). GIS-based compactness measurement of urban form at neighborhood scale: The case of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Journal of Urban Management, (In press), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jum.2021.08.005.
   Google Scholar
• Rahman, M. H., & Ashik, F. R. (2020). Is neighborhood level Jobs-Housing Balance associated with travel behavior of commuters?: a case study on Dhaka City, Bangladesh. GeoScape, 14(2), 122–133. https://doi.org/10.2478/geosc-2020-0011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RAJUK. (2015). Dhaka structure plan 2016–2035. http://www.rajukdhaka.gov.bd/rajuk/image/slideshow/1.%20Draft%20Dhaka%20Structure%20Plan%20Report%202016-2035(Full%20%20Volume).pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Ritchie, H. (2020). Cars, planes, trains: Where do CO2 emissions from transport come from? https://ourworldindata.org/co2-emissions-from-transport
   Google Scholar
• Rosenzweig, C., Solecki, W. D., Hammer, S. A., & Mehrotra, S. (Eds.). (2011). Climate change and cities: First assessment report of the urban climate change research network. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Shirgaokar, M. (2016). Expanding cities and vehicle use in India: Differing impacts of built environment factors on scooter and car use in Mumbai. Urban Studies, 53(15), 3296–3316. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098015608050
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siddique, A. (2016). Dhaka's carbon emission conundrum. Dhaka Tribune. https://www.dhakatribune.com/uncategorized/2016/01/08/dhakas-carbon-emission-conundrum
   Google Scholar
• Tamakloe, R., Hong, J., & Tak, J. (2021). Determinants of transit-oriented development efficiency focusing on an integrated subway, bus and shared-bicycle system: Application of Simar-Wilson's two-stage approach. Cities, 108, 102988. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2020.102988
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thøgersen, J. (2006). Understanding repetitive travel mode choices in a stable context: A panel study approach. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 40(8), 621–638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2005.11.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Acker, V., & Witlox, F. (2010). Car ownership as a mediating variable in car travel behaviour research using a structural equation modelling approach to identify its dual relationship. Journal of Transport Geography, 18(1), 65–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2009.05.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vande Weghe, J. R., & Kennedy, C. (2007). A spatial analysis of residential greenhouse gas emissions in the Toronto census metropolitan area. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 11(2), 133–144. https://doi.org/10.1162/jie.2007.1220
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, F. (2000). Modeling commuting patterns in Chicago in a GIS environment: A job accessibility perspective. The Professional Geographer, 52(1), 120–133. https://doi.org/10.1111/0033-0124.00210
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, X., Shao, C., Yin, C., & Dong, C. (2021). Exploring the effects of the built environment on commuting mode choice in neighborhoods near public transit stations: evidence from China. Transportation Planning and Technology, 44(1), 111–127. https://doi.org/10.1080/03081060.2020.1851453
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Y., Yang, L., Han, S., Li, C., & Ramachandra, T. V. (2017). Urban CO2 emissions in Xi’an and Bangalore by commuters: Implications for controlling urban transportation carbon dioxide emissions in developing countries. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 22(7), 993–1019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-016-9704-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willems, P., Arnbjerg-Nielsen, K., Olsson, J., & Nguyen, V. T. V. (2012). Climate change impact assessment on urban rainfall extremes and urban drainage: Methods and shortcomings. Atmospheric Research, 103, 106–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2011.04.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, X., Tao, T., Cao, J., Fan, Y., & Ramaswami, A. (2019). Examining threshold effects of built environment elements on travel-related carbon-dioxide emissions. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 75, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2019.08.018
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue, X., Ren, Y., Cui, S., Lin, J., Huang, W., & Zhou, J. (2015). Integrated analysis of GHGs and public health damage mitigation for developing urban road transportation strategies. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 35, 84–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2014.11.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, W., & Cao, X. (2018). Examining the effects of the neighborhood built environment on CO2 emissions from different residential trip purposes: A case study in Guangzhou, China. Cities, 81, 24–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2018.03.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, W., Li, T., & Cao, X. (2015). Examining the impacts of socio-economic factors, urban form and transportation development on CO2 emissions from transportation in China: A panel data analysis of China's provinces. Habitat International, 49, 212–220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2015.05.030
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, W., Wang, S., & Zhao, X. (2018). Measuring the direct and indirect effects of neighborhood-built environments on travel-related CO2 emissions: A structural equation modeling approach. Sustainability, 10(5), 1372. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10051372
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, W., & Zhou, S. (2020). Using decision tree analysis to identify the determinants of residents’ CO2 emissions from different types of trips: A case study of Guangzhou, China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 277, 124071. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124071
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zahabi, S. A. H., Miranda-Moreno, L., Patterson, Z., Barla, P., & Harding, C. (2012). Transportation greenhouse gas emissions and its relationship with urban form, transit accessibility and emerging green technologies: A Montreal case study. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 54, 966–978. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.812
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, M., Liu, X., & Ding, Y. (2021). Assessing the influence of urban transportation infrastructure construction on haze pollution in China: A case study of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 87, 106547. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2020.106547
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, M., Li, H., Zhou, M., & Mu, H. (2011). Decomposition analysis of energy consumption in Chinese transportation sector. Applied Energy, 88(6), 2279–2285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.12.077
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, M., Shan, C., Wang, W., Pang, J., & Guo, S. (2020). Do driving restrictions improve air quality: Take Beijing-Tianjin for example? Science of the Total Environment, 712, 136408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136408
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar