References
- Ahmad, R., et al., 2016. Phytoremediation potential of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.): identification and characterization of heavy metals responsive genes. Clean - soil air water, 44 (2), 195–201.
- Aiello, G., et al., 2017. Exploration of potentially bioactive peptides generated from the enzymatic hydrolysis of hempseed proteins. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 65 (47), 10174–10184.
- Alves, P., et al., 2020. Cannabis sativa: much more beyond δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Pharmacological research, 157, 104822.
- Andren, A.W., and Harriss, R.C., 1971. Mercury content of tobaccos. Environmental letters, 1 (4), 231–234.
- Andren, A.W., et al., 1971. Alamgir, M., Kibria, M. G., and Islam, M., 2011. Effects of farm yard manure on cadmium and lead accumulation in Amaranth (Amaranthus oleracea L.). Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management, 2(8), 237–240.
- Baker, A.M.J., and Brooks, R.R., 1989. Terrestrial higher plants which hyperaccumulate metallic elements. a review of their distribution. Ecology and phytochemistry, 1, 81–126.
- BPC. 2019. Business and Professions Code, Section § 5723. Heavy Metals Testing. Heavy-Metal-Regulations.Pdf (Infinitecal.Com). https://infinitecal.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Heavy-metal-regulations.pdf.
- Briffa, J., Sinagra, E., and Blundell, R., 2020. Heavy metal pollution in the environment and their toxicological effects on humans. Heliyon, 6 (9), e04691.
- Brooks, R., et al., 1980. Hyperaccumulation of copper and cobalt - a review. Bulletin de La Société Royale de Botanique de Belgique/Bulletin van de Koninklijke Belgische Botanische Vereniging, 113, 166–172.
- Busse, F., et al., 2008. Lead poisoning due to adulterated marijuana. New England journal of medicine, 358 (15), 1641–1642.
- Callaway, J.C., 2004. Hempseed as a nutritional resource: an overview. Euphytica, 140 (1–2), 65–72.
- Campbell, S., et al., 2002. Remediation of benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene-contaminated soil with industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa). International journal of phytoremediation, 4 (2), 157–168.
- Citterio, S., et al., 2005. The Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Glomus Mosseae induces growth and metal accumulation changes in Cannabis sativa L. Chemosphere, 59 (1), 21–29.
- Citterio, S., et al., 2003. Heavy metal tolerance and accumulation of Cd, Cr and Ni by Cannabis sativa L. Plant and soil, 256 (2), 243–252.
- Dalvi, A.A., and Bhalerao, S.A., 2013. Response of plants towards heavy metal toxicity: an overview of avoidance, tolerance and uptake mechanism. Annals of plant sciences, 2 (09), 362–368.
- Díaz, G., Azcón-Aguilar, C., and Honrubia, M., 1996. Influence of Arbuscular mycorrhizae on heavy metal (Zn and Pb) uptake and growth of Lygeum spartum and Anthyllis cytisoides. Plant and soil, 180 (2), 241–249.
- Eboh, L.O., and Thomas, B., 2005. Analysis of heavy metal content in canabis leaf and seed cultivated in southern part of Nigeria. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 4 (5), 349–351.
- Engwa, G.A., P.U. Ferdinand, F.N. Nwalo, and M.N. Unachukwu. 2019. Mechanism and health effects of heavy metal toxicity in humans. Poisoning in the Modern World - New Tricks for an Old Dog? (June 19). Available from: https://www.intechopen.com/books/poisoning-in-the-modern-world-new-tricks-for-an-old-dog-/mechanism-and-health-effects-of-heavy-metal-toxicity-in-humans.
- Galić, M., et al., 2019. Evaluation of heavy metals accumulation potential of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.). Journal of Central European Agriculture, 20 (2), 700–711.
- Gauvin, D.V., et al., 2018. Marijuana toxicity: heavy metal exposure through state-sponsored access to “La Fee Verte”. Pharmaceutical regulatory affairs: open access, 7 (1), 1–10.
- Girdhar, M., et al., 2014. Comparative assessment for hyperaccumulatory and phytoremediation capability of three wild weeds. 3 Biotech, 4 (6), 579–589.
- Greipsson, S., 2011. Phytoremediation. Nature education knowledge, 3 (10), 7. https://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/phytoremediation-17359669/
- Hajar, E.W.I., A.Z.B. Sulaiman, and A.M.M. Sakinah. 2014. Assessment of heavy metals tolerance in leaves, stems and flowers of Steviar rebaudiana Plant. Procedia environmental sciences 20, 386–393.
- Harada, E., et al., 2010. Expression profiling of tobacco leaf trichomes identifies genes for biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant & cell physiology, 51 (10), 1627–1637.
- Hatch, D.J., Jones, L.H.P., and Burau, R.G., 1988. The effect of pH on the uptake of Cadmium by four plant species grown in flowing solution culture. Plant and Soil, 105 (1), 121–126.
- Hoseini, P.S., et al., 2012. Ability of phytoremediation for absorption of strontium and caesium from soils using Cannabis sativa. International journal of environmental health engineering, 1 (1), 17.
- Husain, R., et al., 2019. Enhanced tolerance of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) plants on abandoned mine land soil leads to overexpression of cannabinoids. PLOS one, 14 (8), e0221570.
- Jaishankar, M., et al., 2014. Toxicity, mechanism and health effects of some heavy metals. Interdisciplinary toxicology, 7 (2), 60–72.
- Li, S.-Y., et al., 2010. The feasibility of converting cannabis sativa L. oil into biodiesel. Bioresource technology, 101 (21), 8457–8460.
- Linger, P., Ostwald, A., and Haensler, J., 2005. Cannabis sativa L. growing on heavy metal contaminated soil: growth, cadmium uptake and photosynthesis. Biologia plantarum, 49 (4), 567–576.
- Liu, K.J., and Shi, X., 2001. In vivo reduction of chromium (VI) and its related free radical generation. Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 222 (1–2), 41–47.
- MacFarquhar, J.K., et al., 2010. Acute selenium toxicity associated with a dietary supplement. Archives of internal medicine, 170 (3), 256–261.
- Mazen, A.M.A., and El Maghraby, O.M.O., 1997. Accumulation of cadmium, lead and strontium, and a role of calcium oxalate in water hyacinth tolerance. Biologia plantarum, 40 (3), 411–417.
- Mihoc, M., et al., 2012. Nutritive quality of Romanian hemp varieties (Cannabis sativa L.) with special focus on oil and metal contents of seeds. Chemistry central journal, 6 (1), 122.
- Ming-Yin, Yang Da-Wei, TANG Hui-Juan, Pan Gen, LI De-Fang, Zhao Li-Ning, and Huang Si-Qi. 2020. Genome-wide identification of GRAS transcription factor and expression analysis in response to cadmium stresses in hemp (Cannabis sativa L.). Acta agronomica sinica, 47, 1054–1069. http://zwxb.chinacrops.org/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.04078.
- Moir, D., et al., 2008. A comparison of mainstream and sidestream marijuana and tobacco cigarette smoke produced under two machine smoking conditions. Chemical research in toxicology, 21 (2), 494–502.
- Morin-Crini, N., et al., 2018. Hemp-based materials for metal removal. In: G. Crini and E. Lichtfouse, ed. Green adsorbents for pollutant removal: innovative materials. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 1–34. Environmental chemistry for a sustainable world. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92162-4_1.
- Mura, P., et al., 2004. Cannabis sativa var. indica: une plante complexe aux effets pervers. Annales de toxicologie analytique, 16 (1), 7–17.
- Neal, A.P., and Guilarte, T.R., 2013. Mechanisms of lead and manganese neurotoxicity. Toxicology research, 2 (2), 99–114.
- Park, W., and Ahn, S.-J., 2017. HMA3 is a key factor for differences in Cd- and Zn-related phenotype between Arabidopsis Ws and Col-0 ecotypes. Plant biotechnology reports, 11 (4), 209–218.
- Pi, J., et al., 2003. A potential mechanism for the impairment of nitric oxide formation caused by prolonged oral exposure to arsenate in rabbits. Free radical biology & medicine, 35 (1), 102–113.
- Reeves, R.D., 2003. Tropical hyperaccumulators of metals and their potential for phytoextraction. Plant and soil, 249 (1), 57–65.
- Reeves, R.D., et al., 2018. A global database for plants that hyperaccumulate metal and metalloid trace elements. New phytologist, 218 (2), 407–411.
- Reporterlinker. 2019. Industrial hemp market by type, application, source and region - global forecast to 2025. https://www.reportlinker.com/p05791873/?utm_source=GNW
- Rin, K., et al., 1995. DNA-strand breaks induced by dimethylarsinic acid, a metabolite of inorganic arsenics, are strongly enhanced by superoxide anion radicals. Biological & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLEtin, 18 (1), 45–48.
- Saltiola, T. 2020. Cd, Hg and Pb concentration of Finnish lyophilized hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Juice. Preprint. Preprints. Available from: https://www.authorea.com/users/291588/articles/478229-cd-hg-and-pb-concentration-of-finnish-lyophilized-hemp-cannabis-sativa-l-juice?commit=dbb2712a2297a564c3916c713991edc71fcaec09
- Sarret, G., et al., 2006. Trichomes of tobacco excrete Zinc as Zinc-substituted Calcium carbonate and other Zinc-containing compounds. Plant physiology, 141 (3), 1021–1034.
- Siegel, B.Z., Garnier, L., and Siegel, S.M., 1988. Mercury in marijuana. BioScience, 38 (9), 619–623.
- Singh, R., et al., 2011. Heavy metals and living systems: an overview. Indian journal of pharmacology, 43 (3), 246–253.
- Stanbrough, R., S. Chuaboonmee, E.A. Palombo, F. Malherbe, and M. Bhave. 2013. Heavy metal phytoremediation potential of a heavy metal resistant soil bacterial isolate, Achromobacter Sp. Strain AO22. APCBEE procedia 5, 502–507.
- Stonehouse, G.C., et al., 2020. Selenium metabolism in Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)-potential for phytoremediation and biofortification. Environmental science & technology, 54 (7), 4221–4230.
- Tripathi, V., Edrisi, S.A., and Abhilash, P.C., 2016. Towards the coupling of phytoremediation with bioenergy production. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 57, 1386–1389.
- Uraguchi, S., et al., 2009. Root-to-shoot Cd translocation via the xylem is the major process determining shoot and grain cadmium accumulation in rice. Journal of experimental botany, 60 (9), 2677–2688.
- Vandenhove, H., and M. Van Hees. 2005. Fibre crops as alternative land use for radioactively contaminated arable land. Journal of environmental radioactivity 81: 131–141.
- Vert, G., et al., 2002. IRT1, an Arabidopsis transporter essential for Iron uptake from the soil and for plant growth. The plant cell, 14 (6), 1223–1233.
- Wakshlag, J.J., et al., 2020. Cannabinoid, terpene, and heavy metal analysis of 29 over-the-counter commercial veterinary hemp supplements. Veterinary medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 11, 45–55.
- Wan, X., Lei, M., and Chen, T., 2016. Cost–benefit calculation of phytoremediation technology for heavy-metal-contaminated soil. Science of the total environment, 563–564, 796–802.
- Wang, Q., and Xiong, Y.L., 2018. Zinc-binding behavior of hemp protein hydrolysates: soluble versus insoluble zinc-peptide complexes. Journal of functional foods, 49, 105–112.
- Wong, C.K.E., and Cobbett, C.S., 2009. HMA P-Type ATPases are the major mechanism for root-to-shoot Cd translocation in Arabidopsis Thaliana. New phytologist, 181 (1), 71–78.
- Wu, L.H., et al., 2013. Sedum Plumbizincicola X.H. Guo et S.B. Zhou Ex L.H. Wu (Crassulaceae): A new species from Zhejiang Province, China. Plant systematics and evolution, 299 (3), 487–498.
- Zhang, Y., et al., 2018. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alleviate the heavy metal toxicity on sunflower (Helianthus annuus l.) plants cultivated on a heavily contaminated field soil at a WEEE-recycling site. Science of the total environment, 628–629, 282–290.
- Zielonka, D., et al., 2020. Hemp-based phytoaccumulation of heavy metals from municipal sewage sludge and Phosphogypsum under field conditions. Agronomy, 10 (6), 907.