References
- Al Khalifa, Hamad bin Isa. 2011. “Stability is a prerequisite for progress.” Washington Times, April 19, 2011. https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/apr/19/stability-is-prerequisite-for-progress/.
- Al-Rasheed, Madawi. 2011. “Sectarianism as Counter-revolution: Saudi Responses to the Arab Spring.” Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism 11: 513–526. doi: 10.1111/j.1754-9469.2011.01129.x
- Al-Rasheed, Madawi. 2015. “How United is the GCC?” Al-Monitor, April 3, 2015.
- Brooke, Steven. 2017. “Sectarianism and Social Conformity: Evidence from Egypt.” Political Research Quarterly 70 (4): 848–860. doi: 10.1177/1065912917717641
- Brumberg, Daniel. 2013. “Transforming the Arab World’s Protection-Racket Politics.” Journal of Democracy 24: 88–103. doi: 10.1353/jod.2013.0042
- Fibiger, Thomas. 2018. “Sectarian Non-Entrepreneurs: The Experience of Everyday Sectarianism in Bahrain and Kuwait.” Middle East Critique 27 (3): 303–316. doi: 10.1080/19436149.2018.1475854
- Gengler, Justin. 2015. Sectarian Backfire? Assessing Gulf Political Strategy Five Years after the Arab Uprisings. Washington, DC: Middle East Institute, November 17.
- Gengler, Justin, and Laurent A. Lambert. 2016. “Renegotiating the Ruling Bargain: Selling Fiscal Reform in the GCC.” Middle East Journal 70 (2): 321–329. doi: 10.3751/70.2.21
- Haddad, Fanar. 2011. Sectarianism in Iraq: Antagonistic Visions of Unity. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Hashemi, Nader, and Danny Postel. 2017. Sectarianization: Mapping the New Politics of the Middle East. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Hubbard, Ben, Palko Karasz, and Stanley Reed. 2019. “Two Major Saudi Oil Installations Hit by Drone Strike, and U.S. Blames Iran.” New York Times, September 14, 2019. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/14/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-refineries-drone-attack.html.
- Matthiesen, Toby. 2013. Sectarian Gulf: Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and the Arab Spring that Wasn’t. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
- Nereim, Vivian. 2019. ‘Traitor’ Is the New ‘Infidel’ as Nationalism Grips Saudi Arabia. Bloomberg. March, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-03-03/-traitor-is-the-new-infidel-as-nationalism-grips-saudi-arabia.
- Potter, Laurence, ed. 2014. Sectarian Politics in the Persian Gulf. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Shaery-Eisenlohr, Roschanack. 2008. Shi’ite Lebanon: Transnational Religion and the Making of National Identities. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Siegel, Alexandra. 2015. Sectarian Twitter Wars: Sunni-Shia Conflict and Cooperation in the Digital Age. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, December 20, 1015. https://carnegieendowment.org/2015/12/20/sectarian-twitter-wars-sunni-shia-conflict-and-cooperation-in-digital-age-pub-62299.
- Tessler, Mark, Amaney Jamal, Abdallah Bedaida, Mhammed Abderebbi, Khalil Shikaki, Fares Braizat, and Justin Gengler. 2016. Arab Barometer: Public Opinion Survey Conducted in Algeria, Morocco, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Yemen, and Bahrain 2006–2009. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], February 26, 2016. doi:10.3886/ICPSR26581.v4.
- Ulrichsen, Kristian Coates. 2020. Qatar and the Gulf Crisis. London: Hurst Publishers.
- Wehrey, Frederic M. 2013. Sectarian Politics in the Gulf: From the Iraq War to the Arab Uprisings. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Wehrey, Frederic M. 2017. Beyond Sunni and Shia: The Roots of Sectarianism in a Changing Middle East. New York: Oxford University Press.