Toward a better understanding of the infrageneric relationships in Cortinarius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)

LITERATURE CITED

• Aanen DK, Kuyper TW, Boekhout T, Hoekstra RF. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships in the genus Hebeloma based on ITS1 and 2 sequences, with special emphasis on the Hebeloma crustuliniforme complex. Mycologia 92:269–281.
   Google Scholar
• Arnold N. 1993. Morphologisch-anatomische und chemische Untersuchung der Untergattung Telamonia (Cortinarius, Agaricales). IHW Verlag, Eching. 214 p.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Besl H, Bresinsky A, Kemmer H. 1987. Remarks on the chemotaxonomy of the genus Dermocybe (Agari-cales) and on its distribution in Bavaria (West Germany). Zeitschrift für Mykologie 53:187–194.
   Google Scholar
• Binder M. 1999. Zur molekularen Systematik der Boletales: Boletinae und Sclerodermatinae subordo nov. Universität Regensburg, Regensburg.
   Google Scholar
• Brandrud TE. 1998. Cortinarius subgen. Phlegmacium sec. Fulvi: chemotaxonomy versus morphological taxonomy. Journales des J.E.C. 1998:4–9.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 2002. Evolution of subg. Phlegmacium in light of its pigment chemistry a case of “trivialization” and loss of character diversity? In: International Mycological Congress 7 Book of Abstracts, Oslo. p 125.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Lindström H, Marklund H, Melot J, Muskos S. 1995. Cortinarius Flora Photographica Teil 3. Fotoflora. Cortinarius HB, Matfors.
   Google Scholar
• Chambers SM, Sawyer NA, Cairney JWG. 1999. Molecular identification of co-occurring Cortinarius and Dermocybe species from southeastern Australian Sclerophyll Forests. Mycorrhiza 9:85–90.
   Google Scholar
• Dahlman M, Danell E, Spatafora JW. 2000. Molecular systematics of Craterellus: cladistic analysis of nuclear LSU rDNA sequence data. Mycol Res 104:388–394.
   Google Scholar
• Danel VC, Saviuc PF, Garon D. 2001. Main Features of Cortinarius spp. poisoning: a literature review. Toxicon 39:1053–1060.
   Google Scholar
• Drehmel D, Moncalvo JM, Vilgalys R. 1999. Molecular phylogeny of Amanita based on large-subunit ribosomal DNA sequences: implications for taxonomy and character evolution. Mycologia 91:610–618.
   Google Scholar
• Gardes M, Bruns TD. 1993. ITS primers with enhanced specificity for basidiomycetes application to the identification of mycorrhizae and rusts. Mol Ecol 2:113–118.
   Google Scholar
• Garnica S, Weiß M, Oberwinkler F. 2003b. Morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies in South American Cortinarius species. Mycol Res 197:1143–1156.
   Google Scholar
• ———, ———, ———. 2003a. Phylogenetic relationships of European Phlegmacium species (Cortinarius Agaricales). Mycologia 95:1155–1170.
   Google Scholar
• Garnier G. 1991. Bibliographie des Cortinaires. Volumes: A–C: 180 p. D–O: 272 p. P–Z: 290 p. Federation mycologique Dauphiné-Savoie. Annecy.
   Google Scholar
• Gill M. 1995a. New pigments of Cortinarius Fr. and Dermocybe (Fr.) Wünsche (Agaricales) from Australia and New Zealand. Sydowia Beihefte 10:73–87.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 1995b. Pigments of Australasian Dermocybe toadstools. Aust J Chem 48:1–26.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Steglich W. 1987. Pigments of Fungi (Macromycetes). Prog Chem Org Nat Prod 51:1–317.
   Google Scholar
• Gruber I. 1975. Papierchromatographische Pigmentanalyse von Südamerikanischen Dermocyben und Cortinarien. In: Moser M, Horak E, eds. Cortinarius Fr.und nahe verwandte Gattungen in Südamerika Nova Hedwigia, Beiheft 52:524–540.
   Google Scholar
• Grubisha LC, Trappe JM, Molina R, Spatafora JW. 2002. Biology of the ectomycorrhizal genus Rhizopogon. VI. Re-examination of infrageneric relationships inferred from phylogenetic analyses of ITS sequences. Mycologia 94:607–619.
   Google Scholar
• Heim R. 1951. Cuphocybe, Noveau genre neo-zelandais d’ agarics ochrospores. Revue de Mycologie 16:3–10.
   Google Scholar
• Hibbett DS, Thorne RG. 2000. Basidiomycota: Homobasi-diomycetes. In: McLaughlin DS, ed. The Mycota VII: Systematics and Evolution. p 121–160.
   Google Scholar
• Hillis DM. 1996. Inferring complex phylogenies. Nature 383:130–131.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 1998. Taxonomic sampling, phylogenetic accuracy, and investigator bias. Syst Biol 47:3–8.
   Google Scholar
• Høiland K. 1983. Cortinarius Subg. Dermocybe. Opera Botanica 71:5–113.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Holst-Jensen A. 2000. Cortinarius phylogeny and possible taxonomic implications of ITS rDNA sequences. Mycologia 92:694–710.
   Google Scholar
• Hopple JS, Vilgalys R. 1999. Phylogenetic relationships in the mushroom genus Coprinus and dark-spored allies based on sequence data from the nuclear gene coding for the large ribosomal subunit RNA: divergent domains, outgroups, and monophyly. Mol Phylogenet Evol 13:1–19.
   Google Scholar
• Horak E. 1988. New species of Dermocybe (Agaricales) from New Zealand. Sydowia 40:81–112.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 1999. New genera of Agaricales (Basidiomycota) 1. Rapacea gen. nov. Kew Bulletin 54:789–794.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Wood AE. 1990. Cortinarius Fr. (Agaricales) in Australasia. 1. Subgen. Myxacium and subgen. Paramyxacium. Sydowia 42:88–168.
   Google Scholar
• Huelsenbeck JP, Bollback JP, Levine AM. 2002. Inferring the root of a phylogenetic tree. Syst Biol 51:32–43.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Ronquist FR. 2001. MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogeny. Biometrics 17:754–755.
   Google Scholar
• Humpert AJ, Muench EL, Giachini A, Castellano MA, Spatafora JW. 2001. Molecular phylogenetics of Ramaria and related genera: evidence from nuclear large subunit and mitochondrial small subunit rDNA sequences. Mycologia 93:465–477.
   Google Scholar
• Jarosch M. 2001. Zur molekularen Systematik der Boletales: Coniophorinae Paxillinae und Suillinae. Berlin: J. Cramer.
   Google Scholar
• Karol KG, Mccourt RM, Cimino MT, Delwiche CF. 2001. The closest living relatives of land plants. Science 294:2351–2353.
   Google Scholar
• Keller G. 1982. Pigmentuntersuchungen bei europäischen Arten aus der Gattung Dermocybe (Fr. Wünsche). Sydowia 35:110–126.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Moser M, Horak E, Steglich W. 1987. Chemotaxonomic investigations of species of Dermocybe (Fr. Wünsche) Agaricales from New Zealand, Papua New Guinea and Argentina. Sydowia 40:168–187.
   Google Scholar
• Kirk PM, Cannon PF, David JC, Stalpers J. 2001. Ainsworth & Bisby’s dictionary of the fungi. 9th ed. Oxon, UK: CAB International.
   Google Scholar
• Kõljalg U, Dahlberg A, Taylor AFS, Larsson E, Hallenberg N, Stenlid J, Larsson KH, Fransson PM, Karen O, Jonsson L. 2000. Diversity and abundance of resupinate the-lephoroid fungi as ectomycorrhizal symbionts in Swedish boreal forests. Mol Ecol 9:1985–1996.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Tammi H, Timoner S, Agerer R, Sen R. 2002. ITS rDNA sequence-based phylogenetic analysis of Tomentellopsis species from boreal forests, and the identification of pink-type ectomycorrhizas. Mycol Progress 1:81–92.
   Google Scholar
• Konrad P, Maublanc A. 1948. Les Agaricales. Classification, Revision des especes- Iconographie, Comestibilite. Encyclopedie Mycologique XIV. Paul Lechevalier, Paris.
   Google Scholar
• Kopanski L, Klaar M, Steglich W. 1982. Fungus pigments: 40. Leprocybin, the fluorescent principle of Cortinarius cotoneus and related Leprocybes (Agaricales). Liebigs Annalen der Chemie: 1280–1296.
   Google Scholar
• Kühner R. 1980. Les Hyménomycètes agaricoïdes: étude générale et classification. Numéro spécial du Bulletin de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon, France.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Romagnesi H. 1953. Flore Analytique des Champignons Supérieurs. Masson, Paris.
   Google Scholar
• Kuhnert R, Peintner U. 2003. Revised nomenclature of Cortinarius taxa with type specimens deposited in the Inns-bruck (IB) mycological collection. Mycotaxon 81:113–120.
   Google Scholar
• Largent B, Simon DL. 1999. Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms for Bayesian analysis of phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 16:750–759.
   Google Scholar
• Liu YJ, Rogers SO, Ammirati JF. 1997. Phylogenetic relationships in Dermocybe and related Cortinarius taxa based on nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers. Can J Bot 75:519–532.
   Google Scholar
• Marvaldi AE, Sequeira AS, O’Brien CW, Farrell BD. 2002. Molecular and morphological phylogenetics of Weevils (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea): do niche shifts accompany diversification? Syst Biol 51:761–785.
   Google Scholar
• Melot J. 1990.Une classification du genre Cortinarius (Pers. S.F.Gray). Documents Mycologiques 20:43–59.
   Google Scholar
• Miller OK. 2003. The Gomphidiaceae revisited: a worldwide perspective. Mycologia 95:176–183.
   Google Scholar
• Miller RE, Buckley TR, Manos PS. 2002. An examination of the monophyly of morning glory taxa using bayesian phylogenetic inference. Syst Biol 51:740–753.
   Google Scholar
• Miller SL, McClean TM, Walker JF, Buyck B. 2001. A molecular phylogeny of the Russulales including agari-coid, gasteroid and pleurotoid taxa. Mycologia 93:344–354.
   Google Scholar
• Moënne-Loccoz PR, Reumaux P, Henry R. 1990. Atlas des Cortinaires II. Èditions Fèdération mycologique Dauphiné-Savoie. Annecy.
   Google Scholar
• Moncalvo JM, Lutzoni FM, Rehner SA, Johnson J, Vilgalys R. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships of agaric fungi based on nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences. Syst Biol 49:278–305.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Vilgalys R, Redhead SA, Johnson JE, James TY, Aime MC, Hofstetter V, Verduin SJW, Larsson E, Baroni TJ, Thorn RG, Jacobsson S, Clemencon H, Miller OK. 2002. One hundred and seventeen clades of euagarics. Mol Phylogenet Evol 23:357–400.
   Google Scholar
• Moser M. 1960. Die Gattung Phlegmacium. Verlag Julius Klinkhardt, Bad Heilbronn. 440 p.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 1972. Die Gattung Dermocybe (Fr.). Wünsche (Die Hautköpfe). Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Pilzkunde 50:153–167.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 1983. Die Röhrlinge und Blätterpilze. 5th ed. In: Kleine Kryptogamenflora Bd. IIb/2: Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag. 533 p.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Horak E. 1975. Cortinarius Fr. und nahe verwandte Gattungen in Südamerika. Nova Hedwigia Beiheft 52:1–628.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Peintner U. 2002a. Die phylogenetischen Beziehungen der Cortinarius aureopulverulentus Gruppe. Journales des J.E.C. 4:28–38.
   Google Scholar
• ———, ———. 2002b. The species complex Cortinarius scaurus-C. herpeticus based on morphological and molecular data. Micologia e Vegetazione Mediterranea 17:3–17.
   Google Scholar
• Murphy WJ, Eizirik E, O’Brien SJ, Madsen O, Scally M, Douady CJ, Teeling E, Ryder OA, Stanhope MJ, De Jong WWW, Springer MS. 2001. Resolution of the early placental mammal radiation using Bayesian phylogenetics. Science 294:2348–2351.
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen R. 2002. Mapping mutations on phylogenies. Syst Biol 51:729–739.
   Google Scholar
• Orton PD. 1958. The genus Cortiniarius II. Inoloma and Dermocybe. The Naturalist (Supplement):81–149.
   Google Scholar
• Peintner U, Bougher NL, Castellano MA, Moncalvo JM, Moser M, Trappe JM, Vilgalys R. 2001. Multiple origins of sequestrate fungi related to Cortinarius (Cortinari-aceae). Am J Bot 88:2168–2179.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Moser M, Vilgalys R. 2002a. Thaxterogaster is a taxonomic synonym of Cortinarius: new names and new combinations. Mycotaxon 81:177–184.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Moser M, Vilgalys R. 2002b. Rozites, Cuphocybe and Rapacea are taxonomic synonyms of Cortinarius: new names and new combinations. Mycotaxon 83:447–452.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Horak E, Moser M, Vilgalys R. 2002c. Phylogeny of Rozites, Cuphocybe and Rapacea. Mycologia 94:620–629.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Moser M, Agretious Thomas K, Manimohan P. 2003. First records of ectomycorrhizal Cortinarius species (Agaricales, Basidiomycetes) from tropical India and their phylogenetic position based on rDNA ITS sequences. Mycol Res 107:485–494.
   Google Scholar
• Pollock DD, Bruno WJ. 2000. Assessing an unknown evolutionary process: effect of increasing site-specific knowledge through taxon addition. Mol Biol Evol 17:1854–1858.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Zwickl DJ, McGuire JA, Hillis DM. 2002. Increased taxon is advantageous for phylogenetic inference. Syst Biol 51:664–671.
   Google Scholar
• Posada D, Crandall KA. 1998. Modeltest: testing the model of DNA substitution. Bioinformatics 14:817–818.
   Google Scholar
• Salamin N, Chase MW, Hodkinson TR, Savolainen V. 2003. Assessing internal support with large phylogenetic DNA matrices. Mol Phylogenet Evol 27:528–539.
   Google Scholar
• Seidl MT. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships within Cortinarius subg. Myxacium, sections Defibulati and Myxacium. Mycologia 92:1091–1102.
   Google Scholar
• Singer R. 1986. The Agaricales in modern taxonomy. 4th ed. Koenigstein, Germany: Koeltz Scientific Books. 981 p.
   Google Scholar
• Steglich W, Oertel B. 1984. Studies on the composition and distribution of pigments of Cortinarius, subg. Phlegmacium (Agaricales). Sydowia 37:284–295.
   Google Scholar
• Soltis DE, Soltis PS, Chase MW. 1999. Angiosperm phylogeny inferred from multiple genes as a tool for comparative biology. Nature 402:402–404.
   Google Scholar
• ———, ———, Mort ME, Chase MW, Savolainen V, Hoot SB, Morton CM. 1998. Inferring complex phylogenies using parsimony: an empirical approach using three large DNA data sets for angiosperms. Syst Biol 47:32–42.
   Google Scholar
• Suzuki Y, Glazko GV, Nei M. 2002. Overcredibility of molecular phylogenies obtained by Bayesian phylogenetics. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:16138–16143.
   Google Scholar
• Swofford DL. 2001. PAUP*. Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (*and other methods). Version 4.0d10. Sunderland, Massachusetts: Sinauer Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Thorne JL, Kishino H. 2002. Divergence time and evolutionary rate estimation with multilocus data. Syst Biol 51:689–703.
   Google Scholar
• Vilgalys R, Hester M. 1990. Rapid genetic identification and mapping of enzymatically amplified ribosomal DNA from several Cryptococcus species. J Bacteriol 172:4238–4246.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Sun BL. 1994. Ancient and recent patterns of geographic speciation in the oyster mushroom Pleurotus revealed by phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal DNA sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:4599–4603, 7832.
   Google Scholar
• White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S, Taylor J. 1990. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Michael AI, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ, White TJ, eds. PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. New York: Academic Press. p 315–322.
   Google Scholar
• Wilcox TP, Zwickl DJ, Heath TA, Hillis DM. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships of the dwarf boas and a comparison of Bayesian and bootstrap measures of phylogenetic support. Mol Phylogenet Evol 25:361–371.
   Google Scholar
• Yang Z, Rannala B. 1997. Bayesian phylogenetic inference using DNA sequences: a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Mol Biol Evol 14:717–724.
   Google Scholar
• Zwickl DJ, Hillis DM. 2002. Increased taxon sampling greatly reduces phylogenetic error. Syst Biol 51:588–598.
   Google Scholar