A phylogenetic hypothesis of Ustilaginomycotina based on multiple gene analyses and morphological data¹

LITERATURE CITED

• Aime MC, Matheny PB, Henk DA, Frieders EM, Nilsson RH, Piepenbring M, McLaughlin DJ, Szabo LJ, Begerow D, Sampaio JP, Bauer R, Weiß M, Oberwinkler F, Hibbett D. 2006. An overview of the higher-level classification of Pucciniomycotina based on combined analyses of nuclear large and small subunit rDNA sequences. Mycologia 98:896–905.
   Google Scholar
• Andrade O, Munoz G, Galdames R, Duran P, Honorato R. 2004. Characterization, in vitro culture, and molecular analysis of Thecaphora solani, the causal agent of potato smut. Phytopathology 94:875–882.
   Google Scholar
• Bandoni RJ, Johri BN. 1972. Tilletiaria: a new genus in the Ustilaginales. Can J Bot 50:39–43.
   Google Scholar
• Bauer R, Oberwinkler F, Vánky K. 1997. Ultrastructural markers and systematics in smut fungi and allied taxa. Can J Bot 75:1273–1314.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Vánky K, Begerow D, Oberwinkler F. 1999. Ustilaginomycetes on Selaginella. Mycologia 91:475–484.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Begerow D, Oberwinkler F, Piepenbring M, Berbee ML. 2001a. Ustilaginomycetes. In: McLaughlin DJ, McLaughlin EG, Lemke PA, eds. Systematics and Evolution. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, The Mycota XII Part B:57–83.
   Google Scholar
• ———, ———, ———. 2001b. The Georgefischeriales: a phylogenetic hypothesis. Mycol Res 105:416–424.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Lutz M, Oberwinkler F. 2005. Gjaerumia, a new genus in the Georgefischeriales (Ustilaginomycetes). Mycol Res 109:1250–58.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Begerow D, Sampaio JP, Weiß M, Oberwinkler F. 2006. The simple-septate basidiomycetes: a taxonomic synopsis. Mycol Prog 5:41–66.
   Google Scholar
• Begerow D, Bauer R, Oberwinkler F. 1997. Phylogenetic studies on the nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA of smut fungi and related taxa. Can J Bot 75:2045–2056.
   Google Scholar
• ———, ———, Boekhout T. 2000. Phylogenetic placements of ustilaginomycetous anamorphs as deduced from nuclear LSU rDNA sequences. Mycol Res 104:53–60.
   Google Scholar
• ———, ———, Oberwinkler F. 2001. Muribasidiospora: Microstromatales or Exobasidiales? Mycol Res 105:798–810.
   Google Scholar
• ———, ———, ———. 2002a. The Exobasidiales: an evolutionary hypothesis. Mycol Prog 1:187–199.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Lutz M, Oberwinkler F. 2002b. Implications of molecular characters for the phylogeny of the genus Entyloma. Mycol Res 106:1392–1399.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Göker M, Lutz M, Stoll M. 2004a. On the evolution of smut fungi on their hosts. In: Agerer R, Blanz P, Piepenbring M, eds. Frontiers in Basidiomycete Mycology. München, Germany: IHW-Verlag. p 81–98.
   Google Scholar
• ———, John B, Oberwinkler F. 2004b. Evolutionary relationships among β-tubulin gene sequences of basidiomycetous fungi. Mycol Res 108:1257–1263.
   Google Scholar
• Boekhout T. 1995. Pseudozyma Bandoni emend. Boekhout, a genus for yeast-like anamorphs of Ustilaginales. J Gen Appl Microbiol 41:359–366.
   Google Scholar
• Castlebury LA, Carris LM, Vánky K. 2005. Phylogenetic analysis of Tilletia and allied genera in order Tilletiales (Ustilaginomycetes, Exobasidiomycetidae) based on large subunit nuclear rDNA sequences. Mycologia 97: 888–900.
   Google Scholar
• Cole GT. 1983. Graphiola phoenicis: a taxonomic enigma. Mycologia 75:93–116.
   Google Scholar
• Cunningham JL, Bakshi BK, Lentz PL. 1976. Two new genera of leaf-parasitic fungi (Basidiomycetidae: Brachybasidiaceae). Mycologia 68:640–654.
   Google Scholar
• de Beer W, Begerow D, Bauer R, Pegg GS, Wingfield MJ. 2006. Quambalariaceae fam. nov., a new family in the Microstromatales to accommodate Quambalaria species. Stud Mycol 55:289–298.
   Google Scholar
• Denchev CM. 1997. Anthracoideaceae, a new family in the Ustilaginales. Mycotaxon 64:411–417.
   Google Scholar
• Fineran JM. 1982. Teliospore germination in Entorrhiza casparyana (Ustilaginales). Can J Bot 60:2903–2913.
   Google Scholar
• Gascuel O. 1997. BIONJ: an improved versions of the NJ algorithm based on a simple model of sequence data. Mol Biol Evol 714:685–95.
   Google Scholar
• Guého E, Midgley G, Guillot J. 1996. The genus Malassezia with description of four new species. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 69:337–355.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Boekhout T, Ashbee HR, Guillot J, van Belkum A, Faergemann J. 1998. The role of Malassezia species in the ecology of human skin and as pathogens. Med Mycol 36:220–229.
   Google Scholar
• Huelsenbeck JP, Ronquist F. 2001. MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees. Bioinformatics 817: 754–55.
   Google Scholar
• Ingold CT. 1987. Ballistospores and blastic conidia of Tilletia ayresii, and comparison with those of T. tritici and Entyloma ficariae. Trans Br Mycol Soc 88:75–82.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 1997. Teliospore germination in Tilletia opaca and T. sumatii and the nature of the tilletiaceous basidium. Mycol Res 101:281–284.
   Google Scholar
• Kahmann R, Kämper J. 2004. Ustilago maydis: how its biology relates to pathogenic development. New Phytol 164:31–42.
   Google Scholar
• Katoh K, Misawa K, Kuma K, Miyata T. 2002. MAFFT: a novel method for rapid multiple sequence alignment based on fast Fourier transform. Nucl Acid Res 30:059–66.
   Google Scholar
• Kreisel H. 1969. Grundzüge eines natürlichen Systems der Pilze. Germany: Cramer Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Lutzoni F, Kauff F, Cox CJ, McLaughlin D, Celio G, Dentinger B, Padamsee M, Hibbett D, James TY, Baloch E, Grube M, Reeb V, Hofstetter V, Schoch C, Arnold AE, Miadlikowska J, Spatafora J, Johnson D, Hambleton S, Crockett M, Shoemaker R, Hambleton S, Crockett M, Shoemaker R, Sung GH, Lucking R, Lumbsch T, O’Donnell K, Binder M, Diederich P, Ertz D, Gueidan C, Hansen K, Harris RC, Hosaka K, Lim YW, Matheny B, Nishida H, Pfister D, Rogers J, Rossman A, Schmitt I, Sipman H, Stone J, Sugiyama J, Yahr R, Vilgalys R. 2004. Assembling the Fungal Tree of Life: progress, classification and evolution of subcellular traits. Am J Bot 91:1446–1480.
   Google Scholar
• Mendgen K, Welter K, Scheffold F, Knauf-Beiter G. 1991. High pressure freezing of rust infected plant leaves. In: Mendgen K, Leseman DE, eds. Electron microscopy of plant pathogens. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. p 31–42.
   Google Scholar
• Nixon KC. 1999. The parsimony ratchet, a new method for rapid parsimony analysis. Cladistics 15:407–14.
   Google Scholar
• Oberwinkler F. 1978. Was ist ein Basidiomycet? Z Mykol 44: 13–29.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 1987. Heterobasidiomycetes with ontogenetic yeast stages-systematic and phylogenetic aspects. Stud Mycol 30:61–74.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Bandoni RJ, Blanz P, Deml G, Kisimova-Horovitz L. 1982. Graphiolales: basidiomycetes parasitic on palms. Pl Syst Evol 140:251–277.
   Google Scholar
• Patil MS. 1977. A new species of Muribasidiospora from Kolhapur. Kavaka 5:31–33.
   Google Scholar
• Piepenbring M, Bauer R. 1997. Erratomyces, a new genus of Tilletiales with species on Leguminosae. Mycologia 89: 924–936.
   Google Scholar
• Posada D, Crandall KA. 1998. Modeltest: testing the model of DNA substitution. Bioinformatics 914:817–18.
   Google Scholar
• Prillinger H, Oberwinkler F, Umile C, Tlachac K, Bauer R, Dörfler C, Taufratzhofer E. 1993. Analysis of cell wall carbohydrates (neutral sugars) from ascomycetous and basidiomycetous yeasts with and without derivatization. J Gen Appl Microbiol 39:1–34.
   Google Scholar
• Sikes DS, Lewis PO. 2001. PAUPRat: PAUP implementation of the parsimony ratchet.
   Google Scholar
• Singh RA, Pavgi MS. 1973. Morphology, cytology and development of Melanotaenium brachiariae. Cytologia 38:455–466.
   Google Scholar
• Stoll M, Piepenbring M, Begerow D, Oberwinkler F. 2003. Molecular phylogeny of Ustilago and Sporisorium species (Basidiomycota, Ustilaginales) based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. Can J Bot 81:976–984.
   Google Scholar
• ———, Begerow D, Oberwinkler F. 2005. Molecular phylogeny of Ustilago, Sporisorium, and related taxa based on combined analyses of rDNA sequences. Mycol Res 109:342–356.
   Google Scholar
• Swann EC, Taylor JW. 1993. Higher taxa of basidiomycetes: an 18S rRNA gene perspective. Mycologia 85:923–936.
   Google Scholar
• ———, ———. 1995. Phylogenetic diversity of yeast-producing basidiomycetes. Mycol Res 99:1205–1210.
   Google Scholar
• Swofford DL. 2002. PAUP*: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (*and other methods). Sunderland, Massachusetts: Sinauer Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Thomas PL. 1989. Barley smuts in the prairie provinces of Canada 1983–1988. Can J Plant Pathol 11:133–136.
   Google Scholar
• Thorley JL, Page RD. 2000. RadCon: phylogenetic tree comparison and consensus. Bioinformatics 16: 486–87.
   Google Scholar
• Trione EJ. 1982. Dwarf bunt of wheat and its importance in international wheat trade. Pl Dis 66:1083–1088.
   Google Scholar
• Tulasne L, Tulasne C. 1847. Mémoire sur les Ustilaginées comparées Uredinées. Ann Sci Nat Bot 3:12–127.
   Google Scholar
• Valverde ME, Paredes-Lópes O, Pataky JK, Guevara-Lara F. 1995. Huitlacoche (Ustilago maydis) as a food source-biology, composition, and production. CRC Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 35:191–229.
   Google Scholar
• Vánky K. 1994. European smut fungi. Stuttgart, Germany: Gustav Fischer Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 1996. Mycosyrinx and other pair-spored Ustilaginales. Mycoscience 37:173–185.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 2000. Taxonomical studies on Ustilaginales. 20. Mycotaxon 74:161–215.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 2001. The emended Ustilaginaceae of the modern classificatory system for smut fungi. Fung Divers 6:131–147.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 2002. Illustrated genera of smut fungi. St Paul, USA: APS Press. p 1–238.
   Google Scholar
• ———. 2003. Cintractiellaceae fam. nov. (Ustilaginomycetes). Fung Divers 13:167–173.
   Google Scholar
• Weiß M, Bauer R, Begerow D. 2004. Spotlights on heterobasidiomycetes. In: Agerer R, Blanz P, Piepen-bring M, eds. Frontiers in Basidiomycete mycology. München, Germany: IHW-Verlag. p 7–48.
   Google Scholar
• Welter K, Müller M, Mendgen K. 1988. The hyphae of Uromyces appendiculatus within the leaf tissue after high pressure freezing and freeze substitution. Protoplasma 147:91–99.
   Google Scholar
• Wille G, Mayser P, Thoma W, Monsees T, Baumgart A, Schmitz HJ, Schrenk D, Polborn K, Steglich W. 2001. Malassezin—A novel agonist of the arylhydrocarbon receptor from the yeast Malassezia furfur. Bioorg Med Chem 9:5–960.
   Google Scholar