Calcium signaling and salt tolerance are diversely entwined in plants

References

• Negrão S, Schmöckel S, Tester M. Evaluating physiological responses of plants to salinity stress. Ann. Bot. 2017;119:1–15. doi:10.1093/aob/mcw191.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qadir M, Quillérou E, Nangia V, Murtaza G, Singh M, Thomas RJ, Drechsel P, Noble AD. Economics of salt‐induced land degradation and restoration.  Nat Resour Forum. 2014;38:282–295. doi:10.1111/1477-8947.12054.
   Google Scholar
• Valenzuela CE, Acevedo-Acevedo O, Miranda GS, Vergara-Barros P, Holuigue L, Figueroa CR, Figueroa PM. Salt stress response triggers activation of the jasmonate signaling pathway leading to inhibition of cell elongation in Arabidopsis primary root. J Exp Bot. 2016;67:4209–4220. doi:10.1093/jxb/erw202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu J-K. Abiotic stress signaling and responses in plants. Cell. 2016;167:313–324. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.08.029.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu P, Magwanga R, Lu H, Kirungu J, Wei Y, Dong Q, Wang X, Cai X, Zhou Z, Wang K, et al. A novel G-protein-coupled receptors gene from upland cotton enhances salt stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. Genes. 2018;9:209. doi:10.3390/genes9040209.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bano A, Fatima M. Salt tolerance in zea mays (L). following inoculation with rhizobium and pseudomonas. Biol Fertil Soils. 2009;45:405–413. doi:10.1007/s00374-008-0344-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weimers K. Growth and phosphorus uptake of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in an alkaline soil as affected by mineral nitrogen forms and inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi, SLU, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Horticulture and Crop Production Science, Department of Biosystems and Technology. 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Keisham M, Mukherjee S, Bhatla S. Mechanisms of sodium transport in plants—progresses and challenges. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19:647. doi:10.3390/ijms19030647.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pottosin I, Dobrovinskaya O. Non-selective cation channels in plasma and vacuolar membranes and their contribution to K+ transport. J Plant Physiol. 2014;171:732–742. doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2013.11.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang W-D, Wang P, Bao Z, Ma Q, Duan L-J, Bao A-K, Zhang JL, Wang SM. SOS1, HKT1; 5, and NHX1 synergistically modulate Na+ homeostasis in the halophytic grass Puccinellia tenuiflora. Front Plant Sci. 2017;8:576.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen X, Lu X, Shu N, Wang D, Wang S, Wang J, Guo L, Guo X, Fan W, Lin Z, et al. GhSOS1, a plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter gene from upland cotton, enhances salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0181450. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0181450.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pardo JM, Rubio F. Na⁺ and K⁺ transporters in plant signaling. Transporters and pumps in plant signaling.  Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. p. 65–98. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-14369-4_3.
   Google Scholar
• Teakle NL, Tyerman SD. Mechanisms of Cl− transport contributing to salt tolerance. Plant Cell Environ. 2010;33:566–589. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.02060.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbier-Brygoo H, De Angeli A, Filleur S, Frachisse J-M, Gambale F, Thomine S, Wege S. Anion channels/transporters in plants: from molecular bases to regulatory networks. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 2011;62:25–51. doi:10.1146/annurev-arplant-042110-103741.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shabala S. Learning from halophytes: physiological basis and strategies to improve abiotic stress tolerance in crops. Ann. Bot. 2013;112:1209–1221. doi:10.1093/aob/mct205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wegner LH. Root pressure and beyond: energetically uphill water transport into xylem vessels? J Exp Bot. 2013;65:381–393. doi:10.1093/jxb/ert391.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fricke W. The significance of water co-transport for sustaining transpirational water flow in plants: a quantitative approach. J Exp Bot. 2015;66:731–739. doi:10.1093/jxb/eru466.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson SW, Wege S, Qiu J, Blackmore DH, Walker AR, Tyerman SD, Walker RR, Gilliham M. Grapevine and Arabidopsis cation-chloride cotransporters localize to the golgi and trans-golgi network and indirectly influence long-distance ion transport and plant salt tolerance. Plant Physiol. 2015;169:2215–2229. doi:10.1104/pp.15.00499.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tao -J-J, Chen H-W, Ma B, Zhang W-K, Chen S-Y, Zhang J-S. The role of ethylene in plants under salinity stress. Front Plant Sci. 2015;6:1059. doi:10.3389/fpls.2015.01059.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamiyoshihara Y, Iwata M, Fukaya T, Tatsuki M, Mori H. Turnover of LeACS2, a wound‐inducible 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid synthase in tomato, is regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation. Plant J. 2010;64:140–150. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04316.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang W, Ma X, Wan P, Liu L. Plant salt-tolerance mechanism: a review. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;495:286–291. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.043.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aldon D, Mbengue M, Mazars C, Galaud J-P. Calcium signalling in plant biotic interactions. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018;19:665. doi:10.3390/ijms19030665.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang M, Smith JAC, Harberd NP, Jiang C. The regulatory roles of ethylene and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant salt stress responses. Plant Mol Biol. 2016;91:651–659. doi:10.1007/s11103-016-0488-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verma V, Ravindran P, Kumar PP. Plant hormone-mediated regulation of stress responses. BMC Plant Biol. 2016;16:86. doi:10.1186/s12870-016-0796-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gravino M, Savatin DV, Macone A, De Lorenzo G. Ethylene production in B otrytis cinerea‐and oligogalacturonide‐induced immunity requires calcium‐dependent protein kinases. Plant J. 2015;84:1073–1086. doi:10.1111/tpj.13057.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee HY, Back K. Mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathways are required for melatonin‐mediated defense responses in plants. J Pineal Res. 2016;60:327–335. doi:10.1111/jpi.12314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmöckel SM, Garcia AF, Berger B, Tester M, Webb AA, Roy SJ. Different NaCl-induced calcium signatures in the Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes Col-0 and C24. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0117564. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117564.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng W, Kita D, Peaucelle A, Cartwright HN, Doan V, Duan Q, Liu M-C, Maman J, Steinhorst L, Schmitz-Thom I, et al. The FERONIA receptor kinase maintains cell-wall integrity during salt stress through Ca2+ signaling. Curr Biol. 2018;28:666–75. e5. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.01.023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu H. Plant salt tolerance and Na+ sensing and transport. Crop J. 2018;6:215–225. doi:10.1016/j.cj.2018.01.003.
   Google Scholar
• Zörb C, Mühling KH, Kutschera U, Geilfus C-M. Salinity stiffens the epidermal cell walls of salt-stressed maize leaves: is the epidermis growth-restricting? PLoS One. 2015;10:e0118406. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118406.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geilfus C-M. Expansin expression and apoplastic pH in expanding leaves under NaCl stress. Christian-Albrechts Universität Kiel, Germany; 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Dinneny JR, Long TA, Wang JY, Jung JW, Mace D, Pointer S, Barron C, Brady SM, Schiefelbein J, Benfey PN. Cell identity mediates the response of Arabidopsis roots to abiotic stress. Science. 2008;320:942–945. doi:10.1126/science.1153795.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okubo-Kurihara E, Ohtani M, Kurihara Y, Kakegawa K, Kobayashi M, Nagata N, Komatsu T, Kikuchi J, Cutler S, Demura T, et al. Modification of plant cell wall structure accompanied by enhancement of saccharification efficiency using a chemical, lasalocid sodium. Sci Rep. 2016;6:34602. doi:10.1038/srep34602.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tran L-SP, Urao T, Qin F, Maruyama K, Kakimoto T, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K Functional analysis of AHK1/ATHK1 and cytokinin receptor histidine kinases in response to abscisic acid, drought, and salt stress in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007; 104:20623–20628. 10.1073/pnas.0706547105
   Google Scholar
• Zhu J-K. Regulation of ion homeostasis under salt stress. Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2003;6:441–445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marin K, Suzuki I, Yamaguchi K, Ribbeck K, Yamamoto H, Kanesaki Y, Hagemann M, Murata N Identification of histidine kinases that act as sensors in the perception of salt stress in synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2003;100:9061–9066. https://www.scimagojr.com/journalsearch.php?q=21121&tip=sid.
   Google Scholar
• Jin Y, Jing W, Zhang Q, Zhang W. Cyclic nucleotide gated channel 10 negatively regulates salt tolerance by mediating Na+ transport in Arabidopsis. J Plant Res. 2015;128:211–220. doi:10.1007/s10265-014-0679-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González-Fontes A, Navarro-Gochicoa MT, Ceacero CJ, Herrera-Rodríguez MB, Camacho-Cristóbal JJ, Rexach J. Understanding calcium transport and signaling, and its use efficiency in vascular plants. Plant Macronutrient Use Efficiency: Elsevier; 2017. p. 165–180. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-811308-0.00009-0
   Google Scholar
• Finka A, Cuendet AFH, Maathuis FJ, Saidi Y, Goloubinoff P. Plasma membrane cyclic nucleotide gated calcium channels control land plant thermal sensing and acquired thermotolerance. Plant Cell. 2012;24:3333–3348. doi:10.1105/tpc.112.095844.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischer C, DeFalco TA, Karia P, Snedden WA, Moeder W, Yoshioka K, Dietrich P. Calmodulin as a Ca2+-sensing subunit of Arabidopsis cyclic nucleotide-gated channel complexes. Plant Cell Physiol. 2017;58:1208–1221. doi:10.1093/pcp/pcx052.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang P, Li Z, Wei J, Zhao Z, Sun D, Cui S. A Na+/Ca2+ exchanger-like protein (AtNCL) involved in salt stress in Arabidopsis. J Biol Chem. 2012;287:44062–44070. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112.351643.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shabala S, Wu H, Bose J. Salt stress sensing and early signalling events in plant roots: current knowledge and hypothesis. Plant Sci. 2015;241:109–119. doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.10.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li P, Zhang G, Gonzales N, Guo Y, Hu H, Park S, Zhao J. Ca2+‐regulated and diurnal rhythm‐regulated Na+/Ca2+ exchanger AtNCL affects flowering time and auxin signalling in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Environ. 2016;39:377–392. doi:10.1111/pce.v39.2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang WY, Alvarez S, Lee YK, Kondo Y, Chung JK, Lam HYM, Kuriyan J, Groves JT. Molecular timing of membrane signaling reactions. Biophys J. 2018;114:202a. doi:10.1016/j.bpj.2017.11.1130.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ji H, Pardo JM, Batelli G, Van Oosten MJ, Bressan RA, Li X. The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway: established and emerging roles. Mol Plant. 2013;6:275–286. doi:10.1093/mp/sst017.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Julkowska MM, Testerink C. Tuning plant signaling and growth to survive salt. Trends Plant Sci. 2015;20:586–594. doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2015.06.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quan R, Wang J, Yang D, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Huang R. EIN3 and SOS2 synergistically modulate plant salt tolerance. Sci Rep. 2017;7:44637. doi:10.1038/srep44637.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cramer GR. Sodium-calcium interactions under salinity stress. Salinity: environment-plants-molecules.Dordrecht: Springer; 2002. p. 205–227. doi:10.1007/0-306-48155-3_10.
   Google Scholar
• Lynch J, Polito VS, Läuchli AJPP. Salinity stress increases cytoplasmic Ca activity in maize root protoplasts. Plant Physiol. 1989;90:1271–1274. doi:10.1104/pp.90.4.1271.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knight H, Trewavas AJ, Knight MRJTPC. Cold calcium signaling in Arabidopsis involves two cellular pools and a change in calcium signature after acclimation. Plant J. 1996;8:489–503.
   Google Scholar
• Steinhorst L, Kudla J. Signaling in cells and organisms—calcium holds the line. Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2014;22:14–21. doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2014.08.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boudsocq M, Sheen J. Stress signaling II: calcium sensing and signaling. Abiotic Stress Adaptation in Plants.Dordrecht: Springer; 2009. p. 75–90. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-3112-9_4.
   Google Scholar
• Wan S, Wang W, Zhou T, Zhang Y, Chen J, Xiao B, Yang Y, Yu Y. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the molecular mechanisms of Camellia sinensis in response to salt stress. Plant Growth Regul. 2018;84:481–492. doi:10.1007/s10725-017-0354-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fasani E, DalCorso G, Costa A, Zenoni S, Furini AJPMB. The Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factor MYB59 regulates calcium signalling during plant growth and stress response. Plant Mol Biol. 2019;99:517–534.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saidi Y, Finka A, Muriset M, Bromberg Z, Weiss YG, Maathuis FJ, Goloubinoff P. The heat shock response in moss plants is regulated by specific calcium-permeable channels in the plasma membrane. Plant Cell. 2009;21:2829–2843. doi:10.1105/tpc.108.065318.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stephan AB, Kunz -H-H, Yang E, Schroeder J. Rapid hyperosmotic-induced Ca2+ responses in Arabidopsis thaliana exhibit sensory potentiation and involvement of plastidial KEA transporters. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016;113:E5242–E9. doi:10.1073/pnas.1519555113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilkins KA, Matthus E, Swarbreck SM, Davies J. Calcium-mediated abiotic stress signaling in roots. Front Plant Sci. 2016;7:1296. doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.01296.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knight H, Trewavas AJ, Knight MRJTPJ. Calcium signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana responding to drought and salinity. Plant J. 1997;12:1067–1078. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.1997.12051067.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tracy FE, Gilliham M, Dodd AN, Webb AA, Tester MJP. cell, environment. NaCl‐induced changes in cytosolic free Ca2+ in Arabidopsis thaliana are heterogeneous and modified by external ionic composition. Plant Cell Environ. 2008;31:1063–1073. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01817.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miseta A, Kellermayer R, Aiello DP, Fu L, Bedwell D. The vacuolar Ca2+/H+ exchanger Vcx1p/Hum1p tightly controls cytosolic Ca2+ levels in S. cerevisiae. FEBS Lett. 1999;451:132–136. doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(99)00519-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chakraborty K, Basak N, Bhaduri D, Ray S, Vijayan J, Chattopadhyay K, Sarkar RK. Ionic basis of salt tolerance in plants: nutrient homeostasis and oxidative stress tolerance. Plant Nutrients and Abiotic Stress Tolerance.Singapore: Springer; 2018. p. 325–362. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-9044-8_14.
   Google Scholar
• Sze H, Liang F, Hwang I, Curran AC, Harper J. Diversity and regulation of plant Ca2+ pumps: insights from expression in yeast. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol. 2000;51:433–462. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.51.1.433.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yokoi S, Bressan RA, Hasegawa P. Salt stress tolerance of plants. JIRCAS. 2002;23:25–33.
   Google Scholar
• Munns R, James RA, Läuchli A. Approaches to increasing the salt tolerance of wheat and other cereals. J Exp Bot. 2006;57:1025–1043. doi:10.1093/jxb/erj100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flowers T, Koyama M, Flowers S, Sudhakar C, Singh K, Yeo A. QTL: their place in engineering tolerance of rice to salinity. J Exp Bot. 2000;51:99–106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luan S, Lan W, Lee S. Potassium nutrition, sodium toxicity, and calcium signaling: connections through the CBL–CIPK network. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2009. Vol. 12. p. 339–346.
   Google Scholar
• Tuteja N. Mechanisms of high salinity tolerance in plants. Methods in enzymology. Elsevier; 2007. Vol.428. p. 419–438. doi:10.1016/S0076-6879(07)28024-3.
   Google Scholar
• Nikalje CG, Nikam DT, Suprasanna P. Looking at halophytic adaptation to high salinity through genomics landscape. Curr Genomics. 2017;18:542–552. doi:10.2174/1389202918666170228143007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan F, Yang H, Xue Y, Kong D, Ye R, Li C, Zhang J, Theprungsirikul L, Shrift T, Krichilsky B, Johnson DM. OSCA1 mediates osmotic-stress-evoked Ca2+ increases vital for osmosensing in Arabidopsis. Nature. 2014;514:367–371.
   Google Scholar
• Chinnusamy V, Jagendorf A, Zhu J-KJCS. Understanding and improving salt tolerance in plants. Crop Sci. 2005;45:437–448. doi:10.2135/cropsci2005.0437.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lv S, Jiang P, Tai F, Wang D, Feng J, Fan P, Bao H, Li Y. The V-ATPase subunit A is essential for salt tolerance through participating in vacuolar Na+ compartmentalization in Salicornia europaea. Planta. 2017;246:1177–1187. doi:10.1007/s00425-017-2762-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi W-G, Toyota M, Kim S-H, Hilleary R, Gilroy S. Salt stress-induced Ca2+ waves are associated with rapid, long-distance root-to-shoot signaling in plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2014;111:6497–6502. doi:10.1073/pnas.1319955111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben-Johny M, Dick EI, Sang L, Limpitikul BW, Wei KP, Niu J, Banerjee R, Yang W, Babich JS, Issa JB, et al. Towards a unified theory of calmodulin regulation (calmodulation) of voltage-gated calcium and sodium channels. Curr Mol Pharmacol. 2015;8:188–205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu Q, An L, Li W. The CBL–CIPK network mediates different signaling pathways in plants. Plant Cell Rep. 2014;33:203–214. doi:10.1007/s00299-013-1507-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lan W-Z, Wang W, Wang S-M, Li L-G, Buchanan BB, Lin H-X, Gao JP, Luan S. A rice high-affinity potassium transporter (HKT) conceals a calcium-permeable cation channel. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2010;107 (15):7089–7094. doi:10.1073/pnas.1000698107.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schachtman DP, Schroeder JIJN. Structure and transport mechanism of a high-affinity potassium uptake transporter from higher plants. Nature. 1994;370:655. doi:10.1038/370655a0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang TT, Ren ZJ, Liu ZQ, Feng X, Guo RQ, Li BG, Li L-G, Jing H-C. SbHKT1; 4, a member of the high‐affinity potassium transporter gene family from Sorghum bicolor, functions to maintain optimal Na+/K+ balance under Na+ stress. J Integr Plant Biol. 2014;56:315–332. doi:10.1111/jipb.12144.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amtmann A, Sanders D. Mechanisms of Na+ uptake by plant cells. Advances in botanical research. 1998;29:75–112. doi:10.1016/S0065-2296(08)60310-9.
   Google Scholar
• Luan S, Kudla J, Rodriguez-Concepcion M, Yalovsky S, Gruissem WJTPC. Calmodulins and calcineurin B–like proteins: calcium sensors for specific signal response coupling in plants. Plant Cell. 2002;14:S389–S400. doi:10.1105/tpc.001115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang X, Wang T, Liu M, Sun W, W-HJE Z, Botany E. Calmodulin-like gene MtCML40 is involved in salt tolerance by regulating MtHKTs transporters in medicago truncatula. Environ Exp Bot. 2019;157:79–90. doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2018.09.022.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang Y, Guan C, Liu Y, Chen B, Yuan S, Cui X, Zhang Y, Yang F. Enhanced growth performance and salinity tolerance in transgenic switchgrass via overexpressing vacuolar Na+ (K+)/H+ antiporter gene (PvNHX1). Front Plant Sci. 2017;8:458.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li N, Wang X, Ma B, Du C, Zheng L, Wang Y. Expression of a Na+/H+ antiporter RtNHX1 from a recretohalophyte reaumuria trigyna improved salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. J Plant Physiol. 2017;218:109–120. doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2017.07.015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan MS, Ahmad D, Khan MA. Trends in genetic engineering of plants with (Na+/H+) antiporters for salt stress tolerance. Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip. 2015;29:815–825. doi:10.1080/13102818.2015.1060868.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bassil E, Ohto M-A, Esumi T, Tajima H, Zhu Z, Cagnac O, Belmonte M, Peleg Z, Yamaguchi T, Blumwald E. The Arabidopsis intracellular Na+/H+ antiporters NHX5 and NHX6 are endosome associated and necessary for plant growth and development. Plant Cell. 2011, 23(1):224–239 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hasegawa PM, Bressan RA, Zhu J-K, Bohnert H. Plant cellular and molecular responses to high salinity. Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol. 2000;51:463–499. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.51.1.463.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munns R, Tester MJARPB. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2008;59:651–681. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092911.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein EJPP. The essential role of calcium in selective cation transport by plant cells. Plant Physiol. 1961;36:437. doi:10.1104/pp.36.4.437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kramer G, Lynch J, Epstein EJPP. Influx of Na, K and Ca into roots of saltstressed cotton seedlings. Plant Physiol. 1987;83:510–516. doi:10.1104/pp.83.3.510.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu J, Zhu J-KJS. A calcium sensor homolog required for plant salt tolerance. Science. 1998;280:1943–1945. doi:10.1126/science.280.5371.1943.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu J, Ishitani M, Halfter U, Kim C-S, Zhu J-K. The Arabidopsis thaliana SOS2 gene encodes a protein kinase that is required for salt tolerance. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000. 97:3730–3734.
   Google Scholar
• Shi H, Ishitani M, Kim C, Zhu J-K. The Arabidopsis thaliana salt tolerance gene SOS1 encodes a putative Na+/H+ antiporter. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2000;97:6896–6901. doi:10.1073/pnas.120170197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsumoto TK, Ellsmore AJ, Cessna SG, Low PS, Pardo JM, Bressan RA, Hasegawa PM. An osmotically induced cytosolic Ca2+ transient activates calcineurin signaling to mediate ion homeostasis and salt tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:33075–33080. doi:10.1074/jbc.M205037200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mansouri M, Naghavi MR, Alizadeh H, Mohammadi-Nejad G, Mousavi SA, Salekdeh GH, Tada Y. Transcriptomic analysis of aegilops tauschii during long-term salinity stress. Funct Integr Genomics. 2019;19:13–28. doi:10.1007/s10142-018-0623-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Batistic O, Kudla JJP. Integration and channeling of calcium signaling through the CBL calcium sensor/CIPK protein kinase network. Planta. 2004;219:915–924. doi:10.1007/s00425-004-1333-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao X, Wei P, Liu Z, Yu B, Shi H. Soybean Na+/H+ antiporter GmsSOS1 enhances antioxidant enzyme activity and reduces Na+ accumulation in Arabidopsis and yeast cells under salt stress. Acta Physiol Plant. 2017;39:19. doi:10.1007/s11738-016-2323-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feki K, Tounsi S, Masmoudi K, Brini F. The durum wheat plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter SOS1 is involved in oxidative stress response. Protoplasma. 2017;254:1725–1734. doi:10.1007/s00709-016-1066-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumari PH, Kumar SA, Sivan P, Katam R, Suravajhala P, Rao K, Varshney RK, Kishor PBK. Overexpression of a plasma membrane bound Na+/H+ antiporter-like protein (SbNHXLP) confers salt tolerance and improves fruit yield in tomato by maintaining ion homeostasis. Front Plant Sci. 2017;7:2027. doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.02027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu Q-S, Guo Y, Dietrich MA, Schumaker KS, Zhu J-K. Regulation of SOS1, a plasma membrane Na+/H+ exchanger in Arabidopsis thaliana, by SOS2 and SOS3. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2002;99:8436–8441. doi:10.1073/pnas.122224699.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng N-H, Pittman JK, Zhu J-K, Hirschi K. The protein kinase SOS2 activates the Arabidopsis H+/Ca2+ antiporter CAX1 to integrate calcium transport and salt tolerance. J Biol Chem. 2004;279:2922–2926. doi:10.1074/jbc.M309084200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu J-K. Salt and drought stress signal transduction in plants. Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2002;53:247–273. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.53.091401.143329.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu J-K. Regulation of ion homeostasis under salt stress. Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2003;6:441–445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Türkan I, Demiral TJE, Botany E. Recent developments in understanding salinity tolerance. Environmental and Experimental Botany 2009;67:2–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu DG, Ma QJ, Sun CH, Sun MH, You CX, Hao YJ. Overexpression of MdSOS2L1, a CIPK protein kinase, increases the antioxidant metabolites to enhance salt tolerance in apple and tomato. Physiol Plant. 2016;156:201–214. doi:10.1111/ppl.12354.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim BG, Waadt R, Cheong YH, Pandey GK, Dominguez‐Solis JR, Schültke S, Lee SC, Kudla J, Luan S. The calcium sensor CBL10 mediates salt tolerance by regulating ion homeostasis in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 2007;52:473–484. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2007.03249.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albrecht V, Weinl S, Blazevic D, D’angelo C, Batistic O, Kolukisaoglu Ü, Bock R, Schulz B, Harter K, Kudla J. The calcium sensor CBL1 integrates plant responses to abiotic stresses. Plant J. 2003;36:457–470. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.2003.01892.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheong YH, Kim K-N, Pandey GK, Gupta R, Grant JJ, Luan SJTPC. CBL1, a calcium sensor that differentially regulates salt, drought, and cold responses in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 2003;15:1833–1845. doi:10.1105/tpc.012393.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pandey GK, Cheong YH, Kim K-N, Grant JJ, Li L, Hung W, D’Angelo C, Weinl S, Kudla J, Luan S. The calcium sensor calcineurin B-like 9 modulates abscisic acid sensitivity and biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 2004;16:1912–1924. doi:10.1105/tpc.021311.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Apse MP, Aharon GS, Snedden WA, Blumwald EJS. Salt tolerance conferred by overexpression of a vacuolar Na+/H+ antiport in Arabidopsis. Science. 1999;285:1256–1258. doi:10.1126/science.285.5431.1256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quan R, Lin H, Mendoza I, Zhang Y, Cao W, Yang Y, Shang M, Chen S, Pardo JM, Guo Y. SCABP8/CBL10, a putative calcium sensor, interacts with the protein kinase SOS2 to protect Arabidopsis shoots from salt stress. Plant Cell. 2007;19:1415–1431. doi:10.1105/tpc.106.042291.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin H, Yang Y, Quan R, Mendoza I, Wu Y, Du W, Zhao S, Schumaker KS, Pardo JM, Guo Y. Phosphorylation of SOS3-LIKE CALCIUM BINDING PROTEIN8 by SOS2 protein kinase stabilizes their protein complex and regulates salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 2009;21:1607–1619. doi:10.1105/tpc.109.066217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ren XL, Qi GN, Feng HQ, Zhao S, Zhao SS, Wang Y, Wu W-H. Calcineurin B‐like protein CBL 10 directly interacts with AKT1 and modulates K+ homeostasis in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 2013;74:258–266. doi:10.1111/tpj.12123.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pandey N, Ranjan A, Pant P, Tripathi RK, Ateek F, Pandey HP, Lo AC, D’Hooge R, Steer CJ, Thibodeau SN, et al. CAMTA 1 regulates drought responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC Genomics. 2013;14:216. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-14-181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoo JH, Park CY, Kim JC, Do Heo W, Cheong MS, Park HC, Kim MC, Moon BC, Choi MS, Kang YH, et al. Direct interaction of a divergent CaM isoform and the transcription factor, MYB2, enhances salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. J Biol Chem. 2005;280:3697–3706. doi:10.1074/jbc.M408237200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang DW, Sherman BT, Lempicki R. Systematic and integrative analysis of large gene lists using DAVID bioinformatics resources. Nat Protoc. 2008;4:44. doi:10.1038/nprot.2008.211.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aliniaeifard S, van Meeteren U. Can prolonged exposure to low VPD disturb the ABA signalling in stomatal guard cells? J Exp Bot. 2013;64:3551–3566. doi:10.1093/jxb/ert192.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang W-H, Yi X-Q, Han A-D, Liu T-W, Chen J, Wu F-H, Dong X-J, He J-X, Pei Z-M, Zheng H-L. Calcium-sensing receptor regulates stomatal closure through hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide in response to extracellular calcium in Arabidopsis. J Exp Bot. 2011;63:177–190. doi:10.1093/jxb/err259.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McAinsh MR, Evans NH, Montgomery LT, North KA. Calcium signalling in stomatal responses to pollutants. New Phytol. 2002;153:441–447. doi:10.1046/j.0028-646X.2001.00336.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monihan SM, Ryu C-H, Magness CA, Schumaker K. Linking duplication of a calcium sensor to salt tolerance in Eutrema salsugineum. Plant Physiol. 2018;2019:01400.
   Google Scholar
• Aliniaeifard S, Hajilou J, Tabatabaei SJ, Sifi-Kalhor M. Effects of ascorbic acid and reduced glutathione on the alleviation of salinity stress in olive plants. Int J Fruit Sci. 2016;16:395–409. doi:10.1080/15538362.2015.1137533.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tester M, Davenport R. Na+ tolerance and Na+ transport in higher plants. Ann Bot. 2003;91:503–527. doi:10.1093/aob/mcg058.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sathee L, Sairam RK, Chinnusamy V, Jha S. Differential transcript abundance of salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway genes is a determinant of salinity stress tolerance of wheat. Acta Physiol Plant. 2015;37:169. doi:10.1007/s11738-015-1910-z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakamura T, Liu Y, Hirata D, Namba H, Harada S-I, Hirokawa T, Miyakawa T. Protein phosphatase type 2B (calcineurin)‐mediated, FK506‐sensitive regulation of intracellular ions in yeast is an important determinant for adaptation to high salt stress conditions. Embo J. 1993;12:4063–4071.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehlmer N, Wurzinger B, Stael S, Hofmann‐Rodrigues D, Csaszar E, Pfister B, Bayer R, Teige M. The Ca(2+</sup>++) -dependent protein kinase CPK3 is required for MAPK-independent salt-stress acclimation in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 2010;63:484–498. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04257.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang J, Ma S, Ye N, Jiang M, Cao J, Zhang J. WRKY transcription factors in plant responses to stresses. J Integr Plant Biol. 2017;59:86–101. doi:10.1111/jipb.12513.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park CY, Lee JH, Yoo JH, Moon BC, Choi MS, Kang YH, Lee SM, Kim HS, Kang KY, Chung WS, et al. WRKY group IId transcription factors interact with calmodulin. FEBS Lett. 2005;579:1545–1550. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2005.01.057.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan H, Jia H, Chen X, Hao L, An H, Guo XJP The cotton WRKY transcription factor GhWRKY17 functions in drought and salt stress in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana through ABA signaling and the modulation of reactive oxygen species production. Plant Cell Physiol. 2014;55:2060–2076. doi:10.1093/pcp/pcu133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang Y, Deyholos M. Functional characterization of Arabidopsis NaCl-inducible WRKY25 and WRKY33 transcription factors in abiotic stresses. Plant Mol Biol. 2009;69:91–105. doi:10.1007/s11103-008-9408-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eulgem T, Somssich I. Networks of WRKY transcription factors in defense signaling. Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2007;10:366–371. doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2007.04.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan X-D, Wang J-Q, Yang N, Dong -Y-Y, Liu L, Wang F-W, Wang N, Chen H, Liu W-C, Sun Y-P, et al. Gene expression profiling of soybean leaves and roots under salt, saline–alkali and drought stress by high-throughput illumina sequencing. Gene. 2013;512:392–402. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2012.09.100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pathak MR, Teixeira Da Silva JA, Wani SH. Polyamines in response to abiotic stress tolerance through transgenic approaches. GM Crops Food. 2014;5:87–96. doi:10.4161/gmcr.28774.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gupta K, Dey A, Gupta B. Plant polyamines in abiotic stress responses. Acta Physiol Plant. 2013;35:2015–2036. doi:10.1007/s11738-013-1239-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen D, Shao Q, Yin L, Younis A, Zheng B. Polyamine function in plants: metabolism, regulation on development, and roles in abiotic stress responses. Front Plant Sci. 2018;9:1945. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01945.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gill SS, Tuteja N. Polyamines and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Plant Signal Behav. 2010;5:26–33. doi:10.4161/psb.5.1.10291.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shi H, Chan Z. Improvement of plant abiotic stress tolerance through modulation of the polyamine pathway. J Integr Plant Biol. 2014;56:114–121. doi:10.1111/jipb.12128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu J, Nakajima I, Moriguchi T. Effects of salt and osmotic stresses on free polyamine content and expression of polyamine biosynthetic genes in Vitis vinifera. Biol. Plant. 2011;55:340–344. doi:10.1007/s10535-011-0050-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu J-H, Nada K, Honda C, Kitashiba H, Wen X-P, Pang X-M, Moriguchi T. Polyamine biosynthesis of apple callus under salt stress: importance of the arginine decarboxylase pathway in stress response. J Exp Bot. 2006;57:2589–2599. doi:10.1093/jxb/erl018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Do PT, Drechsel O, Heyer AG, Hincha DK, Zuther E. Changes in free polyamine levels, expression of polyamine biosynthesis genes, and performance of rice cultivars under salt stress: a comparison with responses to drought. Front Plant Sci. 2014;5:182. doi:10.3389/fpls.2014.00182.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eom SH, Lee JK, Kim D-H, Kim H, Jang K-I, Ryu H, Hyun TK. Identification and expression profiling of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) polyamine oxidase genes in response to stimuli. Acta Bot Croat. 2018;77:97–101. doi:10.1515/botcro-2017-0022.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seifikalhor M, Aliniaeifard S, Hassani B, Niknam V, Lastochkina O. Diverse role of γ-aminobutyric acid in dynamic plant cell responses. Plant Cell Rep. 2019;30:847–867. doi:10.1007/s00299-019-02396-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marco F, Alcazar R, Tiburcio AF, Carrasco P. Interactions between polyamines and abiotic stress pathway responses unraveled by transcriptome analysis of polyamine overproducers. OMICS. 2011;15:775–781. doi:10.1089/omi.2011.0084.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalhor MS, Aliniaeifard S, Seif M, Asayesh EJ, Bernard F, Hassani B, Li T. Title: enhanced salt tolerance and photosynthetic performance: implication of ɤ-amino butyric acid application in salt-exposed lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) plants. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2018;130:157–172. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.07.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao F, Song C-P, He J, Zhu H. Polyamines improve K+/Na+ homeostasis in barley seedlings by regulating root ion channel activities. Plant Physiol. 2007;145:1061–1072. doi:10.1104/pp.107.105882.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velarde-Buendía AM, Shabala S, Cvikrova M, Dobrovinskaya O, Pottosin I. Salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant barley varieties differ in the extent of potentiation of the ROS-induced K+ efflux by polyamines. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2012;61:18–23. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.09.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garufi A, Visconti S, Camoni L, Aducci P. Polyamines as physiological regulators of 14-3-3 interaction with the plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase. Plant Cell Physiol. 2007;48:434–440. doi:10.1093/pcp/pcm010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saha J, Brauer EK, Sengupta A, Popescu SC, Gupta K, Gupta B. Polyamines as redox homeostasis regulators during salt stress in plants. Front. Environ. Sci. 2015;3:21. doi:10.3389/fenvs.2015.00021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shabala S, Cuin TA, Pottosin I. Polyamines prevent NaCl‐induced K+ efflux from pea mesophyll by blocking non‐selective cation channels. FEBS Lett. 2007;581:1993–1999. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2007.04.032.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alcázar R, Altabella T, Marco F, Bortolotti C, Reymond M, Koncz C, Carrasco P, Tiburcio AF. Polyamines: molecules with regulatory functions in plant abiotic stress tolerance. Planta. 2010;231:1237–1249. doi:10.1007/s00425-010-1130-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zepeda-Jazo I, Velarde-Buendía AM, Enríquez-Figueroa R, Bose J, Shabala S, Muñiz-Murguía J, Pottosin II. Polyamines interact with hydroxyl radicals in activating Ca(2+++) and K(+) transport across the root epidermal plasma membranes. Plant Physiol. 2011;157:2167–2180. doi:10.1104/pp.111.179671.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pottosin I, Velarde-Buendía AM, Bose J, Fuglsang AT, Shabala S. Polyamines cause plasma membrane depolarization, activate Ca2+-, and modulate H+-ATPase pump activity in pea roots. J Exp Bot. 2014;65:2463–2472. doi:10.1093/jxb/eru133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pottosin I, Shabala S. Polyamines control of cation transport across plant membranes: implications for ion homeostasis and abiotic stress signaling. Front Plant Sci. 2014;5:154. doi:10.3389/fpls.2014.00154.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pottosin I, Velarde-Buendía A-M, Zepeda-Jazo I, Dobrovinskaya O, Shabala S. Synergism between polyamines and ROS in the induction of Ca2+ and K+ fluxes in roots. Plant Signal Behav. 2012;7:1084–1087. doi:10.4161/psb.21185.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pottosin I, Velarde-Buendía AM, Bose J, Zepeda-Jazo I, Shabala S, Dobrovinskaya O. Cross-talk between reactive oxygen species and polyamines in regulation of ion transport across the plasma membrane: implications for plant adaptive responses. J Exp Bot. 2014;65:1271–1283. doi:10.1093/jxb/ert423.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sami F, Faizan M, Faraz A, Siddiqui H, Yusuf M, Hayat S. Nitric oxide-mediated integrative alterations in plant metabolism to confer abiotic stress tolerance, NO crosstalk with phytohormones and NO-mediated post translational modifications in modulating diverse plant stress. Nitric Oxide. 2018;73:22–38. doi:10.1016/j.niox.2017.12.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lombardo MC, Lamattina L. Abscisic acid and nitric oxide modulate cytoskeleton organization, root hair growth and ectopic hair formation in Arabidopsis. Nitric Oxide. 2018;80:89–97. doi:10.1016/j.niox.2018.09.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He J, Ren Y, Chen X, Chen H. Protective roles of nitric oxide on seed germination and seedling growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under cadmium stress. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2014;108:114–119. doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.05.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang P, Du Y, Hou Y-J, Zhao Y, Hsu -C-C, Yuan F, Zhu X, Tao WA, Song C-P, Zhu J-K. Nitric oxide negatively regulates abscisic acid signaling in guard cells by S-nitrosylation of OST1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015;112:613–618. doi:10.1073/pnas.1423481112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khurana A, Kumar R, Babbar SB. Nitric oxide is involved in salicylic acid-induced flowering of lemna aequinoctialis welw. Acta Physiol Plant. 2014;36:2827–2833. doi:10.1007/s11738-014-1600-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hichri I, Boscari A, Castella C, Rovere M, Puppo A, Brouquisse R. Nitric oxide: a multifaceted regulator of the nitrogen-fixing symbiosis. J Exp Bot. 2015;66:2877–2887. doi:10.1093/jxb/erv051.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang W, Sheng X, Shu Z, Li D, Pan J, Ye X, Chang P, Li X, Wang Y. Combined cytological and transcriptomic analysis reveals a nitric oxide signaling pathway involved in cold-inhibited camellia sinensis pollen tube growth. Front Plant Sci. 2016;7:456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siddiqui MH, Al-Whaibi MH, Basalah MO. Role of nitric oxide in tolerance of plants to abiotic stress. Protoplasma. 2011;248:447–455. doi:10.1007/s00709-010-0206-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu Y, Sun X, Jin J, Zhou H. Protective effect of nitric oxide on light-induced oxidative damage in leaves of tall fescue. J Plant Physiol. 2010;167:512–518. doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2009.10.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puyaubert J, Baudouin E. New clues for a cold case: nitric oxide response to low temperature. Plant Cell Environ. 2014;37:2623–2630. doi:10.1111/pce.12329.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hasanuzzaman M, Nahar K, Alam MM, Fujita M. Exogenous nitric oxide alleviates high temperature induced oxidative stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings by modulating the antioxidant defense and glyoxalase system. Aust J Crop Sci. 2012;6:1314.
   Google Scholar
• París R, Lamattina L, Casalongué CA. Nitric oxide promotes the wound-healing response of potato leaflets. Plant Physiolo Biochem. 2007;45:80–86. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2006.12.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmad P, Abdel Latef AA, Hashem A, Abd_Allah EF, Gucel S, Tran L-SP. Nitric oxide mitigates salt stress by regulating levels of osmolytes and antioxidant enzymes in chickpea. Front Plant Sci. 2016;7:347. doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.00347.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wimalasekera R, Tebartz F, Scherer GF. Polyamines, polyamine oxidases and nitric oxide in development, abiotic and biotic stresses. Plant Sci. 2011;181:593–603. doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.04.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santolini J, André F, Jeandroz S, Wendehenne D. Nitric oxide synthase in plants: where do we stand? Nitric Oxide. 2017;63:30–38. doi:10.1016/j.niox.2016.09.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreau M, Lee GI, Wang Y, Crane BR, Klessig DF. AtNOS/AtNOA1 is a functional Arabidopsis thaliana cGTPase and not a nitric-oxide synthase. J Biol Chem. 2008;283:32957–32967. doi:10.1074/jbc.M804838200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Domingos P, Prado AM, Wong A, Gehring C, Feijo JA. Nitric oxide: a multitasked signaling gas in plants. Mol Plant. 2015;8:506–520. doi:10.1016/j.molp.2014.12.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weidinger A, Kozlov A. Biological activities of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: oxidative stress versus signal transduction. Biomolecules. 2015;5:472–484. doi:10.3390/biom5020472.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanz L, Albertos P, Mateos I, Sánchez-Vicente I, Lechón T, Fernández-Marcos M, Lorenzo O. Nitric oxide (NO) and phytohormones crosstalk during early plant development. J Exp Bot. 2015;66:2857–2868. doi:10.1093/jxb/erv213.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan MN, Mohammad F, Mobin M, Saqib MA. Tolerance of plants to abiotic stress: a role of nitric oxide and calcium. Nitric oxide in plants: metabolism and role in stress physiology.Cham: Springer; 2014. p. 225–242. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-06710-0_14.
   Google Scholar
• Courtois C, Besson A, Dahan J, Bourque S, Dobrowolska G, Pugin A, Wendehenne D. Nitric oxide signalling in plants: interplays with Ca2+ and protein kinases. J Exp Bot. 2008;59:155–163. doi:10.1093/jxb/erm197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niu L, Yu J, Liao W, Yu J, Zhang M, Dawuda MM. Calcium and calmodulin are involved in nitric oxide-induced adventitious rooting of cucumber under simulated osmotic stress. Front Plant Sci. 2017;8:1684. doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.01684.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma W, Smigel A, Tsai Y-C, Braam J, Berkowitz GA. Innate immunity signaling: cytosolic Ca2+ elevation is linked to downstream nitric oxide generation through the action of calmodulin or a calmodulin-like protein. Plant Physiol. 2008;148:818–828. doi:10.1104/pp.108.125104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zaidi I, Ebel C, Belgaroui N, Ghorbel M, Amara I, Hanin M. The wheat MAP kinase phosphatase 1 alleviates salt stress and increases antioxidant activities in Arabidopsis. J Plant Physiol. 2016;193:12–21. doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2016.01.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen ZH, Wang Y, Wang JW, Babla M, Zhao C, García‐Mata C, Sani E, Differ C, Mak M, Hills A, et al. Nitrate reductase mutation alters potassium nutrition as well as nitric oxide‐mediated control of guard cell ion channels in Arabidopsis. New Phytol. 2016;209:1456–1469. doi:10.1111/nph.13714.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laxalt AM, García-Mata C, Lamattina L. The dual role of nitric oxide in guard cells: promoting and attenuating the ABA and phospholipid-derived signals leading to the stomatal closure. Front Plant Sci. 2016;7:476. doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.00476.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamotte O, Courtois C, Dobrowolska G, Besson A, Pugin A, Wendehenne D. Mechanisms of nitric-oxide-induced increase of free cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 2006;40:1369–1376. doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.12.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corpas FJ, Barroso JB, Carreras A, Quirós M, León AM, Romero-Puertas MC, Esteban FJ, Valderrama R, Palma JM, Sandalio LM, et al. Cellular and subcellular localization of endogenous nitric oxide in young and senescent pea plants. Plant Physiol. 2004;136:2722–2733. doi:10.1104/pp.104.042812.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corpas FJ, Barroso JB, Carreras A, Valderrama R, Palma JM, León AM, Sandalio LM, Del Río LA. Constitutive arginine-dependent nitric oxide synthase activity in different organs of pea seedlings during plant development. Planta. 2006;224:246–254. doi:10.1007/s00425-005-0205-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan MN, Siddiqui MH, Mohammad F, Naeem M. Interactive role of nitric oxide and calcium chloride in enhancing tolerance to salt stress. Nitric Oxide. 2012;27:210–218. doi:10.1016/j.niox.2012.07.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foyer CH, Noctor G. Redox signaling in plants. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2013;1;18(16):2087–2090. doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5278.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu S-L, Yang R-J, Ma M-D, Dan F, Zhao Y, Jiang P, Wang M-H. Effects of exogenous NO on the growth, mineral nutrient content, antioxidant system, and ATPase activities of Trifolium repens L. plants under cadmium stress. Acta Physiol Plant. 2015;37:1721. doi:10.1007/s11738-014-1721-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Wang L, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Wei Q, Zhang W. Nitric oxide enhances salt tolerance in maize seedlings through increasing activities of proton-pump and Na+/H+ antiport in the tonoplast. Planta. 2006;224:545–555. doi:10.1007/s00425-006-0242-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazid M, Khan TA, Mohammad F. Role of Nitric oxide in regulation of H2O2 mediating tolerance of plants to abiotic stress: A synergistic signaling approach. J. Stress Physiol. Biochem. 2011;34–74.
   Google Scholar
• Sheokand S, Kumari A, Sawhney V. Effect of nitric oxide and putrescine on antioxidative responses under NaCl stress in chickpea plants. Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2008;14:355–362. doi:10.1007/s12298-008-0034-y.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hasanuzzaman M, Hossain MA, Fujita M. Nitric oxide modulates antioxidant defense and the methylglyoxal detoxification system and reduces salinity-induced damage of wheat seedlings. Plant Biotechnol Rep. 2011;5:353. doi:10.1007/s11816-011-0189-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovacic P, Somanathan R. Integrated approach to nitric oxide in animals and plants (mechanism and bioactivity): cell signaling and radicals. J Recept Signal Transduct Res. 2011;31:111–120. doi:10.3109/10799893.2010.544317.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang H, Liang X, Wan Q, Wang X, Bi Y. Ethylene and nitric oxide are involved in maintaining ion homeostasis in Arabidopsis callus under salt stress. Planta. 2009;230:293–307. doi:10.1007/s00425-009-0946-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao L, Zhang F, Guo J, Yang Y, Li B, Zhang L. Nitric oxide functions as a signal in salt resistance in the calluses from two ecotypes of reed. Plant Physiol. 2004;134:849–857. doi:10.1104/pp.103.030023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pereira A. Plant abiotic stress challenges from the changing environment. Front Plant Sci. 2016;7:1123. doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.01123.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh M, Kumar J, Singh S, Singh VP, Prasad SM. Roles of osmoprotectants in improving salinity and drought tolerance in plants: a review. Rev Environ Sci Bio/Technol. 2015;14:407–426. doi:10.1007/s11157-015-9372-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nahar K, Hasanuzzaman M, Fujita M. Roles of osmolytes in plant adaptation to drought and salinity. Osmolytes and Plants Acclimation to Changing Environment: Emerging Omics Technologies.New Delhi: Springer; 2016. p. 37–68. doi:10.1007/978-81-322-2616-1_4.
   Google Scholar
• Wutipraditkul N, Wongwean P, Buaboocha T. Alleviation of salt-induced oxidative stress in rice seedlings by proline and/or glycinebetaine. Biol. Plant. 2015;59:547–553. doi:10.1007/s10535-015-0523-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Awasthi R, Bhandari K, Nayyar H. Temperature stress and redox homeostasis in agricultural crops. Front Env Sci. 2015;3:11. doi:10.3389/fenvs.2015.00011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh M, Kumar J, Singh S, Singh V, Prasad S, Singh M. Adaptation strategies of plants against heavy metal toxicity: a short review. Biochem Pharmacol (Los Angel). 2015;4:2167–2501. 1000161.
   Google Scholar
• Chen H, Jiang J-G. Osmotic adjustment and plant adaptation to environmental changes related to drought and salinity. Environ Rev. 2010;18:309–319. doi:10.1139/A10-014.
   Google Scholar
• Turan S, Cornish K, Kumar S. Salinity tolerance in plants: breeding and genetic engineering. Aust J Crop Sci. 2012;6:1337.
   Google Scholar
• Slama I, Abdelly C, Bouchereau A, Flowers T, Savoure A. Diversity, distribution and roles of osmoprotective compounds accumulated in halophytes under abiotic stress. Ann Bot. 2015;115:433–447. doi:10.1093/aob/mcu239.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szabados L, Savoure A. Proline: a multifunctional amino acid. Trends Plant Sci. 2010;15:89–97. doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2009.11.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rana V, Ram S, Nehra K. Review proline biosynthesis and its role in abiotic stress. IJAIR. 2017;6:2319–1473.
   Google Scholar
• Joseph E, Radhakrishnan V, Mohanan K. A study on the accumulation of proline-an osmoprotectant amino acid under salt stress in some native rice cultivars of North Kerala, India. Universal J Agri Res. 2015;3:15–22.
   Google Scholar
• Chen J, Zhang Y, Wang C, Lü W, Jin JB, Hua X. Proline induces calcium-mediated oxidative burst and salicylic acid signaling. Amino Acids. 2011;40:1473–1484. doi:10.1007/s00726-010-0757-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahman A, Nahar K, Hasanuzzaman M, Fujita M. Calcium supplementation improves Na+/K+ ratio, antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems in salt-stressed rice seedlings. Front Plant Sci. 2016;7:609. doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.00609.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar