864
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Short Communication

Rattan spines as deterrence? A spinescence study on different species of rattans

, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Article: 1795393 | Received 24 Mar 2020, Accepted 09 Jul 2020, Published online: 21 Jul 2020

References

  • Cooper SM, Owen-Smith N. Effects of plant spinescence on large mammalian herbivores. Oecologia. 1986;68(3):1–16. doi:10.1007/BF01036753.
  • Grubb PJ. A positive distrust in simplicity-lessons from plant defences and from competition among plants and among animals. J Ecol. 1992;80:585–610. doi:10.2307/2260852.
  • Lev-Yadun S. Aposematic (warning) coloration associated with thorns in higher plants. J Theor Biol. 2001;210(3):385–388. doi:10.1006/jtbi.2001.2315.
  • Supnick M. On the function of leaf spines in Ilex opaca. Bull Torrey Bot Club. 1983;110(2):228–230. doi:10.2307/2996348.
  • Hanley ME, Lamont BB, Fairbanks MM, Rafferty CM. Plant structural traits and their role in anti-herbivore defence. Perspect Plant Ecol Evol Syst. 2007;8(4):157–178. doi:10.1016/j.ppees.2007.01.001.
  • Cornelissen JHC, Lavorel S, Garnier E, Diaz S, Buchmann N, Gurvich DE, Reich PB, Steege HT, Morgan HD, Van Der Heijden MGA, et al.A handbook of protocols for standardized and easy measurement of plant functional traits worldwide. Aust J Bot. 2003;51:335–380. doi:10.1071/BT02124.
  • Burns KC. Are there general patterns in plant defence against megaherbivores? Biol J Linn Soc. 2013;111:38–48. doi:10.1111/bij.12181.
  • Ford AT, Goheen JR, Otieno TO, Bidner L, Isbell LA, Palmer TM, Ward d, Woodroffe R, Pringle RM. Large carnivores make savanna tree communities less thorny. Science. 2014;346:346–349. doi:10.1126/science.1252753.
  • Goldel B, Araujo AC, Kissling WD, Svenning JC. Impacts of large herbivores on spinescence and abundance of palms in the Pantanal, Brazil. Bot J Linn Soc. 2016;182:465–479. doi:10.1111/boj.12420.
  • Milton SJ. Plant spinescence in arid southern Africa: does moisture mediate selection by mammals? Oecologia. 1991;87(2):279–287. doi:10.1007/BF00325267.
  • Song B, Sun L, Lev-Yadun S, Moles AT, Zhang S, Jiang X, Gao Y, Xu Q, Sun H. Plants are more likely to be spiny at mid-elevations in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in south-western China. J Biogeogr. 2020;47:250–260. doi:10.1111/jbi.13724.
  • Takada M, Asada M, Miyashita T. Regional differences in the morphology of a shrub Damnacanthus indicus : an induced resistance to deer herbivory? Ecol Res. 2001;16(4):809–813. doi:10.1046/j.1440-1703.2001.00436.x.
  • Burns KC. Spinescence in the New Zealand flora: parallels with Australia. N Z J Botan. 2016;54(2):273–289. doi:10.1080/0028825X.2015.1130727.
  • Barton KE, Koricheva J. The ontogeny of plant defense and herbivory: characterizing general patterns using meta-analysis. Am Nat. 2010;175:481–493. doi:10.1086/650722.
  • Brooks R, Owen-Smith N. Plant defences against mammalian herbivores: are juvenile Acacia more heavily defended than mature trees? Bothalia. 1994;24(2):211–215. doi:10.4102/abc.v24i2.773.
  • Fadzly N, Jack C, Schaefer HM, Burns KC. Ontogenetic colour changes in an insular tree species: signalling to extinct browsing birds? New Phytol. 2009;184(2):495–501. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02926.x.
  • Belovsky GE, Schmitz OJ, Slade JB, Dawson TJ. Effects of spines and thorns on Australian arid zone herbivores of different body masses. Oecologia. 1991;88:521–528. doi:10.1007/BF00317715.
  • Cooper SM, Ginnett TF. Spines protect plants against browsing by small climbing mammals. Oecologia. 1998;113(2):219–221. doi:10.1007/s004420050371.
  • Yamazaki K, Nakatani K-I, Masumoto K. Slug caterpillars of Parasa lepida (Cramer, 1799) (Lepidoptera: limacodidae) become stuck on rose prickles. Pan-Pac Entomol. 1914;90:221–225. doi:10.3956/2014-90.4.221.
  • Potter DA, Kimmerer TW. Do holly leaf spines really deter herbivory? Oecologia. 1988;75(2):216–221. doi:10.1007/BF00378601.
  • Dransfield J. A manual of the rattans of the Malay Peninsula. Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia): Forest Department, Ministry of Primary Industries Malaysia.; 1979.
  • Dransfield J. The ecology and natural history of rattans. a guide to the cultivation of rattan. Forest Research Institute Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur. 1992;27–33.
  • Dransfield J. General introduction to rattan-The biological background to exploitation and the history of rattan research. Rattan current research issues and prospects for conservation and sustainable development. Roma (Italia)Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Rome (Italy)International Network for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing (Republic of ChinaFAO. 2002. 23–34.
  • Xu HC, Rao AN, Zeng BS, Yin GT. Research on rattans in China: conservation, cultivation, distribution, ecology, growth, phenology, silviculture, systematic anatomy and tissue culture. 2000. IPGRI-APO, Serdang (Malaysia).
  • Fadzly N, Mansor A, Zakaria R, Edzham SA. A view from a different angle: investigating the significance of rattan spines from a small mammals’ visual point of view using image. Sains Malaysiana. 2014;43:973–976.
  • Gowda JH. Spines of Acacia tortilis: what do they defend and how? Oikos. John Wiley & Sons Ltd: UK; 1996. p. 279–284.
  • Midgley JJ, Botha MA, Balfour D. Patterns of thorn length, density, type and colour in African Acacias. Afr J Range Forage Sci. 2001;18(1):59–61. doi:10.2989/10220110109485756.
  • Ronel M, Malkiel H, Lev-Yadun S. Quantitative characterization of the thorn system of the common shrubs Sarcopoterium spinosum and Calicotome villosa. Isr J Plant Sci. 2007;55(1):63–72. doi:10.1560/IJPS.55.1.63.
  • Nassar O, Lev-Yadun S. How prickly is a prickly pear? Isr J Plant Sci. 2009;57(1):117–124. doi:10.1560/IJPS.57.1-2.117.
  • Liu K, Mansor A, Nadine R, Lee CY, Azman NM, Fadzly N. Rattan litter-collecting structures attract nest-building and defending ants. Plant Signal Behav. 2019;14:e1621245. doi:10.1080/15592324.2019.1621245.
  • Midgley JJ. Why are spines of African Acacia species white? Afr J Range Forage Sci. 2004;21(3):211–212. doi:10.2989/10220110409485854.
  • Lev-Yadun S. Aposematic (warning) coloration in plants. In: Baluska F. editor. Plant-Environment Interactions. Berlin (Heidelberg): Springer; 2009a.
  • Lev-Yadun S, Inbar M. Defensive ant, aphid and caterpillar mimicry in plants? Biol J Linn Soc. 2002;77(3):393–398. doi:10.1046/j.1095-8312.2002.00132.x.
  • Lev-Yadun, Simcha. Defensive (anti-herbivory) coloration in land plants. Cham: Springer International Publishing, Switzerland. 2016.
  • Lev-Yadun S. Müllerian and Batesian mimicry rings of white-variegated aposematic spiny and thorny plants: a hypothesis. Isr J Plant Sci. 2009b;57(1):107–116. doi:10.1560/IJPS.57.1-2.107.
  • Liu K, Fadzly N, Mansor A, Zakaria R, Ruppert N, Lee CY. The dual defensive strategy of Amorphophallus throughout its ontogeny. Plant Signal Behav. 2017;12(10):e1371890. doi:10.1080/15592324.2017.1371890.
  • Agrawal AA, Fishbein M. Plant defense syndromes. Ecology. 2006;87:S132–S149.
  • Clay K. Clavicipitaceous endophytes of grasses: their potential as biocontrol agents. Mycol Res. 1989;92(1):1–12. doi:10.1016/S0953-7562(89)80088-7.
  • Coley PD, Barone JA. Herbivory and plant defenses in tropical forests. Annu Rev Ecol Syst. 1996;27(1):305–335. doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.27.1.305.
  • Rosenthal JP, Kotanen PM. Terrestrial plant tolerance to herbivory. Trends Ecol Evol. 1994;9(4):145–148. doi:10.1016/0169-5347(94)90180-5.
  • Woodman RL, Fernandes GW. Differential mechanical defense: herbivory, evapotranspiration, and leaf-hairs. Oikos. UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 1991. p. 11–19.
  • Niemelä P, Tuomi J. Does the leaf morphology of some plants mimic caterpillar damage? Oikos 50, 256–257.
  • Quicke DLJ. Mimicry, crypsis, masquerade and other adaptive resemblances. Wiley Blackwell; Oxford.
  • Lev-Yadun S, Niemela P. Leaf pseudo-variegation: definition, common types, and probably the defended models for real defensive leaf variegation mimicking them? Flora. 2017;226:82–88. doi:10.1016/j.flora.2016.11.010.
  • Miler K, Yahya BE, Czarnoleski M. Reduced damage and epiphyll cover of leaves of Korthalsia rattans that host Camponotus ants in the rain forest of Malaysian Borneo. J Trop Ecol. 2016;32(4):330–334. doi:10.1017/S0266467416000316.
  • Karban R, Myers JH. Induced plant responses to herbivory. Annu Rev Ecol Syst. 1989;20(1):331–348. doi:10.1146/annurev.es.20.110189.001555.
  • Gowda J, Raffaele E. Spine production is induced by fire: a natural experiment with three Berberis species. Acta Oecologica. 2004;26(3):239–245. doi:10.1016/j.actao.2004.08.001.
  • Tomlinson PB. The structural biology of palms. Oxford University Press; 1990.
  • Tomlinson PB, Horn JW, Fisher JB. The anatomy of palms: arecaceae-Palmae. UK: OUP Oxford; 2011.
  • McKey D. Adaptive patterns in alkaloid physiology. Am Nat. 1974;108(961):305–320. doi:10.1086/282909.
  • Stamp N. Out of the quagmire of plant defense hypotheses. Q Rev Biol. 2003;78(1):23–55. doi:10.1086/367580.
  • Gallardo-Santis A, Simonetti JA, Vásquez RA. Influence of tree diameter on climbing ability of small mammalS. J Mammal. 2005;86(5):969–973. Oxford University Press (OUP). doi:10.1644/1545-1542(2005)86[969:iotdoc]2.0.co;2..
  • Ruppert N, Mansor A, Anuar S. A key role of the southern pig-tailed macaque Macaca nemestrina (Linnaeus) in seed dispersal of non-climbing rattans in Peninsular Malaysia. Asian Primates J. 2014;4:42–51.
  • Ronel M, Lev-Yadun S. The spiny, thorny and prickly plants in the flora of Israel. Bot J Linn Soc. 2012;168:344–352
  • Peìrez-Harguindeguy N, Díaz S, Garnier E, Lavorel S, Poorter H, Jaureguiberry P. New handbook for standardized measurement of plant functional traits worldwide. Aust J Bot. 2013;61:167–234

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.