13
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Short communications

Nocturnal pectoral tuft display in the malachite sunbird

&
Pages 342-347 | Received 18 Mar 2010, Accepted 16 Apr 2010, Published online: 02 Dec 2015

References

  • AMLANER, C.J. & BALL, N.J. 1983. A synthesis of sleep in wild birds. Behaviour 87: 85–119.
  • ANDERSSON, M. 1982. Female choice selects for extreme tail length in a widowbird. Nature 299: 818–820.
  • ARAGONES, J., DE REYNA, L.A. & RECUERDA, P. 1999.
  • Visual communication and sexual selection in a nocturnal bird species, Caprimulgus ruficollis, a balance between crypsis and conspicuousness. Wilson Bulletin 111: 340–345.
  • BROWN, M. 2005. Malachite sunbird. In: Roberts Birds of Southern Africa 7th edn, (eds) P.A.R. Hockey, W.R.J. Dean & P.G Ryan, pp. 985–986. John Voelcker Bird Book Fund, Cape Town.
  • CHEKE, R.A., MANN, C.F. & ALLAN, R. 2001. Sunbirds. A Guide to the Sunbirds, Flowerpeckers, Spiderhunters and Sugarbirds of the World. Christopher Helm, London.
  • DANIELS, C.L. 1987. The feeding ecology of nectarivorous birds in the Natal Drakensberg. M.Sc. thesis, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg.
  • DOWNS, C.T. & BROWN, M. 2002. Nocturnal heterothermy and torpor in the malachite sunbird (Nectarinia famosa, Passeriformes). Auk 119: 251–260.
  • EVANS, M.R. 1991. The size and adornments of male Scarlet-tufted malachite sunbirds varies with environmental conditions, as predicted by handicap theories. Animal Behaviour 54: 89–105.
  • EVANS, M.R. & BARNARD, P. 1995. Variable sexual ornaments in scarlet-tufted malachite sunbirds (Nectarinia johnstoni) on Mount Kenya. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 54: 371–381.
  • GAUTHIER-CLERC, M., TAMISIER, A. & CEZILLY, F. 1998. Sleep–vigilance trade-off in green-winged teals (Anas crecca crecca). Canadian Journal of Zoology 76: 2214–2218.
  • GILL, F.B. 2007. Ornithology, 3rd edn. Freeman, New York.
  • HOCKEY, P.A.R., DEAN, W.R.J. & RYAN, P.G. (eds) 2005. Roberts Birds of Southern Africa, 7th edn. John Voelcker Bird Book Fund, Cape Town.
  • KAVANAU, J.L. 1998. Vertebrates that never sleep: implications for sleep’s basic function. Brain Research Bulletin 46: 269–279.
  • LENDREM, D.W. 1983. Sleeping and vigilance in birds. I. Field observations of the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). Animal Behaviour 31: 532–538.
  • MACLEAN, G.L. 1985. Roberts Birds of Southern Africa. John Voelcker Bird Book Fund, Cape Town.
  • MACLEAN, G.L. 1990. Ornithology for Africa: A Text for Users on the African Continent. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg.
  • MEDDIS, R. 1975. On the function of sleep. Animal Behaviour 23: 676–691.
  • PEEK, P.W. 1972. An experimental study of territorial function of vocal and visual display in the male Red-winged Blackbird (Agelius phoeniceus). Animal Behaviour 20: 112–118.
  • PENTERIANI, V., DELGADO, M.D., ALONSO-ALVAREZ, C., PINA, N.V., SERGIO, F., BARTO-LOMMEI, P. & THOMPSON, L.J. 2007a. The importance of visual cues for nocturnal species: eagle owl fledglings signal with white mouth feathers. Ethology 113: 934–943.
  • PENTERIANI, V., DELGADO, M.D., ALONSO-ALVAREZ, C. & SERGIO, F. 2007b. The importance of visual cues for nocturnal species: eagle owls signal by badge brightness. Behavioral Ecology 18: 143–147.
  • PETRIE, M., HALLIDAY, T. & SANDERS, C. 1991. Peahens prefer peacocks with elaborate trains. Animal Behaviour 41: 323–331.
  • RATTENBORG, N.C. & AMLANER, C.J. 2002. Phylog-Short communicationseny of sleep. In: Sleep Medicine, (eds) T.L. Lee-Chiong, M.J. Sateia & M.A. Carskadon, pp. 7–22. Hanley & Belfus, Philadelphia.
  • SIEGEL, S. & CASTELLAN, N.J. 1988. Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York.
  • STICKGOLD, R. 2008. Sleep: the ebb and flow of memory consolidation. Current Biology 18: R423–R425.
  • TOATES, F. 1980. Animal Behaviour: A Systems Approach. Wiley, Chichester.
  • WELLMANN, A. & DOWNS, C.T. 2009. A behavioural study of sleep patterns in the malachite sunbird, Cape white-eye, and fantailed widowbird. Animal Behaviour 77: 61–66.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.