158
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Trophic structure and biomass distribution of macrobenthos on sheltered and semi-exposed rocky shores of Tsitsikamma Marine Protected Area

Pages 224-238 | Received 28 Sep 2009, Accepted 24 Feb 2011, Published online: 20 Apr 2015

References

  • BOLAND J.M. 1997. Is the geographic pattern in the abundance of South African barnacles due to pre-recruitment or post-recruitment factors? South African Journal of Marine Science 18: 63–73.
  • BOWNES, S. & McQUAID, C.D. 2006. Will the invasive mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck replace the indigenous Perna perna L. on the south coast of South Africa? Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 338: 140–151.
  • BOWNES, S. & McQUAID, C.D. 2009. Mechanisms of habitat segregation between an invasive and an indigenous mussel: settlement, post-settlement mortality and recruitment. Marine Biology 156(5): 991–1006.
  • BLAMEY, L.A. & BRANCH, G.M. 2009. Habitat diversity relative to wave action on rocky shores: implications for the selection of marine protected areas. Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 19: 645–657.
  • BLANCHETTE, C.A., WIETERS, E.A., BROITMAN, B.R., KINLAN, B.P. & SCHIEL, D.R. 2009. Trophic structure and diversity in rocky intertidal upwelling ecosystems: a comparison of community patterns across California, Chile, South Africa and New Zealand. Progress in Oceanography 83: 107–116.
  • BRANCH, G.M. 1975. Intraspecific competition in Patella cochlear Born. Journal of Animal Ecology 44: 263–281.
  • BRANCH, G.M. 1976. Interspecific competition experienced by South African Patella species. Journal of Animal Ecology 45: 507–529.
  • BRANCH, G.M. 1984. Changes in intertidal and shallow-water communities of the south and west coasts of South Africa during the 1982/1983 temperature anomaly. South African Journal of Science 80: 61–65.
  • BRANCH, G.M., BARKAI, A. HOCKEY, P.A.R. & HUTCHINGS, L. 1987. Biological interactions: causes or effects of variability in the Benguela ecosystem. South African Journal of Marine Science 5: 425–445.
  • BRANCH, G. & BRANCH, M. 1981. The Living Shores of Southern Africa. C. Struik Publishers, Cape Town.
  • BRANCH, G.M. & GRIFFITHS, C.L. 1988. The Benguela ecosystem. Part v. The coastal zone. Oceanography and Marine Biology, an Annual Review 26: 395–486.
  • BRANCH, G.M., GRIFFITHS, C.L., BRANCH, M.L. & BECKLEY, L.E. 2005. Two Oceans: A Guide to the Marine Life of Southern Africa. David Philip, Cape Town.
  • BRANCH, G.M. & ODENDAAL, F. 2003. The effects of marine protected areas on the population dynamics of a South African limpet, Cymbula oculus, relative to the influence of wave action. Biological Conservation 114: 255–269.
  • BROWN, A.C.& JARMAN, N. 1978. Coastal marine habitats. In: Biogeography and Ecology of Southern Africa, (eds) Werger, M.J.A. and A.C. van Bruggen, pp. 1241–1277. W. Junk, The Hague.
  • BRUNDRIT, G.B. 1995. Trends of southern African sea level: statistical analysis and interpretation. South African Journal of Marine Science 16: 9–17.
  • BUSTAMANTE, R.H. & BRANCH, G.M. 1996. Large scale patterns and trophic structure of southern African rocky shores: the roles of geographic variation and wave exposure. Journal of Biogeography 23: 339–351.
  • BUSTAMANTE, R.H., BRANCH, G.M., EEKHOUT, S., ROBERTSON, B., ZOUTENDYK, P., SCHLEYER, M., DYE, A., HANEKOM, N., KEATYS, D., JURD, M. & McQUAID, C. 1995. Gradients of intertidal primary productivity around the coast of South Africa and their relationships with consumer biomass. Oecologia 102(2) 189–201.
  • BUSTAMANTE, R.H., BRANCH, G.M. & EEKHOUT, S. 1997. The influence of physical factors on the distribution and zonation patterns of South African rocky-shore communities. South African Journal o Marine Science 18: 119–136.
  • BUXTON, C.D. & CLARKE, J.R. 1991. The biology of the white musselcracker Sparodon durbanensis (Pisces: Sparidae) on the Eastern Cape Coast, South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 10: 285–296.
  • CLARK, B.M. 2006. Climate change: a looming challenge for fisheries management in South Africa. Marine Policy 30: 84–95.
  • COETZEE, P.S. & MUNNIK, L. 1988. The macroalgal and macrofaunal communities of the rocky intertidal region at Robberg. In: Proposed Marina Development in the Southwest Sector of Plettenberg Bay - An Ecological Assessment, (ed.) T. Wooldridge. Report No 18. Institute for Coastal Research. University of Port Elizabeth, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
  • COETZEE, D.J. & ZOUTENDYK, P. 1993. Species composition, distribution and standing stock of rocky-shore intertidal communities in De Hoop Marine Reserve. Bontebok 8: 1–12.
  • CONNELL, J.H. 1978. Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs. Science N.Y. 199: 1302–1310.
  • CONNOLLY, S.R., MENGE, B.A. & ROUGHGARDEN, J. 2001. A latitudinal gradient in recruitment of intertidal invertebrates in the northeast Pacific Ocean. Ecology 82: 1799–1813.
  • CRISP D.J. 1971. Energy flow measurements. In: IBP Handbook No 16. Methods for the Study of Marine Benthos, (eds) Holmes, N.A. & A.D. Mc Intyre, pp. 197–279. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
  • DAY, J.H. 1974. A Guide to Marine Life on South African Shores. A.A. Balkema, Cape Town.
  • DAYTON, P.K. 1971. Competition, disturbance and community organization: the provision and subsequent utilization of space in a rocky intertidal community. Ecological Monographs 41: 351–389.
  • DENNY, M.W., DANIEL, T.L. & KOEHL, M.A.R. 1985. Mechanical limits to size in wave-swept organisms. Ecological Monographs 55: 69–102.
  • DIRECTOR-GENERAL OF SURVEYS 1979. 1:250 000 Geological series. Sheet 3322 Government Printers, Oudtshoorn.
  • EMANUEL, B.P., BUSTAMANTE, R.H., BRANCH, G.M., EEKHOUT, S. & ODENDAAL, F.J. 1992. A zoogeographic and functional approach to the selection of marine reserves on the west coast of South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 12: 341–354.
  • FIELD, J.G., CLARKE, K.R. & WARWICK, R.M. 1982. A practical strategy for analysing multispecies distribution patterns. Marine Ecology Progress Series 8: 37–52.
  • FIELD, J.G. & McFARLANE, G. 1968. Numerical methods in marine ecology: a quantitative ‘similarity’ analysis of rocky shore samples in False Bay, South Africa. Zoologica Africana 3(2): 119–137.
  • FIELDING, P.J., WEERTS, K.A. & FORBES, T. 1994. Macroinvertebrate communities associated with intertidal and subtidal beds of Pyura stolonifera (Heller) (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) on the Natal coast. South African Journal of Zoology 29(1): 46–53.
  • GAUCH, H.G. 1995. Multivariate Analysis in Community Ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • GRIFFITHS, R.J. 1981. Population dynamics and growth of the bivalve Choromytilus meridionalis (Kr.) at different tidal levels. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 12: 101–118.
  • HAMMOND, W. & GRIFFITHS, C.L. 2004. Influence of wave exposure on South African mussel beds and their associated infaunal communities. Marine Biology 144: 547–552.
  • HANEKOM, N. 2008. Invasion of an indigenous Perna perna mussel bed on the south coast of South Africa by an alien mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and its effect on the associated fauna. Biological Invasions 10: 233–244.
  • HANEKOM, N., HARRIS, J.M., BRANCH, G.M.& ALLEN, J.C. 1999. Mass mortality and recolonization of Pyura stolonifera (Heller) on the south coast of South Africa. South African Journal of Marine Science 21: 117–133.
  • HILL, J.M. & McQUAID, C.D. 2008. δ13C and δ15N biogeographic trends in rocky intertidal communities along the coast of South Africa: Evidence of strong environmental signatures. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 80: 261–268.
  • HOCKEY, P.A.R. & VAN ERKOM SCHURINK, C. 1992. The invasive biology of the mussel Mytilus gallo-provincialis on the southern African coast. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa 48(1): 123–139.
  • JACKSON, L.F. 1976. Aspects of the intertidal ecology of the east coast of South Africa. Investigational Report Oceanographic Research Institute South Africa 46: 1–72.
  • LINDSAY, T.L. 1998. Population dynamics and growth rates of the brown mussel (Perna perna) on wave exposed and wave sheltered shores of South Africa. M.Sc. thesis, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa.
  • LOMBARD, A.T., STRAUSS, T., HARRIS, J., SINK, K., ATTWOOD, C. & HUTCHINGS, L. 2004. South African National Spatial Biodiversity Assessment 2004: Technical Report. Volume 4: Marine Component. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria.
  • LUBKE, R.A. & SEAGRIEF, S.C. 1998. Marine ecology. In Field Guide to the Eastern and Southern Cape Coasts, (eds) R.A. Lubke & I. de Moor, 2nd edn, pp 65–116. University Cape Town Press, Cape Town.
  • KOVACH COMPUTING SERVICES. 2005. Multi-Variate Statistical Package, version 3.1. Pentraeth, Wales, U.K.
  • MANN, B.Q. & BUXTON, C.D. 1992. Diets of Diplodus sargus capensis and D. cervinus hottentotus (Pisces: Sparidae) on the Tsitsikamma coast, South Africa. Koedoe 35(2): 27–36.
  • McLACHLAN, A., LOMBARD, H.W. & LOUWRENS, S. 1981. Trophic structure and biomass distribution on two East Cape rocky shores. South African Journal of Zoology 16(2): 85–89.
  • McQUAID, C.D. & BRANCH, G.M. 1984. Influence of sea temperature, substratum and wave exposure on rocky intertidal communities: an analysis of faunal and floral biomass. Marine Ecology Progress Series 19: 145–151.
  • McQUAID, C.D. & BRANCH, G.M. 1985. Trophic structure of rocky intertidal communities: response to wave action and implication for energy flow. Marine Ecology Progress Series 22: 153–161.
  • McQUAID, C.D., BRANCH, G.M. & CROWE, A.A. 1985. Biotic and abiotic influences on rocky intertidal biomass and richness in the southern Benguela region. South African Journal of Zoology 20: 115–122.
  • McQUAID, C.D., LINDSAY J.R. & LINDSAY, T.L. 2000. Interactive effects of wave exposure and tidal height on population structure of the mussel Perna perna. Marine Biology 137: 925–932.
  • MENGE, B.A. & OLSON, A.M. 1990. Role of scale and environmental factors in regulation of community. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 5: 52–67.
  • MENGE, B.A. & SUTHERLAND, J.P. 1987. Community regulation: variation in disturbance, competition, and predation in relation to environmental stress and recruitment. The American Naturalist 130(5): 732–757.
  • NAVARRETE, S.A., WIETERS, E.A., B.R. & CASTILLA, J.C. 2005. Scales of benthic-pelagic coupling and the intensity of species interactions: from recruitment limitation to top-down control. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102(50): 18046–18051.
  • ODUM, E.P. 1971. Fundamentals of Ecology. Saunder College Publishing, Philadelphia.
  • OJEDA, F.P. & DEARBORN, J.H. 1989. Community structure of macroinvertebrates inhabiting the rocky subtidal zone in the Gulf of Maine: seasonal and bathymetric distribution. Marine Ecology Progress Series 57: 147–161.
  • OJEDA, F.P. & DEARBORN, J.H. 1991. Feeding ecology of benthic mobile predators: experimental analysis of their influence on rocky subtidal communities of the Gulf of Maine. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 149: 13–44.
  • PALUMBI, S.R. 1984. Measuring intertidal wave forces. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 81: 171–179. 1
  • PAINE, R.T. & LEVIN, S.A. 1981. Intertidal landscapes: disturbance and the dynamics of pattern. Ecological Monographs 51(2): 145–178.
  • PLASS-JOHNSON, J.G., McQUAID, C.D. & PORRI, F. 2010. Top-down effects on intertidal mussel populations: assessing two predator guilds in a South African marine protected area. Marine Ecology Progress Series 411: 149–159.
  • ROBINSON, T.B., GRIFFITHS, C.L., McQUAID, C.D. & RIUS, M. 2005. Marine alien species of South Africa-status and impacts. African Journal of Marine Science 27(1): 297–306.
  • RIUS, VM. 2004. The effect of the invasive mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and human exploitation on the indigenous mussel Perna perna on the South Coast of South Africa. M.Sc. thesis, Rhodes University, Grahams-town, South Africa.
  • SCHUMANN E.H., COHEN, A.L. & JURY, M.R. 1995. Coastal sea surface temperature variability along the south coast of South Africa and the relationship to regional and global climate. Journal of Marine Research 53: 231–248.
  • SINK, J.M., BRANCH, G.M. & HARRIS, J.M. 2005. Biogeographic patterns in rocky intertidal communities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science 27(1): 81–96.
  • SMALE, M.J. & BUCHAN. P.R. 1981. Biology of Octopus vulgaris off the east Coast of South Africa. Marine Biology 65: 1–12.
  • STATISTICAL GRAPHICS CORPORATION (1989) Statistical Graphics System, Version 4.0. Statistical Graphics Corporation. U.S.A.
  • STEPHENSON, T.A. & STEPHENSON, A. 1972. Life between Tide Marks on Rocky Shores. W.H. Freeman, San Francisco.
  • TOERIEN, D.K. 1976. Geologie van die Tsitsikamma-kusstrook. Koedoe 19: 31–41.
  • WIETERS, E.A. BROITMAN, B.R. & BRANCH, G.M. 2009. Benthic community structure and spatiotemporal thermal regimes in two upwelling ecosystems: comparisons between South Africa and Chile. Limnology and Oceanography 54(4): 1060–1072.
  • ZAR, J.H. 1984. Biostatistical Analysis, 2nd edn. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
  • ZARDI, G.I., NICASTRO, K.R., McQUAID, C.D., RUIS, M. & PORRI, F. 2006. Hydrodynamic stress and habitat partitioning between indigenous (Perna perna) and invasive (Mytilus galloprovincialis) mussels: constraints of an evolutionary strategy. Marine Biology 150: 79–88
  • ZOUTENDYK, P., FRICKE, A.H. & CARTER, R.A. 1987. Ocean outfall studies at Dana Bay. Report No. 3. Biological survey of the region. CSIR Report C/SEA 8738: 1–16.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.