Where Does Poland Fit in Europe? How Political Memory Influences Polish MEPs' Perceptions of Poland's place in Europe

References

• Arendt , H. 1965 . On Revolution , New York : The Viking Press .
   Google Scholar
• Batt , J. 2001 . “ European Identity and National Identity in Central and Eastern Europe ” . In Interlocking Dimensions of European Integration , Edited by: Wallace , H . 250 – 251 . London : Palgrave .
   Google Scholar
• Barburska , O. 2006 . “ Polska Wobec Europejskich Aspiracji Ukrainy ” . In Rola Polski w Kształtowaniu Polityki Wschodniej Unii Europejskiej na Przykładzie Ukrainy , Edited by: Borkowski , J . 51 – 64 . Warsaw : Centrum Europejskie UW .
   Google Scholar
• Bobiński , K. 28 June 2007 . “ The Polish Confusion ” . In Open Democracy 28 June , Available at http://www.open democracy.net/democracy_power/future_europe/poland_confusion (accessed January 15 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Burke , P. 1989 . “ History as Social Memory ” . In Memory: History, Culture and the Mind , Edited by: Butler , T. 97 – 113 . New York : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Chancellery of Prime Minister News . 4 October 2003 . “ Podróż do Watykanu i Rzymu: Prywatna Audiencja u Papieża i Polskie Stanowisko na Konferencji Międzyrzadowej ” . 4 October , Warsaw. Available at http://www.kprm.gov.pl/archiwum/2130_10182.htm (accessed 9 December 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Cichocki , M. 2006 . “ The Impact of Accession: Old and New member States and the Legacy of the Past ” . In Après Enlargement: Legal and Political Responses in Central and Eastern Europe , Edited by: Sadurski , W , Ziller , J and Żurek , K . 311 – 322 . Florence : European University Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Cordell , K and Antoszewski , A . 2000 . Poland and the European Union , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Davies , N. 2001 . Heart of Europe: The Past in Poland's Present , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Davies , N. 2005 . God's Playground: A History of Poland , Vol. 2 , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• European Parliament . 2 December 2004 . “ ‘European Parliament Resolution B6–0195/2004’ ” . 2 December , Available at http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=MOTION&reference=P6-RC-2004-0195&language=EN (accessed 30 November 2009)
   Google Scholar
• European Parliament . 28 September 2005 . “ European Parliament Resolution on the 25th Anniversary of Solidarity and its Message for Europe ” . 28 September , Available at http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc. do?type=TA&reference=P6-TA-2005-0357&language=EN&ring=B6-2005-0495 (accessed 30 November 2009)
   Google Scholar
• European Parliament . 2 April 2009 . “ European Parliament Resolution of 2 April 2009 on European Conscience and Totalitarianism ” . 2 April , Available at http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-//EP//TEXT+TA+20090402+ITEMS+DOC+XML+V0//EN&language=EN#sdocta18 (accessed 30 November 2009)
   Google Scholar
• European Parliament Press Release . 16 December 2008 . “ EP Bureau Decides to Set up a “House of European History” . 16 December , Available at http://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/expert/infopress_page/008-44856-350-12-51-901-20081216IPR44855-15-12-2008-2008-false/default_en.htm (accessed 6 December 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Fentress , J and Wickham , C. 1992 . Social Memory , Oxford : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• For the description of the European Union Sixth Framework Programme, see http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp6/pdf/fp6-in-brief_en.pdf (Accessed 15 May, 2010)
   Google Scholar
• Garton Ash , T. 2002 . “ Trials, Purges and History Lessons: Treating a Difficult Past in Post-Communist Europe ” . In Memory and Power in Post-War Europe: Studies in the Presence of the Past , Edited by: Müller , J. W . 265 – 282 . Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Geremek , B. 26 September 2005 . “ 25 rocznica ‘Solidarności’ i jej Przesłanie dla Europy ” . 26 September , Available at http://www.geremek.pl/index.php?navi=006&id=76 (accessed 23 September 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Goldman , M. F. 2006 . Polish-Russian relations and the 2004 Ukrainian Presidential Elections . East European Quarterly , 40 ( 4 ) : 409 – 428 .
   Google Scholar
• Hacking , I. 1998 . Rewriting the Soul: Multiple Personality and the Science of Memory , Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Havel , V. 1990 . “ The Power of the Powerless ” . In The Power of the Powerless , Edited by: Keane , J . 23 – 96 . New York : M. E. Sharpe .
   Google Scholar
• Hodgkin , K and Radstone , S. 2003 . “ Introduction: Contested Pasts ” . In Contested Pasts: The Politics of Memory , Edited by: Hodgkin , K and Radstone , S . 1 – 21 . London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Janion , M. 2004 . Rozstać się z Polską? . Gazeta Wyborcza , 232 ( 02 ) : 11
   Google Scholar
• Jasina, Ł., Kłoczowski, J. & Gil, A. (Eds) (2007) Aktualność przesłania paryskiej ‘‘Kultury'' w dzisiejszej Polsce (Lublin: IEŚW)
   Google Scholar
• Jedlicki , J. 1990 . The Revolution of 1989: The Unbearable Burden of History . Problems of Communism , 34 ( 4 ) : 39 – 45 .
   Google Scholar
• Jedlicki , J. 1992 . A Stereotype of the West in Postpartition Poland . Social Research , 59 ( 2 ) : 345 – 364 .
   Google Scholar
• Judt , T. 2002 . “ Myth and Memory in Post-War Europe ” . In Memory and power in post-war Europe: studies in the presence of the past , Edited by: Müller , J. W . 157 – 183 . Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kieniewicz , J. 1991 . “ Polacy i Europa końca XX wieku ” . Gazeta Wyborcza . 556, 13 April
   Google Scholar
• Korek , J. 2007 . “ Zwierzę Polityczne w Przeciągu między Wschodem a Zachodem ” . In Aktualność przesłania paryskiej “Kultury” w dzisiejszej Polsce , Edited by: Jasina , Ł. , Kłoczowski , J. and Gil , A. 69 – 78 . Lublin : IEŚW .
   Google Scholar
• Krzemiński , A. 2009 . “ Pamięć i Pamiętliwość ” . Polityka . 35, 29 August
   Google Scholar
• Kundera , M. 1984 . The Tragedy of Central Europe . The New York Review of Books , 31 ( 7 ) : 33 – 38 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwaśniewski , A. 27 June 1998 . “ Prezydent RP na Ukrainie ” . 27 June , Available at http://www.kwasniewskia leksander.pl/int.php?id=263&mode=view (accessed 16 January 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Lebow , R N. 2006 . “ The Memory of Politics in Postwar Europe ” . In The Politics of Memory in Postwar Europe , Edited by: Lebow , R. N , Kansteiner , W and Fogu , C . 2 – 39 . Durham, NC : Duke University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Mach , Z. 2000 . Polish National Culture and its Shifting Centres, Centre for European Studies, Jagiellonian University Available at http://www.ces.uj.edu.pl/mach/national.htm (accessed 23 July 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Malcher , G. 1993 . Blank pages: Soviet genocide against the Polish People , Woking : Pyrford .
   Google Scholar
• Michnik , A. 2007 . Świadkowie, in: Ł. Jasina, J. Kłoczowski, and A. Gil, Aktualność przesłania paryskiej “Kultury” w dzisiejszej Polsce , 27 – 29 . Lublin : IEŚW .
   Google Scholar
• Mrożek , S. 1989 . Na pierwszego września 1989 . Kultura , 11 ( 506 ) : 21 – 22 .
   Google Scholar
• Müller , J. W. 2002 . “ Introduction: the power of memory, the memory of power and the power over memory ” . In Memory and Power in Post-War Europe: Studies in the Presence of the Past , Edited by: Müller , J. W . 1 – 35 . Cambridge, MA : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Najder , Z. 4 October 2005 . “ Przyszłość Więzi Kulturowych Między Narodami w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej’, Ośrodek Myśli Politycznej ” . 4 October , Available at: www.omp.org.pl (accessed 18 January 2009)
   Google Scholar
• 22 June 2007 . “ ‘Niemiecka Prasa Krytycznie o Wypowiedzi J. Kaczyńskiego nt. Strat Wojennych’ ” . In Gazeta Wyborcza 22 June , Available at http://wyborcza.pl/1,86733,4244040.html (accessed 12 January 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Olick , J. 1999 . Collective Memory: The Two Cultures . Sociological Theory , 17 ( 3 ) : 333 – 348 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olszewski , M. 1 February 2009 . “ Moje 20 lat wolności: Akcja ‘Dzień dobry’ w Krakowie ” . In Gazeta Wyborcza 1 February , Available at: http://miasta.gazeta.pl/krakow/1,78948,6225131,Moje_20_lat_wolnosci__ Akcja__Dzien_dobry__w_Krakowie.html (accessed 19 October 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Onken , E C. 2007 . The Baltic States and Moscow's 9 May Commemoration: Analysing Memory Politics in Europe . Europe-Asia Studies , 59 ( 1 ) : 23 – 46 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orla-Bukowska , A. 2006 . “ National Memory and Social Identity in Postwar and Post-Communist Poland ” . In The Politics of Memory in Postwar Europe , Edited by: Lebow , R. N , Kansteiner , W and Fogu , C . 177 – 209 . Durham, NC : Duke University Press .
   Google Scholar
• PiS Party Programme . 2005 . Available at http://www.pis.org.pl/dokumenty.php?s=partia&iddoc=3 (accessed on 20 February 2009)
   Google Scholar
• ‘Polska Polityka Wschodnia’ . 2001 . “ the Stefan Batory Foundation ” . Available at: http://www.batory. org.pl/ftp/program/forum/ppw.pdf (accessed 22 February 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Roszkowski , W. 11 April 2008 . “ The reconciliation against the historical truth is a lie ” . In Historia i Media 11 April , Available at http://historiaimedia.org/2008/04/11/pojednanie-wbrew-prawdzie-historycznej-jest-falszem-rozmowa-z-prof-wojciechem-roszkowskim/ (accessed on 19 February 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Sanford , G. 2005 . Katyń and the Soviet massacre of 1940: truth, justice and memory , London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Saryusz-Wolski , J. 2005 . EPL-ED News Archives , EPL-ED . website. Available at www.epl-ed.pl/?q=node/9 (accessed 17 August 2008)
   Google Scholar
• Schopflin , G. 2000 . Nations, Identity, Power , London : Hurst .
   Google Scholar
• Snopkiewicz , J and Zakrzewski , A. 1992 . Dokumenty Katynia Decyzja , Warsaw : Interpress .
   Google Scholar
• Snyder , T. 2002 . “ Memory of Sovereignty and Sovereignty Over Memory; Poland, Lithuania and Ukraine Since 1939 ” . In Memory and power in post-war Europe: studies in the presence of the past , Edited by: Müller , J. W . 39 – 58 . Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Snyder , T. 2003 . The Reconstruction of Nations: Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, 1569–1999 , New Haven, CT : Yale University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Stemplowski , R. 2007 . Wprowadzenie do Analizy Polityki Zagranicznej RP , , Second Edition , Vol. 2 , Warsaw : PISM .
   Google Scholar
• Szymański , K. 25 November 2004 . “ Unia czuje się odpowiedzialna ” . In Głos Wielkopolski 25 November , Avaliable at http://www.konradszymanski.pl/publicystyka.php?c=t&id=0012 (accessed 25 February 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Szymański , K. 4 August 2005 . “ Taki Sobie Europarlament ” . In Gazeta Wyborcza Vol. 180 , 4 August , Avaliable at http://www.konradszymanski.pl/publicystyka.php?c=t&id=0015 (accessed 25 February 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Tazbir , J and Rodzinska , A. 1999 . Antemurale or Bridge? . Dialogue & Universalism , 9 ( 5/6 ) : 71 – 82 .
   Google Scholar
• Törnquist-Plewa , B. 2002 . “ The Complex of an Unwanted Child: The Meanings of Europe in Polish Discourse ” . In The Meaning of Europe: Variety and Contention within and among Nations , Edited by: af Malborg , M and Stråth , B . 215 – 242 . Oxford, , UK : Berg .
   Google Scholar
• Walicki , A. 1982 . Philosophy and Romantic Nationalism , Oxford : Clarendon Press .
   Google Scholar
• Wandycz , P. 2007 . “ Juliusz Mieroszewski a Niemcy ” . In Aktualność przesłania paryskiej “Kultury” w Dzisiejszej Polsce , Edited by: Jasina , Ł. , Kłoczowski , J and Gil , A . 57 – 67 . Lublin : IEŚW .
   Google Scholar
• Wolff-Powęska , A. 2007 . Polskie spory o historię i pamięć. Polityka historyczna . Przegląd Zachodni , 1 : 3 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• Zawodny , J. 1962 . Death in the Forest: The Story of the Katyn Massacre , Notre Dame, IN : University of Notre Dame Press .
   Google Scholar