2,357
Views
13
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Frontex as Agency: More of the Same?

&
Pages 305-324 | Published online: 27 Sep 2013

References

  • Babicka, K. (2011) The Frontex agency: Which guarantees for human rights? Report for the Migreurop/EFA. Available at http://www.migrationonline.cz/e-library/?x=2289803 (accessed 12 December 2012).
  • Bekkers, V. & Edwards, A. (2006) Legitimacy and democracy, in: V. Bekkers, G. Dijkstra, A. Edwards & M. Fenger (Eds) Governance and the Democratic Deficit, pp. 295–312 (Farnham: Ashgate Publishing).
  • Busuioc, M., Groenleer, M. & Trondal, J. (Eds) (2012) The Agency Phenomenon in the European Union (Manchester: Manchester University Press).
  • Carrera, S. (2007) The EU border management strategy: FRONTEX and the challenges of irregular immigration in the Canary Islands, CEPS Working Document.
  • Carrera, S. (2010) Towards a common European border service?, CEPS Working Document No. 331, June 2010.
  • Council of the European Union (2002) Guidelines for joint operations envisaged by the plan for the management of the external borders of the member states of the European Union, Brussels, 29 July 2002, 11401/02.
  • Council of the European Union (2003a) Report from the Austrian and Swedish delegation on the core curriculum for border guard training, Brussels, 8 May 2003, 8285/2/03.
  • Council of the European Union (2003b) Report on the implementation of programmes, ad hoc centres, pilot projects and joint operations, Brussels, 11 June 2003, 10058/1/03.
  • Council of the European Union (2003c) Report on the implementation of the plan for the management of external borders of the member states of the European Union, Presidency document to SCIFA, Brussels, 7 April 2003, 8203/03.
  • Council of the European Union (2003d) Greek presidency, progress report for the implementation of the plan for the management of external borders of the member states of the European Union and the comprehensive plan for combating illegal immigration, Brussels, 17 March 2003, 7504/03.
  • Council of the European Union (2010) SCIFA's role and working methods, Brussels, 6 December 2010, 17476/10.
  • COWI (2009) External evaluation of the European agency for the management of operational cooperation at the external borders of the member states of the European Union, final report, January 2009.
  • Curtin, D. (2005) Delegation to EU non-majoritarian agencies and emerging practices of public accountability, in: D. Gerardin & N. Petit (Eds) Regulation Through Agencies in the EU, pp. 88–119 (London: Routledge).
  • Deloitte (2009) Study on the feasibility of establishing specialised branches of Frontex, final report, 11 December 2009.
  • ECHR (2012) Returning migrants to Libya without examining their case exposed them to a risk of ill-treatment and amounted to a collective expulsion, press release, ECHR 075 (2012), 23.02.2012.
  • Eureval (2008) Meta-study on decentralized agencies, final report, Evaluation for the Commission, Brussels: European Commission.
  • European Commission (2001) European governance: A White Paper, COM (2001) 428final.
  • European Commission (2002) Towards integrated management of the external borders of the member states of the European Union, COM (2002) 233, Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament, 7 May 2002.
  • European Commission (2008) European agencies: The way forward, COM (2008)135final.
  • European Commission (2009) Impact assessment guidelines, SEC(2009)92.
  • European Commission (2010) EU Agencies. The Way Ahead (Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities).
  • European Council (2003a) Proposal for a Council regulation establishing a European agency for the management of operational co-operation at the external borders, COM (2003) 687 final, Brussels, 20 November 2003.
  • European Council (2003b) Presidency conclusions. European Council meeting in Brussels, 16 and 17 October 2003, Brussels, 15 November 2003, 15188/03.
  • European Parliament (2006) EP Background Paper. DG Internal Policies of the Union Policy Unit Citizens Rights and Constitutional Affairs, 28 July.
  • European Report (2003) Justice and home affairs: Commission proposes EU border management agency, 13 November.
  • Everson, E., Majone, G., Metcalfe, L. & Schout, A. (1999) The Role of Specialised Agencies in Decentralising EU Governance: Report for the European Commission (Brussels: Commission of the European Communities).
  • Groenleer, M. (2009) The Autonomy of European Union Agencies (Delft: Eburon).
  • Hernandez I Sagrera, R. (2008) Frontex: Projection at the European level of the vision of Spain on border control?, in: E. Barbe (Ed.) Spain in Europe 2004–2008, Monograph of the European Foreign Policy, No. 4, February 2008 (Barcelona: Observatory of European Foreign Policy).
  • House of Lords (2003) European Union twenty-ninth report. Proposals for a European Border Guards, 1 July 2003. Available at http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/ld200203/ldselect/ldeucom/133/13301.htm
  • House of Lords (2007) FRONTEX: The EU external borders agency. Report with evidence, European Union Committee, 9th Report Session 2007–2008.
  • Jorry, H. (2007) Construction of a European Institutional model for managing operational cooperation at the EU's external borders: Is the FRONTEX agency a decisive step forward?, CEPS Research Paper, No. 7.
  • Kassim, H. & Legales, P. (2010) Exploring governance in a multi-level polity: A policy instruments approach, West European Politics, 33(1), pp. 1–21. doi: 10.1080/01402380903354031
  • Kelemen, R. D. & Tarrant, A. T. (2011) The Political Foundations of the Eurocracy, West European Politics, 34 (5), pp. 922–947.
  • Leonard, S. (2009) The creation of Frontex and the politics of institutionalisation in the EU external borders policy, Journal of Contemporary European Research, 5(3), pp. 371–388.
  • Majone, G. (1996) Regulating Europe (London: Routledge).
  • Majone, G. (2002) Delegation of Regulatory Powers in a Mixed Polity. European Law Journal, 8(3), pp. 319–339. doi: 10.1111/1468-0386.00156
  • Moe, T. (1987) Interests, institutions and positive theory: The politics of the NLRB, Studies in American Political Development, 2(Spring), pp. 236–299.
  • Monar, J. (2002) Justice and home affairs, Journal of Common Market Studies, vol. 40, Annual Review, pp. 121–136.
  • Monar, J. (2006) The Project of a European Border Guard: Origins, Models and Prospects in the Context of the EU's Integrated External Border Management, in: M. Caparini & O. Marenin (Eds) Borders and Security Governance: Managing Borders in a Globalised World, pp. 193–208 (Geneva: Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF)).
  • Neal, A.W. (2009) Securitization and risk at the EU border: The origins of FRONTEX, Journal of Common Market Studies, 47(2), pp. 333–356. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-5965.2009.00807.x
  • Peers, S. (2003) Development of a European Border Guard Statewatch submission. Available at http://www.statewatch.org/docbin/evidence/eurbordergdmay03.html (accessed 19 November 2012).
  • Pollak, J. & Slominski, P. (2009) Experimentalist but not accountable governance? The role of Frontex in managing the EU's external borders, West European Politics, 32(5), pp. 904–924. doi: 10.1080/01402380903064754
  • Pollitt, C., Talbot, C., Smullen, A. & Caulfield, J. (2004) Agencies: How governments do things through semi-autonomous organizations (London: Palgrave).
  • Rijpma, J. J. (2010) Frontex: Successful Blame Shifting of the Member States? Analysis of the Real Insituto El Cano (69).
  • Scharpf, F. (1999) Governing in Europe: Effective and democratic? (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
  • Scharpf, F. (2003) Problem-solving effectiveness and democratic accountability in the EU, MPIfG Working Paper, 03/1.
  • Scharpf, F. (2009) The multilevel legitimacy of European polity, European Political Science Review, 1(2), pp. 173–204.
  • Schout, A. (2008) Agencies and inspection powers – the case of EASA as new of more of the same?, in: E. Vos (Ed.) European Risk Governance: Its science, its inclusiveness and its effectiveness (Connex Book Series, Mannheim: Mannheim University Press).
  • Schout, A. (2011) Framework for assessing the added value of an EU agency, Journal of Public Policy 31(3), pp. 363–384. doi: 10.1017/S0143814X11000110
  • Schout, A. (2012) Changing the EU's institutional landscape?, in: M. Busuioc, M. Groenleer & J. Trondal (Eds) The Agency Phenomenon in the European Union (Manchester: Manchester University Press).
  • Schout, A. & Jordan, A. (2010) The ‘old’ and the ‘new’ governance in the EU: Different instruments, but the same administrative capacities?, West European Politics, 33(1), pp. 154–170. doi: 10.1080/01402380903354205
  • Schout, A. & Pereyra, F. (2011) The institutionalisation of EU agencies–agencies as ‘Mini Commissions’, Public Administration, 89(2), pp. 418–432.
  • Slominski, P. (2013) The power of legal norms and the EU's external border control, International Migration.
  • Smismans, S. (2004) Law, Legitimacy and European Governance: Functional participation in social regulation (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
  • Statewatch (2012) European Commission: EU border control communication. Available at http://www.statewatch.org/news/2002/may/06Aborder.htm (accessed 12 December 2012).
  • Statewatch and Migreurop (2012) ‘Reply to the Ombudsman's request for submission – Frontex's fundamental rights’. Availalbe at http://www.statewatch.org/analyses/no-193-eu-ombs-inquiry-frontex-evidence.pdf
  • Tarrant, A. & Kelemen, R. D. (2007) Building the Eurocracy: The politics of EU agencies and networks. Paper prepared for the Biennial European Union Studies Association Convention, Montréal, Canada.
  • The Schengen acquis – Convention implementing the Schengen Agreement of 14 June 1985 between the Governments of the States of the Benelux Economic Union, the Federal Republic of Germany and the French Republic on the gradual abolition of checks at their common borders, OJ L 239, 22.9.2000, pp. 19–62.
  • Trondal, J. (2010) Agency Governance in an Emergent European Executive Order (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
  • Weber, M. (1968) On Charisma and Institution-Building (Chicago: Chicago University Press).
  • Wolff, S. (2008) Border management in the Mediterranean: Internal, external and ethical challenges, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 21(2), pp. 253–271. doi: 10.1080/09557570802021030
  • Wolff, S. (2010) EU border policies beyond Lisbon, in: R. Zapata-Barrero (Ed.) Shaping the Normative Contours of the European Union: A Migration-Border Framework, pp. 23–36 (Barcelona: CIDOB), September 2010.
  • Yin, R. (2003) Case Study Research: Design and Methods (London: Sage).

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.