A sensitivity analysis method for water distribution system tank siting for energy savings

References

• Arulraj, G.P. and Rao, H.S., 1995. Concept or significance index for maintenance and design of pipe networks. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 121 (11), 833–837.10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1995)121:11(833)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkdoll, B., et al., 2015. Effective-power-ranking method for energy and greenhouse gas reduction in water distribution systems through pipe enhancement. Journal of Water Resources Planning & Management, 142 (1). doi:10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000568
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basile, N., Fuamba, M., and Barbeau, B., 2008. Optimization of water tank design and location in water distribution systems. Proceedings of the ASCE Water Distribution Systems Analysis Conference, 1–13. doi:10.1061/9780784410240
   Google Scholar
• Du, F., et al., 2013. Life cycle analysis for water and wastewater pipe materials. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 139 (5), 703–711.10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000638
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EPA, 2015. EPANET. Available from: http://www2.epa.gov/water-research/epanet [Accessed July 2015].
   Google Scholar
• EPRI, 2002. Water & Sustainability (Volume 4): U.S. Electricity Consumption for Water Supply & Treatment – The Next Half Century. Electric Power Research Institute, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Farmani, R., Savic, D.A., and Walters, G.A., 2004. The simultaneous multi-objective optimization of Anytown pipe rehabilitation, tank sizing, tank siting and pump operation schedules. Proceedings of the ASCE-EWRI Water Congress. doi:10.1061/40737(2004)462
   Google Scholar
• Filion, Y.R., MacLean, H.L., and Karney, B.W., 2004. Life-cycle energy analysis of a water distribution systems. Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 10 (3), 120–130.10.1061/(ASCE)1076-0342(2004)10:3(119)
   Google Scholar
• Haskew, G.M., JR., 1963. Tank storage location. Journal of the American Water Works Association, 55 (3), 296–302.
   Google Scholar
• Ghimire, S.R. and Barkdoll, B.D., 2010. Sensitivity analysis of municipal drinking water distribution systems energy use to system properties. Urban Water Journal, 7 (4), 217–232.10.1080/1573062X.2010.484501
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herstein, L.M., Filion, Y.R., and Hall, K.R., 2009. Evaluating environmental impact in water distribution system design. Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 15 (3), 241–250.10.1061/(ASCE)1076-0342(2009)15:3(241)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herstein, L.M., Filion, Y.R., and Hall, K.R., 2010. Using life-cycle assessment to evaluate the environmental impacts of water network design and optimization. In: Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress. Providence, Rhode Island, USA, published on CD.
   Google Scholar
• Herstein, L.M., Filion, Y.R., and Hall, K.R., 2011. Evaluating the environmental impacts of water distribution systems by using EIO-LCA-based multiobjective optimization. Journal of Water Resources Planning & Management, 137 (2), 162–172.10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000101
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Izquierdo, J., Montalvo, Pérez, I.R., and Herrera, M., July 2008. Sensitivity analysis to assess the relative importance of pipes in water distribution networks. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 48, 1–2, 268–278.10.1016/j.mcm.2007.10.010
   Google Scholar
• Linsley, R.K., et al., 1992. Water-resources engineering. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Mays, L.W., ed., 1999. Water distribution systems handbook. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Inc.
   Google Scholar
• NIST, 2008. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Implementation of the BEES Impact Assessment Method[online]. February 2008; v4.00. Available from: http://www.bfrl.nist.gov/oae/software/bees/registration.htm
   Google Scholar
• Prasad, T.D., 2010. Design of pumped water distribution networks with storage. Journal of Water Resources Planning & Management, 136 (1), 129–132.10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2010)136:1(129)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasekh, A. and Brumbelow, K., 2013. Probabilistic analysis and optimization to characterize critical water distribution system contamination scenarios. Journal of Water Resources Planning & Management, 139 (2), 191–199. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000242
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rose, L., 2012. Despite challenge, Union Township water tower remains a Jersey landmark. Available from: http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2012/02/despite_challenge_union_townsh.html
   Google Scholar
• Savic, D.A. and Walters, G.A., 1997. Genetic methods for least-cost design of water distribution networks. Journal of Water Resources Planning & Management, 123 (2), 67–77.10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1997)123:2(67)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shammas, N.K. and Wang, L.K., 2011. Fair, Geyer, and Okun's water and wastewater engineering: Water supply and wastewater removal. 3rd ed. New York: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Stokes, C., Maier, H., and Simpson, A., 2014. Water distribution system pumping operational greenhouse gas emissions minimization by considering time-dependent emissions factors. Journal of Water Resources Planning & Management, 141 (7). doi:10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000484,04014088
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stokes, C.S., Maier, H.R., and Simpson, A.R., October 2015. Water distribution system pumping operational greenhouse gas emissions minimization by considering time-dependent emissions factors. Journal of Water Resources Planning & Management, 141(10).
   Google Scholar
• Stokes, C.S., Simpson, A.R., and Maier, H.R., 2014. The cost-green-house gas emission nexus for water distribution systems including the consideration of energy generating infrastructure: an integrated conceptual optimization framework and review of literature. Earth Perspectives, 1 (1), 1–17.
   Google Scholar
• Stokes, C.S., Simpson, A.R., and Maier, H.R., 2015. Effect of storage tank size on the minimization of water distribution system cost and greenhouse gas emissions while considering time-dependent emissions factors. Journal of Water Resources Planning & Management, 142 (2). doi:10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000582.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United Nations, 2016. Sustainable development goals. Available from: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/?menu=1300 [Accessed July 2016].
   Google Scholar
• US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 2013. Fiscal Year 2011 Drinking Water and Ground Water Statistics Report.
   Google Scholar
• Vairavamoorthy, K. and Ali, M., 2005. Pipe index vector: A method to improve genetic-method-based pipe optimization. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 131 (12), 1117–1125.10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2005)131:12(1117)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viessman, W. Jr. and Hammer, M.J., 1998. Water supply and pollution control. Menlo Park, CA: Addison Wesley Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Watertowers, 2015. Water tower facts [online]. Watertowers.com. Available from: http://www.watertowers.com/facts.html [Accessed December 2015].
   Google Scholar
• Wu, W., Maier, H.R., and Simpson, A.R., 2010. Single-objective versus multiobjective optimization of water distribution WDSs accounting for greenhouse gas emissions by carbon pricing. Journal of Water Resources Planning & Management, 136 (5), 1–11.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, W., Maier, H.R., and Simpson, A.R., 2012. Sensitivity of optimal tradeoffs between cost and greenhouse gas emissions for water distribution systems to electricity tariff and generation. Journal of Water Resources Planning & Management, 138 (2), 182–186.10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000169
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, W., Maier, H.R. and Simpson, A.R., 2013. Multiobjective optimization of water distribution systems accounting for economic cost, hydraulic reliability and greenhouse gas emissions. Water Resources Research, 49 (3), 1211–1225.10.1002/wrcr.20120
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, W., Simpson, A. R., and Maier, H. R., 2008. Water distribution system optimization accounting for a range of future possible carbon prices. In: Proceedings of the 10th Annual Symposium on Water Distribution Systems Analysis, Kruger National Park, South Africa, published on CD.
   Google Scholar
• Wu, W., Simpson, A.R., and Maier, H.R., 2010. Accounting for greenhouse gas emissions in multiobjective genetic method optimization of water distribution systems. Journal of Water Resources Planning & Management, 136 (2), 146–155.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zecchin, A.C., et al., 2007. Ant colony optimization applied to water distribution system design: comparative study of five methods. Journal of Water Resources Planning & Management, 133 (1), 87–92. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2007)133:1(87)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng, F., Simpson, A.R., and Zecchin, A.C., 2014. Coupled binary linear programming-differential evolution method approach for water distribution system optimization. Journal of Water Resources Planning & Management, 140 (5), 585–597.10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000367
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng, F., Zecchin, A.C., Simpson, A.R., and Lambert, M.F., 2014. Noncrossover dither creeping mutation-based genetic method for pipe network optimization. Journal of Water Resources Planning & Management, 140 (4), 553–557. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.000035110.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000351
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar