2,959
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

Understanding the costs of investigating coliform and E. coli detections during routine drinking water quality monitoring

, , , , , & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 101-108 | Received 27 Mar 2017, Accepted 18 Oct 2017, Published online: 21 Nov 2017

References

  • Berry, D., C. Xi, and L. Raskin. 2006. “Microbial Ecology of Drinking Water Distribution Systems.” Current Opinion in Biotechnology 17: 297–302.10.1016/j.copbio.2006.05.007
  • Besner, M.-C., M. Prévost, and S. Regli. 2011. “Assessing the Public Health Risk of Microbial Intrusian Events in Distribution Systems: Conceptual Model, Available Data, and Challenges.” Water Research 45: 961–979.10.1016/j.watres.2010.10.035
  • Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2014, June 3. CPI Inflation Calculator. United States Department of Labor. Accessed June 3, 2014. http://www.bls.gov/data/inflation_calculator.htm
  • Council of the European Communities. 1998. Council Directive of 3 November 1998 on the Quality of Water Intended for Human Consumption. 98/83/EC. European Commission.
  • Cozzolino, L., R. D. Morte, A. Palumbo, and D. Pianese. 2011. “Stochastic Approaches for Sensors Placement against Intentional Contaminations in Water Distribution Systems.” Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems 28 (1): 75–98.10.1080/10286608.2010.482653
  • Curriero, F., J. A. Patz, J. B. Rose, and S. Lele. 2001, August. “The Association between Extreme Precipitation and Waterborne Disease Outbreaks in the United States, 1948-1994.” American Journal of Public Health 91 (8): 1194–1199.10.2105/AJPH.91.8.1194
  • Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water. 2015. Welsh Water - Key Facts. Dŵr Cymru Welsh Water. Accessed July 2015. www.dwrcymru.com/en/Company-Information/Dwr-Cymru-Welsh_water/Key-Facts.aspx
  • Eboigbodin, K. E., A. Seth, and C. A. Biggs. 2008. “A Review of Biofilms in Domestic Plumbing.” Journal of the AWWA 100 (10): 1–15.
  • Ellis, K. 2013. Improving Root Cause Analysis of Bacteriological Water Quality Failures. EngD thesis, University of Sheffield.
  • Ellis, K., B. Ryan, M. R. Templeton, and C. A. Biggs. 2013. “Bacteriological Water Quality Compliance and Root Cause Analysis: An Industry Case Study.” Water Science and Technology: Water Supply 13 (4): 1034–1045.
  • Fricker, C. R. 2003. “The Presence of Bacteria in Water after Regrowth.” In Heterotrophic Plate Counts and Drinking-Water Safety, edited by J. Bartram, J. Cotruvo, M. Exner, C. Fricker, and A. Glasmacher, 52. London: IWA Publishing/World Health Organization.
  • GOV.UK. 2014, June 2. Holiday Entitlement. GOV.UK. Accessed June 4, 2014. www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights/entitlement
  • Hart, W. E., and R. Murray. 2010. “Review of Sensor Placement Strategies for Contamination Warning Systems in Drinking Water Distribution Systems.” Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 136 (6): 611–619.
  • HM Revenue & Customs. 2012, June. Travel - Mileage and Fuel Allowances. HM Revenue & Customs. www.hmrc.gov.uk/rates/travel.htm
  • Kistemann, T., F. Dangendorf, and M. Exner. 2001. “A Geographical Information System (GIS) as a Tool for Microbial Risk Assessment in Catchment Areas of Drinking Water Reservoirs.” International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 203: 225–233.10.1078/S1438-4639(04)70033-4
  • Lindhe, A., L. Rosén, T. Norberg, O. Bergstedt, and T. J. Pettersson. 2011. “Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Risk-Reduction Measures to Reach Water Safety Targets.” Water Research 45: 241–253.10.1016/j.watres.2010.07.048
  • Northumbrian Water Ltd. 2015. Northumbrian Water - At a Glance. Northumbrian Water Ltd.. Accessed July 2015. https://www.nwl.co.uk/your-home/at-a-glance.aspx
  • Office for National Statistics. 2011. Statistical Bulletin: 2011 Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (SOC 2000). Office for National Statistics. Accessed May 1, 2014. http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/ashe/annual-survey-of-hours-and-earnings/ashe-results-2011/ashe-statistical-bulletin-2011.html#tab-Hourly-earnings–excluding-overtime
  • Ofwat. 2010. Service and Delivery - Performance of the Water Companies in England and Wales 2009–10. Birmingham, AL: Ofwat.
  • Passerat, J., N. Ouattara, J.-M. Mouchel, V. Rocher, and P. Servais. 2011. “Impact of an Intense Combined Sewer Overflow Event on the Microbiological Water Quality of the Seine River.” Water Research 45 (2): 893–903.10.1016/j.watres.2010.09.024
  • Schets, F. M., M. During, R. Italiaander, L. Heijen, S. A. Rutjes, W. K. van der Zwaluw, and A. M. de Roda Husman. 2005. “Escherichia Coli O157:H7 in Drinking Water from Private Water Supplies in the Netherlands.” Water Research 39: 4485–4493.10.1016/j.watres.2005.08.025
  • Scottish Water. 2013. Performance Summary 2012/13. Dunfermline: Scottish Water.
  • Scottish Water. 2014. Key Facts. Scottish Water. Accessed May 21, 2014. www.scottishwater.co.uk/about-us/freedom-of-information/key-facts
  • Severn Trent Water. 2014. Our History. Severn Trent Water. Accessed May 21, 2014. www.severntrent.com/about-us/our-history
  • Speight, V. L., W. D. Kalsbeek, and F. A. DiGiano. 2004. “Randomized Stratified Sampling Methodology for Water Quality in Distribution Systems.” Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 130 (4): 330–338.10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2004)130:4(330)
  • Standing Committee of Analysts. 2002. The Microbiology of Water 2002: Part 1 - Water Quality and Public Health. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.
  • Standing Committee of Analysts. 2010. The Microbiology of Water 2010: Part 2 - Practices and Procedures for Sampling. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.
  • The Money Converter. 2014, June 2. Currency Conversion and Latest Exchange Rates for 90 World Currencies. The Money Converter. Accessed June 2, 2014. www.themoneyconverter.com
  • US Environmental Protection Agency. 1989. National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Total Coliforms (Including Fecal Coliforms and E. coli), 40 CFR Parts 141 and 142, Federal Register 54:124, June 29 1989. Cincinnati, OH: USEPA Office of Water.
  • US Environmental Protection Agency. 2010. Technology and Cost Document for the Proposed Revised Total Coliform Rule. Cincinnati: USEPA Office of Water.
  • US Environmental Protection Agency. 2012. Economic Analysis for the Final Revised Total Coliform Rule. USEPA Office of Water. Accessed April 12, 2013. www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OW-2008-0878-0275
  • US Environmental Protection Agency. 2013. National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Revisions to the Total Coliform Rule; Final Rule, 40 CFR Parts 141 and 142, Federal Register 78:30, February 13 2013. Cincinnati, OH: USEPA Office of Water.