1,272
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Composition, isotopic fingerprint and source attribution of nitrate deposition from rain and fog at a Sub-Arctic Mountain site in Central Sweden (Mt Åreskutan)

, , , , &

References

  • Aanes, R., Saether, B.-E. and Øritsland, N. A. 2000. Fluctuations of an introduced population of Svalbard reindeer: The effects of density dependence and climatic variation. Ecography 23, 437–443.
  • Armbruster, D. A. and Pry, T. 2008. Limit of blank, limit of detection and limit of quantitation. Clin. Biochem. Rev. 29, S49–S52.
  • Atkin, O. K. 1996. Reassessing the nitrogen relations of Arctic plants: A mini-review. Plant. Cell Environ. 19, 695–704.
  • Barkan, E. and Luz, B. 2007. Diffusivity fractionations of H216O/H217O and H216O/H218O in air and their implications for isotope hydrology. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 21, 2999–3005. doi: 10.1002/rcm.3180.
  • Bauer, S. E., Koch, D., Unger, N., Metzger, S. M., Shindell, D. T. and co-authors. 2007. Nitrate aerosols today and in 2030: a global simulation including aerosols and tropospheric ozone. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 7, 5043–5059. www.atmos-chem-phys.net/7/5043/2007/.
  • Bertills, U. and Näshol, T. 2000. Effects of Nitrogen Deposition on forest Ecosystems, Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Report 5067, Berlings Skogs, Trelleborg.
  • Burns, D. A. and Kendall, C. 2002. Analysis of δ15N and δ18O to differentiate NO3– sources in runoff at two watersheds in the Catskill Mountains of New York. Water Resour. Res. 38, 9-1–9-11. doi: 10.1029/2001WR000292.
  • Casciotti, K. L., Sigman, D. M., Galanter Hastings, M., Böhlke, J. K. and Hilkert, A. 2002. Measurement of the oxygen isotopic composition of nitrate in seawater and freshwater using the denitrifier method. Anal. Chem. 74, 4905–4912.
  • Collett, J. L. Jr., Daube, B. C. Jr., Munger, J. W. and Hoffmann, R. 1990. A comparison of two cloudwater/fogwater collector: The rotating arm collector and the Caltech active strand cloudwater collector. Atmospheric Environ. 24A, 1685–1692.
  • Demoz, B. B., Collett, J. L. and Daube, B. C. 1996. On the Caltech active strand cloudwater collectors. Atmos. Res. 41, 47–62.
  • Draxler, R. R. 2004. Description of the HYSPLIT4 Modeling System. Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD, NOAA Technical Memorandum ERLARL-224 edn.
  • Draxler, R. R. and Hess, G. D. 1998. An overview of the HYSPLIT_4 modeling system of trajectories, dispersion, and deposition. Austrian Meteorol. Magazine 47, 295–308.
  • Felix, J. D., Elliot, E. M. and Shaw, S. L. 2012. Nitrogen isotopic composition of coal-fired power plant NOx: Influence of emission controls and implications for global emission inventories. Environ. Sci. Technol. 46, 3528–3535.
  • Ferm, M., Westling, O. and Hultberg, H. 2000. Atmospheric deposition of base cations, nitrogen and Sulphur in coniferous forests in Sweden—attest of a new surrogate surface. Boreal Environ. Res 5, 197–207.
  • Fibiger, L. D. and Hastings, M. G. 2016. First measurements of the nitrogen isotopic composition of NOx from biomass burning. Environ. Sci. Technol. 50, 11569–11574. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03510.
  • Franke, V., Zieger, P., Wideqvist, U., Acosta- Navarro, J. C., Leck, C. and co-authors. 2017. Chemical composition and source analysis of carbonaceous aerosol particles at a mountaintop site in central Sweden. Tellus B: Chem. Phys. Met 69, 1353387. doi: 10.1080/16000889.2017.1353387.
  • Frey, M. M., Savarino, J., Morin, S., Erbland, J. and Martins, J. M. F. 2009. Photolysis imprint in the nitrate stable isotope signal in snow and atmosphere of East Antarctica and implications for reactive nitrogen cycling. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 9, 8681–8696.
  • Freyer, H. D. 1991. Seasonal variation of 15N/14N ratios in atmospheric nitrate species. Tellus B 43, 30–44.
  • Freyer, H. D., Kobel, K., Delmas, R. J., Kley, D. and Legrand, M. R. 1996. First results of 15N/14N ratios in nitrate from alpine and polar ice cores. Tellus B 48, 93–105.
  • Gerber, H. 1991. Direct measurement of suspended particulate volume concentration and far-infrared extinction coefficient with a laser-diffraction instrument. Appl. Opt. 30, 4824–4831.
  • Gibbons, J. D. and Chakraborti, S. 2003. Nonparametric Statistical Inference. 4th ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
  • Gilardoni, S., Massoli, P., Giulianelli, L., Rinaldi, M., Paglione, M. and co-authors. 2014. Fog scavenging of organic and inorganic aerosol in the Po Valley. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 14, 6967–6981. doi: 10.5194/acp-14-6967-2014.
  • Grahn, H., von Schoenberg, P. and Brännström, N. 2015. What’s that smell? Hydrogen sulphide transport from Bardarbunga to Scandinavia. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 303, 187–192.
  • Hardacre, C. J., Blei, E. and Heal, M. R. 2009. Growing season methyl bromide and methyl chloride fluxes at a sub-arctic wetland in Sweden. Geophys. Res. Lett 36, L12401. doi: 10.1029/2009GL038277.
  • Hastings, M. G. 2010. Evaluating source, chemistry and climate change based upon the isotopic composition of nitrate in ice cores. IOP Conf. Ser: Earth Environ. Sci. 9, 012002. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/9/1/012002.
  • Hastings, M. G., Jarvis, J. C. and Steig, E. J. 2009. Anthropogenic impacts on nitrogen isotopes of ice-core nitrate. Science 324, 1288
  • Hastings, M. G., Steig, E. J. and Sigman, D. M. 2004. Seasonal variations in N and O isotopes of nitrate in snow at Summit, Greenland: Implications for the study of nitrate in snow and ice cores. J. Geophys. Res 109, doi: 10.1029/2004JD004991.
  • Heaton, T. H. E. 1987. 15N/14N ratios of nitrate and ammonium in rain at Pretoria, South Africa. Atmos. Environ 21, 843–852.
  • Hongisto, M. 2015. The FMI emission inventory and source-receptor calculations across Finland’s eastern border. Int. J. Environ. Pollution 58, 15–26.
  • Holland, E. A., Dentener, F. J., Braswell, B. H. and Sulzman, J. M. 1999. Contemporary and pre-industrial global reactive nitrogen budgets. Biogeosci 46, 7–43.
  • Hultberg, H. and Ferm, M. 2003. Temporal changes and fluxes of sulphur and calcium in wet and dry deposition, internal circulation as well as in run-off and soil in a forest at Gårdsjön, Sweden. Biogeochem 68, 355–363.
  • Jung, J., Furutani, H., Uematsu, M., Kim, S. and Yoon, S. 2013. Atmospheric inorganic nitrogen input via dry, wet, and sea fog deposition to the subarctic western North Pacific Ocean. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 13, 411–428.
  • Kaiser, J., Hastings, M. G., Houlton, B. Z., Röckmann, T. and Sigman, D. M. 2007. Triple oxygen isotope analysis of nitrate using the denitrifier method and thermal decomposition of N2O. Anal. Chem. 79, 599–607.
  • KEMI-report 2014. Försålda kvantiteter av bekämpningsmedel. Kemikalieinspektionen, Arkitektkopia AB, Stockholm.
  • Kindbom, K., Sjöberg, K. and Lövblad, G. 1993. Beräkning av ackumulerad syrabelastning från atmosfären. Delrapport 1: Emissioner av svavel, kväve och alkaliskt stoft i Sverige 1900–1990. IVL Rapport B 1109. (In Swedish).
  • Lamarque, J.-F., Bond, T. C., Eyring, V., Granier, C., Heil, A. and co-authors. 2010. Historical (1850–2000) gridded anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions of reactive gases and aerosols: Methodology and application. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 10, 7017–7039. doi: 10.5194/acp-10-7017-2010.
  • Lange, C. A., Matschullat, J., Zimmermann, F., Sterzik, G. and Wienhaus, O. 2003. Fog frequency and chemical composition of fog water—a relevant contribution to atmospheric deposition in the eastern Erzgebirge, Germany. Atmos. Environ 37, 3731–3739.
  • Lee, J. D., Foulds, A., Purvis, R., Vaughan, A. R., Carslaw, D. and co-authors. 2015. NOx emissions from oil and gas production in the North Sea. AGU Fall Meeting 2015, abstract #A11M-0257.
  • Li, D. and Wang, X. 2008. Nitrogen isotopic signature of soil-released nitric oxide (NO) after fertilizer application. Atmos. Environ 42, 4747–4754. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.01.042.
  • Liu, S. C., Trainer, M., Fehsenfeld, F. C., Parrish, D. D., Williams, E. J. and co-authors. 1987. Ozone production in the rural troposphere and the implications for regional and global ozone distributions. J. Geophys. Res. 92, 4191–4207.
  • Matsumoto, K., Tominaga, S. and Igawa, M. 2011. Measurements of atmospheric aerosols with diameters greater than 10 μm and their contribution to fixed nitrogen deposition in coastal urban environment. Atmos. Environ 45, 6433–6438. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.07.061.
  • Michalski, G., Scott, Z., Kabiling, M. and Thiemens, M. H. 2003. First measurements and modeling of Δ17O in atmospheric nitrate. Geophys. Res. Lett 30, 1870. doi: 10.1029/2003GL017015.
  • Miller, D. J., Wojtal, P. K., Clark, S. C. and Hastings, M. G. 2017. Vehicle NOx emission plume isotopic signatures: Spatial variability across the eastern United States. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 122, 4698–4717. doi: 10.1002/2016JD025877.
  • Moore, H. 1977. The isotopic composition of ammonia, nitrogen dioxide and nitrate in the atmosphere. Atmos. Environ 11, 1239–1243.
  • Morin, S., J., Erbland, J., Savarino, F., Domine, J., Bock, U. and co-authors. 2012. An isotopic view on the connection between photolytic emissions of NOx from the Arctic snowpack and its oxidation by reactive halogens. J. Geophys. Res 117, D00R08. doi: 10.1029/2011JD016618.
  • Morin, S., Savarino, J., Frey, M. M., Yan, N., Bekki, S. and co-authors. 2008. Tracing the origin and fate of NOx in the Arctic atmosphere using stable isotopes in Nitrate. Science 322, 730–732.
  • Mosier, A. R., Bleken, M. A., Chaiwanakupt, P., Ellis, E. C., Freney, J. R. and co-authors. 2002. Policy implications of human-accelerated nitrogen cycling. Biogeosci 57/58, 477–516.
  • Myndigheten för samhallsskydd och beredskap (MSB). 2015. Skogsbranden i Västmanland 2014, Observatörsrapport MSB798, ISBN: 978-91-7383-527-5, 68 pp.
  • Ogren, J. A. and Charlson, R. J. 1984. Wet deposition of elemental carbon and sulfate in Sweden. Tellus 36B, 262–271.
  • Ogren, J. and Rodhe, H. 1986. Measurements of the chemical composition of cloudwater at a clean air site in central Scandinavia. Tellus B 38, 190–196.
  • Pleijel, H. (Ed.). 1999. Gorund-level ozone – A threat to vegetation. Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Report 4970, Ed. Berlings Skogs, Trelleborg.
  • Prank, M., Sofiev, M., Denier van der Gon, H. A. C., Kaasik, M., Ruuskanen, T. M. and co-authors. 2010. A refinement of the emission data for Kola Peninsula based on inverse dispersion modelling. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 10, 10849–10865. doi: 10.5194/acp-10-10849-2010.
  • Rinnan, R., Michelsen, A., Bååth, E. and Jonasson, S. 2007. Fifteen years of climate change manipulations alter soil microbial communities in a subarctic heath ecosystem. Global Change Biol. 13, 28–39. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01263.x.
  • Sasakawa, M., Ooki, A. and Uematsu, M. 2003. Aerosol size distribution during sea fog and its scavenge process of chemical substances over the northwestern North Pacific. J. Geophys. Res 108, 4120. doi: 10.1029/2002JD002329.
  • SkogsIndustrierna. 2018. http://www.skogsindustrierna.se/om-oss/vara-medlemmar/medlemskarta/, last visited on -02-09.
  • Summerhayes, C. P. and Thorpe, S. A. 1996. Oceanography: An Illustrated Guide. Wiley, New York, Chapter 11, pp. 165–181.
  • Templer, P. H., Weathers, K. C., Ewing, H. A., Dawson, T. E., Mambelli, S. and co-authors. 2015. Fog as a source of nitrogen for redwood trees: evidence from fluxes and stable isotopes. J. Ecol. 103, 1397–1407.
  • Vega, C. P., Pohjola, V. A., Samyn, D., Pettersson, R., Isaksson, E. and co-authors. 2015. First Ice Core Records of NO3− Stable Isotopes from Lomonosovfonna, Svalbard. J. Geophys. Res.: Atmos 120, doi: 10.1002/2013JD020930.
  • Walmsley, J. L., Schemenauer, R. and Bridgman, H. A. 1996. A method for estimating the hydrologic input from fog in mountainous terrain. J. Appl. Meteor. 35, 2237–2249.
  • WHO: World Health Organization. 2005. WHO Air Quality Guidelines for Particulate Matter, Ozone, Nitrogen Dioxide and Sulfur Dioxide. WHO Press, Geneva, Switzerland, WHO/SDE/PHE-/OEH/06.02.
  • Wilks, D. S. 2006. Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences. 2nd ed, Elsevier, San Diego, CA, p. 649.
  • Williard, K. W. J., DeWalle, D. R., Edwards, P. J. and Sharpe, W. E. 2001. 18O isotopic separation of stream nitrate sources in mid-Appalachian forested watersheds. J. Hydrol 252, 174–188.
  • Xu, L. and Penner, J. E. 2012. Global simulations of nitrate and ammonium aerosols and their radiative effects. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 12, 9479–9504.
  • Zieger, P., Tesche, M., Krejci, R., Baumgardner, D., Walther, A. and co-authors. 2015. Cloud and Aerosol characterization during CAEsAR 2014, AGU Fall Meeting 2015, abstract #A33G-0261.
  • Zimmermann, L. and Zimmermann, F. 2002. Fog deposition to Norway Spruce stands at high-elevation sites in the Eastern Erzgebirge (Germany). J. Hydrol 256, 166–175.