Normalization as a barometer: Recreational drug use and the consumption of leisure by younger Britons

References

• Aldridge, J., Parker, H., & Measham, F. (1999). Drug trying and drug use across adolescence, DPAS Paper 1. London: Home Office.
   Google Scholar
• Aust, R., Shap, C., & Goulden, C. (2002). Prevalence of drug use: Key findings from the 2001/2002 British Crime Survey. Home Office Findings 182, London: Home Office.
   Google Scholar
• Balding, J. (2000). Young people in 1999. Exeter: Schools Health Education Unit, University of Exeter.
   Google Scholar
• Boys, A., Fountain, J., Griffiths, P., Marsden, J., Stillwell, G., & Strang, J. (2000). Drugs decisions: A qualitative study of young people. London: Health Education Authority.
   Google Scholar
• Boys, A., Dobson, J., Griffiths, P., & Marsden, J. (2001). Blurred images: Young person’s perceptions of cocaine. Druglink, 4(16), 9–13.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cabinet Office (1999). First Annual Report and National Plan. London: United Kingdom Anti-Drugs Co-ordination Unit, Cabinet Office.
   Google Scholar
• Corkery, J. (2000). Snowed under – is it the real thing? Druglink, 15(3), 12–16.
   Google Scholar
• Duff, C. (2003). Drugs and youth cultures: Is Australia experiencing the normalisation of adolescent drug use. Journal of Youth Studies, 6(4), 433–446.
   Google Scholar
• Egginton, R., & Parker, H. (2000). Hidden heroin users: Young people’s unchallenged journeys to problematic drug use. London: Drugscope.
   Google Scholar
• Egginton, R., & Parker, H. (2001). From one-off triers to regular users: Measuring the regularity of drug taking in a cohort of English adolescents. Addiction Research, 10(1), 97–114.
   Google Scholar
• Flood-Page, C., Campbell, S., Harrington, V., & Miller, M. (2000). Youth crime: Findings from the 1998/99 youth lifestyle survey. Home Office Research Study 209, London: Home Office.
   Google Scholar
• Godfrey, C., Eaton, G., McDougall, C., & Culyer, A. (2002). The economic and social costs of Class A drug use in England and Wales, 2000. Home Office Research Study 249, HORDSD, London: Home Office.
   Google Scholar
• Grossman, M., & Chaloupka, F. (1998). The demand for cocaine by young adults: A rational addiction approach. Journal of Health Economics, 17, 427–474.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammersley, R., Marsland, L., & Reid, M. (2003). Substance use by young offenders: The impact of the normalisation of drug use in the early years of the 21st century. Research Study 261, HORDSD, London: Home Office.
   Google Scholar
• Hart, L., & Hunt, N. (1997). Choosers not losers? NHS: Invecta Community Care.
   Google Scholar
• Home Office (2002). Updated drug strategy 2002. London: Home Office.
   Google Scholar
• Hunt, N. (2002). Reasoning and restricted choices within recreational repertoires. International Journal of Drug Policy, 12, 425–428.
   Google Scholar
• Independent Inquiry (2000). Drugs and the law. Report of the Independent Inquiry into the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971, London: Police Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Laidler, J. (2003). Globalization and the illicit drug trade in Hong Kong. In C. Sumner (Ed.), The Blackwell Companion to Criminology. Oxford: Blackwell.
   Google Scholar
• Macdonald, R., & Marsh, J. (2002). Crossing the rubicon: Youth transitions, poverty, drugs and social exclusion. International Journal of Drug Policy, 13, 27–38.
   Google Scholar
• Measham, F., Newcombe, R., & Parker, H. (1994). The normalisation of recreational drug use amongst young people in north west England. British Journal of Sociology, 45(2), 287–312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Measham, F., Aldridge, J., & Parker, H. (2001). Dancing on drugs: Risk health and hedonism in the British club scene. London: Free Association Books.
   Google Scholar
• ONS (2001). Smoking, drinking and drug use among young people in England in 2000. London: Office of National Statistics/Dept. of Health.
   Google Scholar
• Parker, H., Aldridge, J., & Measham, F. (1998). Illegal leisure: The normalization of adolescent recreational drug use. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Parker, H., Bury, C., & Egginton, R. (1998). New heroin outbreaks amongst young people in England and Wales. Police Research Group, Paper 92, London: Home Office.
   Google Scholar
• Parker, H., Aldridge, J., & Egginton, R. (2001). UK drugs unlimited: New research and policy lessons on illicit drug use. Basingstoke, Palgrave.
   Google Scholar
• Parker, H., & Egginton, R. (2002). Adolescent recreational alcohol and drugs careers gone wrong: Developing a strategy for reducing risks and harms. International Journal of Drug Policy, 13, 419–432; 40(4), 345–368.
   Google Scholar
• Parker, H., Williams, L., & Aldridge, J. (2002). The normalisation of sensible recreational drug use: Further evidence from the N.W. longitudinal study. Sociology, 36(4), 941–964.
   Google Scholar
• Parker, H., & Williams, L. (2003). Intoxicated weekends: The cost and benefits of ‘recreational’ drinking and drug use for a cohort of English young adults. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy (Forthcoming).
   Google Scholar
• Pearson, G. (2001). Normal drug use: Ethnographic fieldwork among an adult network of recreational drug users in inner London. Substance Use & Misuse, 36(1–2), 167–200.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perri, 6., Jupp, B., Perry, H., & Laskey, K. (1997). The substance of youth. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation. Pirie, M., & Worcester, R. (1999). The next leaders? London: Adam Smith Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Ramsay, M., & Partridge, S. (1999). Drug misuse declared in 1998: Results from the British Crime Survey. London: Home Office Research Study 197.
   Google Scholar
• Shiner, M., & Newburn, T. (1997). Definitely, maybe not? The normalisation of recreational drug use amongst young people. Sociology, 31, 511–529.
   Google Scholar
• Trace, M. (2003). Snakes and ladders: Five years inside government drug policy. Druglink, 18(2), 8–9.
   Google Scholar
• Wibberley, C., & Price, J. (2000). Patterns of psycho-stimulant drug use amongst social/operational users: Implications for services. Addiction Research, 8(1), 95–112.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, L., & Parker, H. (2001). Alcohol, cannabis, ecstasy and cocaine: Drugs of reasoned choice amongst young adults in England. International Journal of Drugs Policy, 12(5/6), 397–413.
   Google Scholar
• Wolfensberger, W. (1972). The principle of normalisation in human services. Toronto: National Institute on Mental Retardation.
   Google Scholar
• Wolfensberger, W. (1980). The definition of normalisation. Updates, problems, disagreements and misunder- standings. In R. Flynn & K. Nitsch (Eds), Normalisation, social integration and community services. Baltimore: University Park Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wolfensberger, W. (1984). A reconceptualistion of normalisation as social role valorization. Mental Retardation, 34, 22–25.
   Google Scholar
• Young, L., & Jones, R. (1997). Young people and drugs. Liverpool: SHADO.
   Google Scholar