Advanced search
Publication Cover
Autoimmunity Volume 38, 2005 - Issue 2
Submit an article Journal homepage
150
Views
69
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

New developments in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis

Lazaros I. Sakkas Associate Professor of Medicine and Rheumatology, Thessaly University School of Medicine, Larisa, GreeceCorrespondence[email protected]
Pages 113-116 | Received 13 Jan 2005, Accepted 24 Jan 2005, Published online: 07 Jul 2009

References

  • Hayes MD, Lacey JV, Jr, Beebe-Dimmer J, Gillespie BW, Cooper B, Laing TJ, Schottenfeld D. Prevalence, incidence, survival and disease characteristics of systemic sclerosis in a large US population. Arthritis Rheum 2003;48:2246–2255.
  • Whitfield ML, Finlay DR, Murray JI, Troyanskaya OG, Chi J-T, Pergamenschikov A, McCalmont TH, Brown PO, Botstein D, Connolly MK. Systemic and cell-cycle specific gene expression patterns in scleroderma skin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003;100:12319–12324.
  • Sakkas LI, Platsoucas CD. Is systemic sclerosis an antigen-driven T cell disease? Arthritis Rheum 200450:1721-1733.
  • Massague J. Transforming growth factor-13 family. Annu Rev Cell Biol 1990;6:597–641.
  • Nabel EG, Shum L, Pompili VJ, Yang Z, San H, Shu HB, Liptay S, Gold L, Gordon D, Derynck R, Nabel GJ.Direct transfer of transforming growth factor 131 gene into arteries stimulates fibrocellular hyperlpasia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993;90: 10759–10763.
  • Ihn H, Yamane K, Kubo M, Tamaki K. Blockade of endogenous transforming growth factor 13 signaling prevents upregulated collagen synthesis in scleroderma fibroblasts: Association with increased expression of transforming growth factor 13 receptors. Arthritis Rheum 2001;44:474–480.
  • Lakos G, Takagawa S, Chen SJ, Ferreira AM, Han G, Masuda K, Wang XJ, DiPietro LA, Varga J. Targeted disruption of TGF-beta/Smad3 signaling modulates skin fibrosis in a mouse model of scleroderma. Am J Pathol 2004;165: 203–217.
  • Ebisawa T, Fukuchi M, Murakami G, Chiba T, Tanaka K, Imamura T. Smurfl interacts with transforming growth factor-b type I receptor through Smad7 and induces receptor degradation. J Biol Chem 2001;276:12477–12480.
  • Asano Y, Ihn H, Yamane K, Kubo M, Tamaki K. Impaired Smad7-Smurf-mediated negative regulation of TGF13 signaling in scleroderma fibroblasts. J Chin Invest 2004; 113:253–264.
  • Postlethwaite AE, Holness MA, Katai H, Raghow R. Human fibroblasts synthesize elevated levels of extracellular matrix proteins in response to interleukin 4. J Clin Invest 1992;90:1479–1485.
  • Mueller R, Krahl T, Sarvetnick N. Tissue-specific expression of interleukin-4 induces extracellular matrix accumulation and extravasation of B cells. Lab Invest 1997;76: 117–128.
  • Ushiyama C, Hirano T, Miyajima H, Okumura K, Ovary Z, Hashimoto H. Anti-IL-4 antibody prevents graft-versus-host disease in mice after bone marrow transplantation. The IgE allotype is an important marker of graft-versus-host disease. J Immunol 1995;154:2687–2696.
  • Gay S, Jones RE, Huang GQ, Gay RE. Immunohistologic demonstration of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and sis-oncogene expression in scleroderma. J Invest Dermatol 1989;92:301–303.
  • Gharaee-Kermani M, Denholm EM, Phan SH. Costimulation of fibroblast collagen and transforming growth factor betal gene expression by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 via specific receptors. J Biol Chem 1996;271: 17779–17784.
  • Shi-wen X, Pennington D, Holmes A, Leask A, Bradham D, Beauchamp JR, Fonseca L, du Bois R1\4, Martin GR, Black CM, Abraham DJ. Autocrine overexpression of CTGF maintains fibrosis: RDA analysis of fibrosis genes in systemic sclerosis. Exp Cell Res 2000;259: 213–224.
  • Distler O, Del Rosso A, Giacomelli R, Cipriani P, Conforti ML, Guiducci S, Gay RE, Michel BA, Bruhlmann P, Muller-Ladner U, Gay S, Matucci-Cerinic M. Angiogenic and angiostatic factors in systemic sclerosis: Increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor are a feature of earliest disease stages and are associated with absence of fingertips ulcers. Arthritis Res 2002;4:R11.
  • Worda M, Sgonc R, Dietrich H, Niedergger H, Sundick RS, Gershwin ME, Wick G. In vivo analysis of the apoptosis-inducing effect of anti-endothelial cell antibodies in systemic sclerosis by the chorioallantoic membrane assay. Arthritis Rheum 2003;48:2605–2614.
  • Kuwana M, Okazaki Y, Yasuoka H, Kawakami Y, Ikeda Y. Defective vasculogenesis in systemic sclerosis. Lancet 2004;364:603–610.
  • Vancheeswaran R, Azam A, Black C, Dashwood MR. Localization of endothelin-1 and its binding sites in scleroderma skin. J Rheumatol 1994;21:1268–1276.
  • Shi-Wen X, Denton CP, Dashwood MR, Holmes MA, Bou-Charios G, Pearson JD, Black CM, Abraham DJ. Fibroblast matrix gene expression and connective tissue remodeling: Role of endothelin-1. J Invest Dermatol 2001;116: 417–425.
  • Xu SW, Denton CP, Dashwood MR, Abraham DJ, Black CM. Endothelin-1 regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule–1

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.