References
- Apodaca TR, Longabaugh R. 2009. Mechanisms of change in motivational interviewing: a review and preliminary evaluation of the evidence. Addiction. 104:705–715.
- Arkowitz H, Miller WR, Westra HA, Rollnick S. 2008. Motivational interviewing in the treatment of psychological problems: conclusions and future directions. In: Arkowitz H, Westra HA, Miller WR, Rollnick S, editors. Motivational interviewing in the treatment of psychological problems. New York (NY): Guilford Press. p. 324–342.
- Bem DJ. 1967. Self-perception: an alternative interpretation of cognitive dissonance phenomena. Psychol Rev. 74:183–200.
- Boyatzis R. 1998. Transforming qualitative information: thematic analysis and code development. Thousand Oaks (CA): Sage Publications, Inc.
- Clark JK, Wegener DT, Fabrigar LR. 2008. Attitudinal ambivalence and message-based persuasion: motivated processing of proattitudinal information and avoidance of counterattitudinal information. Person Soc Psychol Bull. 34:565–577.
- Conner M, Sparks P, Povey R, James R, Shepherd R, Armitage CJ. 2002. Moderator effects of attitudinal ambivalence on attitude-behaviour relationships. Eur J Soc Psychol. 32:705–718.
- Corbin J, Strauss A. 2008. Basics of qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks (CA): Sage Publications, Inc.
- Creswell J. 1998. Qualitative inquiry and research design: choosing among five traditions. Thousand Oaks (CA): Sage Publications, Inc.
- Damasio A. 1994. Descarte’s error: emotion, rationality and the human brain. New York (NY): Putnam (Grosset Books).
- Dare PS, Derigne L. 2010. Denial in alcohol and other drug use disorders: A critique of theory. Addiction Research & Theory. 18:181–193.
- Dupree CH, Magill M, Apodaca TR. 2016. The pros and cons of drinking: A qualitative analysis of young adult drinking discussions within motivational interviewing. Addiction Research & Theory. 24:40–47.
- Engle DE, Arkowitz H. 2006. Ambivalence in psychotherapy: facilitating readiness to change. New York (NY): Guilford Press.
- Festinger L. 1957. A theory of cognitive dissonance. Evanston (IL): Row, Peterson.
- Freud S. 1930. Civilization and its discontents. Oxford, England: Hogarth.
- Glaser BG, Strauss AL. 1967. The discovery of grounded theory: strategies for qualitative research. New Brunswick, USA: Aldine Transaction.
- Haynes S, Richard D, Kubany E. 1995. Content validity in psychological assessment: a functional approach to concepts and methods. Psychol Assess. 7:238–247.
- Hettema J, Steele J, Miller WR. 2005. Motivational interviewing. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 1:91–111.
- Jonas K, Broemer P, Diehl M. 2000. Attitudinal ambivalence. Eur Rev Soc Psychol. 11:35–74.
- Lombardi DR, Button ML, Westra HA. 2014. Measuring motivation: change talk and counter-change talk in cognitive behavioral therapy for generalized anxiety. Cogn Behav Ther. 43:12–21.
- Magill M, Stout RL, Apodaca TR. 2013. Therapist focus on ambivalence and commitment: a longitudinal analysis of Motivational Interviewing treatment ingredients. Psychol Addict Behav. 27:754–762.
- Miller W, Moyers T, Ernst D, Amrhein P. 2008. Manual for the Motivational Interviewing Skill Code (MISC). Version 2.1. Available from: http://casaa.unm.edu/download/misc.pdf
- Miller WR, Rollnick S. 2002. Motivational interviewing: preparing people for change. New York (NY): Guilford Press.
- Miller WR, Rollnick S. 2013. Motivational interviewing: helping people change. 3rd ed. New York (NY): Guilford Press.
- Miller WR, Rose GS. 2015. Motivational interviewing and decisional balance: contrasting responses to client ambivalence. Behav Cogn Psychother. 43:129–141.
- Moyers TB, Martin T, Christopher PJ, Houck JM, Tonigan JS, Amrhein PC. 2007. Client language as a mediator of motivational interviewing efficacy: where is the evidence? Alcohol: Clin Exp Res. 31:40S–47S.
- Moyers TB, Rollnick S. 2002. A motivational interviewing perspective on resistance in psychotherapy. J Clin Psychol. 58:185–193.
- Neale J, Allen D, Coombes L. 2005. Qualitative research methods within the addictions. Addiction. 100:1584–1593.
- Padgett D. 2009. Qualitative and mixed methods in social work knowledge development. Soc Work. 54:101–105.
- Prochaska J, DiClemente C. 1986. Toward a comprehensive model of change. Treating addictive behaviors: processes of change. New York (NY): Plenum Press. p. 3–27.
- Prochaska J, DiClemente CC. 1984. The transtheoretical approach: crossing traditional boundaries of therapy. Homewood (IL): Dow/Jones Irwin.
- QSR International. 2010. Nvivo 9 [computer software]. Available from: http://www.qsrinternational.com/products_previous-products_nvivo9.aspx
- Scott M. 2008. WordSmith Tools version 5. Liverpool: Lexical Analysis Software.
- Sincoff JB. 1990. The psychological characteristics of ambivalent people. Clin Psychol Rev. 10:43–68.
- Strauss A, Corbin J. 1998. Basics of qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks (CA): Sage Publications, Inc.
- van Harreveld F, Nohlen HU, Schneider IK. 2015. The ABC of ambivalence: affective, behavioral, and cognitive consequences of attitudinal conflict. Adv Exp Soc Psychol. 52:285–324.