‘Addicted to being cool’: occasional smoking in a western context of tobacco denormalization

References

• Barbeau EM, Krieger N, Soobader MJ. 2004. Working class matters: socioeconomic disadvantage, race/ethnicity, gender, and smoking in NHIS 2000. Am J Public Health. 94:269–278.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biernacki P, Waldorf D. 1981. Snowball sampling: problems and techniques of chain referral sampling. Sociol Methods Res. 10:141–163.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjerregaard BK, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Sørensen M, Frederiksen K, Tjønneland A, Rohrmann S, Linseisen J, Bergman MM, Boeing H, Sieri S, et al. 2006. The effect of occasional smoking on smoking-related cancers. Cancer Causes Control. 17:1305–1309.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandt AM. 2007. The cigarette century: the rise, fall and deadly persistence of the product that defined America. New York: Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• Brown AE, Carpenter MJ, Sutfin EL. 2011. Occasional smoking in college: who, what, when and why? Addict Behav. 36:1199–1204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarke A. 2005. Situational analysis: grounded theory after the postmodern turn. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Elliott A. 2001. Concepts of the self. Cambridge: Polity press.
   Google Scholar
• Goffman E. 1963. Stigma. Notes on the management of spoiled identity. Englewood Cliffs (NJ): Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Goffman E. 1964. The neglected situation. Am anthropol. 66:133–136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goffman E. 1967. Interaction ritual. Essays on face-to-face behaviour. New York: Pantheon Books.
   Google Scholar
• Goffman E. 1978. The presentation of self in everyday life. Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin Books.
   Google Scholar
• Hammond D, Fong GT, Zanna MP, Thrasher JF, Borland R. 2006. Tobacco denormalization and industry beliefs among smokers from four countries. Am J Prevent Med [Internet]. 31:225–232. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2006.04.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassmiller KM, Warner KE, Mendez D, Levy DT, Romano E. 2003. Nondaily smokers: who are they? Am J Public Health. 93:1321–1327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Healey B, Hoek J. 2015. Young adult smokers’ and prior-smokers’ evaluations of novel tobacco warning images. NicTobRes 18:93–97.
   Google Scholar
• Hilton M. 2000. Smoking in British popular culture 1800?2000: perfect pleasures. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hoek J, Hoek-Sims A, Gendall P. 2013a. A qualitative exploration of young adult smokers’ responses to novel tobacco warnings. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 13:1. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-609
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoek J, Maubach N, Stevenson R, Gendall P, Edwards R. 2013b. Social smokers’ management of conflicted identities. Tob Control. 22:261–265.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holstein J, Gubrium JF. 2003. Inside interviewing: New lenses, new concerns. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Ioannou S. 2003. Young people’s accounts of smoking, exercising, eating and drinking alcohol: being cool or being unhealthy? Critical Public Health. 13:357–371.
   Google Scholar
• Husten CG. 2009. How should we define light or intermittent smoking? Does it matter? Nicotine Tobacco Res. 11:111–121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins R. 2014. Social identity. 3rd ed. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Jiang N, Ling PM. 2013. Impact of alcohol use and bar attendance on smoking and quit attempts among young adult bar patrons. Am J Public Health. 103:e53–e61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang N, Lee YO, Ling PM. 2014. Association between tobacco and alcohol use among young adult bar patrons: a cross-sectional study in three cities. BMC Public Health. 14:500.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein R. 1995. Cigarettes are sublime. Durham and London: Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Krange O, Pedersen W. 2001. Return of the Marlboro Man? Recreational smoking among young Norwegian adults. J Youth Stud. 4:155–174.
   Google Scholar
• Kvaavik E, Scheffels J, Lund M. 2014. [Occasional smoking in Norway]. Tidsskriftet. 134:163–167.
   Google Scholar
• Lee JK, Boyle RG, D'Silva J, St C, Ann W, et al. 2013. Smoker identity among occasional smokers: findings from Minnesota. Am J Hlth Behav. 37:525–530.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lennon A, Gallois C, Owen N, McDermott L. 2005. Young women as smokers and nonsmokers: a qualitative social identity approach. Qualitative Health Res. 15:1345–1359.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindbak R, Helleve A. 2013. Tal om tobakk 1973–2012. [Tobacco in Norway 1973-2012]. Oslo (Norway): The Norwegian Directorate of Health.
   Google Scholar
• Lindström M, Moghaddassi M, Bolin K, Lindgren B, Merlo J. 2003. Social participation, social capital and daily tobacco smoking: a population-based multilevel analysis in Malmö, Sweden. Scand J Public Health. 31:444–450.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lund KE, Lund M. 2005. [Smoking and social inequality in Norway 1998-2000]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 125:560–563.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Measham F, Brain K. 2005. ‘Binge’ drinking, British alcohol policy and the new culture of intoxication. Crime Media Culture. 1:262–283.
   Google Scholar
• Michell L, Amos A. 1997. Girls, pecking order and smoking. Social Sci Med. 44:1861–1869.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nichter M, Nichter M, Carkoglu A, Lloyd-Richardson E. Tobacco Etiology Research Network. 2010. Smoking and drinking among college students: “it’s a package deal”. Drug Alcohol Depend. 106:16–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nichter M. 2015. Lighting up: the rise of social smoking on college campuses. New York, NY: NYU Press.
   Google Scholar
• Room R. 2004. Smoking and drinking as complementary behaviours. Biomed Pharmacother. 58:111–115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schane RE, Glantz SA, Ling PM. 2009. Nondaily and social smoking: an increasingly prevalent pattern. Arch Intern Med. 169:1742–1744.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schane RE, Ling PM, Glantz SA. 2010. Health effects of light and intermittent smoking a review. Circulation. 121:1518–1522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheffels J, Lund KE. 2005. Occasional smoking in adolescence: constructing an identity of control. J Youth Stud. 8:445–460.
   Google Scholar
• Silverman D. 2006. Interpreting qualitative data: Methods for analyzing talk, text and interaction. London, UK: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Skretting A, Bye EK, Vedøy TF, Lund KE. Rusmidler i Norge 2015. Statens institutt for rusmiddelforskning (SIRUS). Statistikkrapport; 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Shiffman S. 2009. Light and intermittent smokers: background and perspective. NicTobRes 11:122–125.
   Google Scholar
• Stromberg P, Nichter M, Nichter M. 2007. Taking play seriously: Low-level smoking among college students. Cult Med Psychiatry. 31:1–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stuber J, Galea S, Link BG. 2008. Smoking and the emergence of a stigmatized social status. Soc Sci Med. 67:420–430.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson L, Pearce J, Barnett R. 2009. Nomadic identities and socio-spatial competence: making sense of post-smoking selves. Social Cultural Geography. 10:565–581.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tutenges S. 2013. The road of excess. Harvard Divin Bull. 41:33–40.
   Google Scholar
• Wigginton B, Morphett K, Gartner C. 2016. Is it the nicotine? Australian smokers’ accounts of nicotine addiction. Addict Res Theory. [Epub ahead of print]. doi: 10.1080/16066359.2016.1269892.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitesel J, Shuman A. 2009. Social smoking: an untenable position. Sociol Focus. 42:330–349
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization (WHO). 2013. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2013: enforcing bans on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship. Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar