799
Views
24
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Article

Warning messages for electronic gambling machines: evidence for regulatory policies

, , , &
Pages 495-504 | Received 19 Oct 2016, Accepted 18 Apr 2017, Published online: 28 Apr 2017

References

  • Alcohol Beverage Labeling Act of 1988. 1988. 27 U.S.C. § 213-219.
  • Argo JJ, Main KJ. 2004. Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of warning labels. J Publ Policy Market. 23:193–208.
  • Auer M, Griffiths MD. 2013. Voluntary limit setting and player choice in most intense online gamblers: An empirical study of gambling behaviour. J Gambl Stud. 29:647–660.
  • Auer MM, Griffiths MD. 2015a. Testing normative and self-appraisal feedback in an online slot-machine pop-up in a real-world setting. Front Psychol. 6:339.
  • Auer MM, Griffiths MD. 2015b. The use of personalized behavioral feedback for online gamblers: an empirical study. Front Psychol. 6:1–11.
  • Auer M, Malischnig D, Griffiths MD. 2014. Is “pop-up” messaging in online slot machine gambling effective as a responsible gambling strategy? J Gambl Iss. 29:1–10.
  • Benhsain K, Taillefer A, Ladouceur R. 2004. Awareness of independence of events and erroneous perceptions while gambling. Addict Behav. 29:399–404.
  • Blaszczynski A, Cowley E, Anthony C, Hinsley K. 2016. Breaks in play: do they achieve intended aims? J Gambl Stud. 32:789–800.
  • Blaszczynski A, Gainsbury S, Karlov L. 2014. Blue gum gaming machine: an evaluation of responsible gambling features. J Gambl Stud. 30:697–712.
  • Brownson RC, Gurney JG, Land GH. 1999. Evidence-based decision making in public health. J Public Health Manag Pract. 5:86–97.
  • Cloutier M, Ladouceur R, Sevigny S. 2006. Responsible gambling tools: pop-up messages and pauses on video lottery terminals. J Psychol. 140:434–438.
  • Comprehensive Smoking Education Act of 1984. 1984. 15 U.S.C. § 98-474.
  • Department of Internal Affairs. 2005. Mandatory 'pop-up' on gaming machines will interrupt gambling for 15 second intervals [Internet]. Available from http://www.dia.govt.nz
  • Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act of 1966. 1966. 15 U.S.C. § 89-92.
  • Flay BR. 1986. Efficacy and effectiveness trials (and other phases of research) in the development of health promotion programs. Prev Med. 15:451–474.
  • Floyd K, Whelan JP, Meyers AW. 2006. Use of warning messages to modify gambling beliefs and behavior in a laboratory investigation. Psychol Addict Behav. 20:69–74.
  • Forsström D, Hesser H, Carlbring P. 2016. Usage of a responsible gambling tool: a descriptive analysis and latent class analysis of user behavior. J Gambl Stud. 32:889–904.
  • Frahn T, Delfabbro P, King DL. 2015. Exposure to free-play modes in simulated online gaming increases risk-taking in monetary gambling. J Gambl Stud. 31:1531–1543.
  • Gainsbury S, Aro D, Ball D, Tobar C, Russell A. 2015a. Determining optimal placement for pop-up messages: evaluation of a live trial of dynamic warning messages for electronic gaming machines. Int Gambl Stud. 15:141–158.
  • Gainsbury SM, Aro D, Ball D, Tobar C, Russell A. 2015b. Optimal content for warning messages to enhance consumer decision making and reduce problem gambling. J Business Res. 68:2093–2101.
  • Gainsbury S, Blaszczynski A. 2011. The appropriateness of using laboratories and student participants in gambling research. J Gambl Stud. 27:83–97.
  • Ginley MK, Whelan JP, Keating HA, Meyers AW. 2016. Gambling warning messages: the impact of winning and losing on message reception across a gambling session. Psychol Addict Behav. 30:931–938.
  • Glasgow RE, Lichtenstein E, Marcus AC. 2003. Why don’t we see more translation of health promotion research to practice? Rethinking the efficacy-to-effectiveness transition. Am J Public Health. 93:1261–1267.
  • Harris A, Griffiths MD. 2017. A critical review of the harm-minimisation tools available for electronic gambling. J Gambl Stud. 33:187–221.
  • Harris A, Parke A. 2016. The interaction of gambling outcome and gambling harm-minimisation strategies for electronic gambling: the efficacy of computer generated self-appraisal messaging. Int J Ment Health Addict. 14:597–617.
  • Hammond D. 2011. Health warning messages on tobacco products: a review. Tob Control. 20:327–337.
  • Hillamo J, Crosbie E, Glantz SA. 2014. The evolution of health warning labels on cigarette packs: the role of precedents and tobacco industry strategies to block diffusion. Tob Control. 23:547–555.
  • Jardin BF, Wulfert E. 2009. The use of messages in altering risky gambling behavior in college students: an experimental analogue study. Am J Addict. 18:243–247.
  • Jardin BF, Wulfert E. 2012. The use of messages in altering risky gambling behavior in experienced gamblers. Psychol Addict Behav. 26:166–170.
  • Kim HS, Wohl MJA, Stewart MJ, Sztainert T, Gainsbury SM. 2014. Limit your time, gamble responsibly: setting a time limit (via pop-up message) on an electronic gaming machine reduces time on device. Int Gambl Stud. 14:266–278.
  • Korn DA, Shaffer HJ. 1999. Gambling and the health of the public: adopting a public health perspective. J Gambl Stud. 15:289–365.
  • Ladouceur R, Sévigny S. 2009. Electronic gambling machines: influence of a clock, a cash display, and a precommitment on gambling time. J Gambl Iss. 23:31–41.
  • Landon J, Palmer du Preez K, Bellringer M, Page A, Abbott M. 2016. Pop-up messages on electronic gaming machines in New Zealand: experiences and views of gamblers and venue staff. Int Gambl Stud. 16:49–66.
  • Livingstone C, Rintoul A, Francis LJ. 2014. What is the evidence for harm minimisation measures in gambling venues? Evidence Base. 2:1–24.
  • Mazis MB, Morris LA, Swasy JL. 1991. An evaluation of the alcohol warning label: initial survey results. J Publ Policy Market. 10:229–241.
  • Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. 2009. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Ann Intern Med. 151:264–269.
  • Monaghan S. 2008. Review of pop-up messages on electronic gaming machines as a proposed responsible gaming strategy. Int J Ment Health Addict. 6:214–222.
  • Monaghan S. 2009. Responsible gambling strategies for Internet gambling: the theoretical and empirical base of using pop-up messages to encourage self-awareness. Comput Hum Behav. 25:202–207.
  • Monaghan S, Blaszczynski A. 2009. Electronic gaming machine warning messages: information versus self-evaluation. J Psychol. 144:83–96.
  • Monaghan S, Blaszczynski A. 2010. Impact of mode of display and message content of responsible gambling signs for electronic gaming machines on regular gamblers. J Gambl Stud. 26:67–88.
  • Monaghan S, Blaszczynski A, Nower L. 2009. Do warning signs on electronic gaming machines influence irrational cognitions? Psychol Rep. 105:173–187.
  • Moodie C, Reith G. 2009. Responsible gambling signage on electronic gaming machines, before and after the implementation of the United Kingdom Gambling Act: an observational study. Int Gambl Stud. 9:5–17.
  • Munoz Y, Chebat JC, Suissa JA. 2010. Using fear appeals in warning labels to promote responsible gambling among VLT players: the key role of depth of information processing. J Gambl Stud. 26:593–609.
  • Myers ML, Iscoe C, Jennings C, Lenox W, Minsky E, Sacks A. 1981. Federal trade commission staff report on the cigarette advertising investigation. Washington, DC: Federal Trade Commission.
  • Nathan PE, Stuart SP, Dolan SL. 2000. Research on psychotherapy efficacy and effectiveness: between Scylia and Charybdis? Psychol Bull. 126:964–981.
  • New South Wales Government. 2005. Towards a culture of responsibility in gambling. Syndey: New South Wales Government.
  • Nova Scotia Gaming Corporation. 2002. Report confirms gaming corp. on the right track [Internet]. Available from: http://www.gov.ns.ca
  • Orazi DC, Lei J, Bove LL. 2015. The nature and framing of gambling consequences in advertising. J Business Res. 68:2049–2056.
  • Palmer du Preez K, Landon J, Bellringer M, Garrett N, Abbott M. 2016. The effects of pop-up harm minimisation messages on electronic gaming machine gambling behaviour in New Zealand. J Gambl Stud. 32:1115–1126.
  • Petry NM, Blanco C. 2013. National gambling experiences in the United States: will history repeat itself? Addiction. 108:1032–1037.
  • Phillips JG, Ogeil RP. 2010. Alcohol influences the use of decisional support. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 208:603–611.
  • Planzer S, Gray HM, Shaffer HJ. 2014. Associations between national gambling policies and disordered gambling prevalence rates within Europe. Int J Law Psychiatry. 37:217–229.
  • Purmehdi M, Legoux R, Carrillat F, Senecal S. 2016. The effectiveness of warning labels for consumers: a meta-analytic investigation into their underlying process and contingencies. J Pub Policy Market. [in press]
  • Ringold DJ. 2002. Boomerang effects in response to public health interventions: some unintended consequences in the alcoholic beverage market. J Consumer Policy. 25:27–63.
  • Rockloff MJ, Donaldson P, Browne M. 2015. Jackpot expiry: an experimental investigation of a new EGM player-protection feature. J Gambl Stud. 31:1505–1514.
  • Seligman ME. 1995. The effectiveness of psychotherapy. the consumer reports study. Am Psychol. 50:965–974.
  • Shaffer HJ, Korn DA. 2002. Gambling and related mental disorders: a public health analysis. Annu Rev Public Health. 23:171–212.
  • Steenbergh TA, Whelan JP, Meyers AW, May RK, Floyd K. 2004. Impact of warning and brief intervention messages on knowledge of gambling risk, irrational beliefs and behaviour. Int Gambl Stud. 4:3–16.
  • Stewart MJ, Wohl MJ. 2013. Pop-up messages, dissociation, and craving: how monetary limit reminders facilitate adherence in a session of slot machine gambling. Psychol Addict Behav. 27:268–273.
  • United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. 1964. Smoking and health: report of the advisory committee of the surgeon general of the Public Health Service.
  • Walker DM, Litvin SW, Sobel RS, St-Pierre RA. 2015. Setting win limits: an alternative approach to responsible gambling? J Gambl Stud. 31:965–986.
  • Welte JW, Barnes GM, Tidwell MCO, Hoffman JH, Wieczorek WF. 2014. Gambling and problem gambling in the United States: changes between 1999 and 2013. J Gambl Stud. 31:695–715.
  • Wohl MJ, Gainsbury S, Stewart MJ, Sztainert T. 2013. Facilitating responsible gambling: the relative effectiveness of education-based animation and monetary limit setting pop-up messages among electronic gaming machine players. J Gambl Stud. 29:703–717.
  • Wohl MJ, Parush A, Kim HAS, Warren K. 2014. Building it better: applying human–computer interaction and persuasive system design principles to a monetary limit tool improves responsible gambling. Comp Hum Behav. 37:124–132.
  • Wood RTA, Wohl MJA. 2015. Assessing the effectiveness of a responsible gambling behavioural feedback tool for reducing the gambling expenditure of at-risk players. Int Gambl Stud. 15:1–16.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.