764
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Energy and nutrient contribution of different food groups to the dietary intake of 6- to <9-month-old infants in a low socioeconomic community in North West Province, South Africa

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 126-135 | Received 20 Apr 2022, Accepted 24 Oct 2022, Published online: 06 Dec 2022

References

  • Du Plessis LM, Kruger H, Sweet L. Complementary feeding: a critical window of opportunity from six months onwards. S Afr J Clin Nutr. 2013;26(Suppl 1):S129–S40. http://sajcn.co.za/index.php/SAJCN/article/view/757
  • Dewey KG. The challenge of meeting nutrient needs of infants and young children during the period of complementary feeding: an evolutionary perspective. J Nutr. 2013;143(12):2050–4. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.113.182527
  • Gibson RS, Bailey KB, Gibbs M, et al. A review of phytate, iron, zinc, and calcium concentrations in plant-based complementary foods used in low-income countries and implications for bioavailability. Food Nutr Bull. 2010;31(2 Suppl):S134–S46. https://doi.org/10.1177/15648265100312S206
  • Vossenaar M, Hernández L, Campos R, et al. Several ‘problem nutrients’ are identified in complementary feeding of Guatemalan infants with continued breastfeeding using the concept of ‘critical nutrient density’. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2013;67(1):108–14. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2012.170
  • Black RE, Cousens S, Johnson HL, et al. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2010;375(9730):1969–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60549-1
  • Dewey KG, Mayers DR. Early child growth: how do nutrition and infection interact? Matern Child Nutr. 2011;7(Suppl 3):129–42. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-8709.2011.00357.x
  • Dewey KG, Vitta BS. Strategies for ensuring adequate nutrient intake for infants and young children during the period of complementary feeding. A&T Technical Brief Issue 7, November 2013. Available from: https://www.aliveandthrive.org/sites/default/files/attachments/Insight-Issue-7_Ensuring-Adequate-Nutrition.pdf.
  • Dafursa K, Gebremedhin S. Dietary diversity among children aged 6-23 months in Aleta Wondo District, Southern Ethiopia. J Nutr Metab. 2019;2019:2869424. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2869424
  • Habte TY, Krawinkel M. Dietary diversity score: a measure of healthy diet. J Nutr Health Sci. 2016;3(3):303. https://doi.org/10.15744/2393-9060.3.303
  • Diop L, Becquey E, Turowska Z, et al. Standard minimum dietary diversity indicators for women or infants and young children are good predictors of adequate micronutrient intakes in 24-59-month-old children and their nonpregnant nonbreastfeeding mothers in rural Burkina Faso. J Nutr. 2021;151(2):412–22. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa360
  • WHO (World Health Organization) / UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund). Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices: definitions and measurement methods. 2021 [Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240018389.
  • Alamu EO, Gondwe T, Eyinla TE, et al. Assessment of dietary diversity of mothers and children of 6–24 months from eastern and southern provinces of Zambia. J Nutr Metab. 2019;2019(1):9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1049820
  • Budree S, Goddard E, Brittain K, et al. Infant feeding practices in a South African birth cohort-A longitudinal study. Matern Child Nutr. 2017;13(3):e12371. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12371
  • Faber M, Laubscher R, Berti C. Poor dietary diversity and low nutrient density of the complementary diet for 6- to 24-month-old children in urban and rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Matern Child Nutr. 2016;12(3):528–45. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12146
  • Bikes GA, Tariku A, Wassie MM, et al. Factors associated with minimum dietary diversity and meal frequency among children aged 6-59 months in northwest Ethiopia: finding from the baseline survey of nutrition project. Res Square [Internet]. 2021;2021/07/20:1–17. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-32792/v1.
  • National Department of Health (NDoH), Statistics South Africa (Stats SA), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), and ICF. South Africa Demographic and Health Survey. Key Indicators: Pretoria, South Africa, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: NDoH, Stats SA, SAMRC, and ICF; 2017; 2016. [Available from: https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/SR248/SR248.pdf.
  • South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1). Data analysis on infant feeding practices, and anthropometry in children under five years of age: South Africa 2012. Cape Town: HSRC Press [press release]; 2013.
  • Swanepoel E, Havemann-Nel L, Rothman M, et al. Contribution of commercial infant products and fortified staple foods to nutrient intake at ages 6, 12, and 18 months in a cohort of children from a low socio-economic community in South Africa. Matern Child Nutr. 2019;15(2):e12674. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12674
  • SAFOODS. SAMRC. Food quantities manual for South Africa. 3rd ed. (ebook). Cape Town: South African Medical Research Council; 2018.
  • WHO. Complementary feeding of young children in developing countries: a review of current scientific knowledge. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1998; Available from https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/65932.
  • SAFOODS. SAMRC. Food composition tables for South Africa. 5th ed. (ebook). Cape Town: South African Medical Research Council; 2017.
  • Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes: the essential guide to nutrient requirements 2006. Available from: https://www.nap.edu/search/?term=DRI.
  • Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein and amino acids (macronutrients) 2005. Available from: https://www.nap.edu/search/?term=DRI.
  • Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes: intakes for calcium and vitamin D. Institute of Medicine: Washington, DC: The National Academy Press 2011. Available from: https://www.nap.edu/search/?term=DRI.
  • Hatløy A, Torheim LE, Oshaug A. Food variety—a good indicator of nutritional adequacy of the diet? A case study from an urban area in Mali, West Africa. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1998;52(12):891–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600662
  • Sayed N, Schönfeldt HC. A review of complementary feeding practices in South Africa. S Afr J Clin Nutr. 2020;33(2):36–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/16070658.2018.1510251
  • National Department of Health. Regulations relating to the fortification of certain foodstuffs. (Government notice no. R504). Government Gazette, 2475, 7 Apr. 2003. Available from: http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/saf90721.pdf.
  • Diana A, Mallard SR, Haszard JJ, et al. Consumption of fortified infant foods reduces dietary diversity but has a positive effect on subsequent growth in infants from Sumedang district, Indonesia. PLoS One. 2017;12(4):e0175952. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175952
  • WHO (World Health Organization). Complementary feeding: report of the global consultation, and summary of guiding principles for complementary feeding of the breastfed child. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2003; Available from: https://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/infantfeeding/924154614X/en/.
  • Denney L, Afeiche MC, Eldridge AL, et al. Food sources of energy and nutrients in infants, toddlers, and young children from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012. Nutrients. 2017;9(5):494. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9050494
  • Wang H, Denney L, Zheng Y, et al. Food sources of energy and nutrients in the diets of infants and toddlers in urban areas of China, based on one 24-hour dietary recall. BMC Nutr. 2015;1(1):19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-015-0014-x
  • Mengistu G, Moges T, Samuel A, et al. Energy and nutrient intake of infants and young children in pastoralist communities of Ethiopia. Nutr J. 2017;41:1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2017.02.012.
  • Van Stuijvenberg ME, Nel J, Schoeman SE, et al. Low intake of calcium and vitamin D, but not zinc, iron or vitamin A, is associated with stunting in 2- to 5-year-old children. Nutrition. 2015;31(6):841–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2014.12.011
  • Hetherington M, Caton S, Ceci J, et al. Learning to like vegetables: applying learning theory to the acquisition of preferences for novel vegetables from 6-36 m. results from habeat and viva. Ann Nutr Metab. 2013;63(39):1980.
  • Du Plessis L, Daniels L, Koornhof H, et al. Overview of field-testing of the revised, draft South African Paediatric Food-Based Dietary Guidelines amongst mothers/caregivers of children aged 0–5 years in the Western Cape and Mpumalanga, South Africa. S Afr J Clin Nutr. 2021;34(4):123–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/16070658.2020.1769335
  • Faber M, Laubscher R, Laurie S. Availability of, access to and consumption of fruits and vegetables in a peri-urban area in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Matern Child Nutr. 2013;9(3):409–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-8709.2011.00372.x
  • Ryckman T, Beal T, Nordhagen S, et al. Affordability of nutritious foods for complementary feeding in Eastern and Southern Africa. Nutr Rev. 2021;79(Supplement_1):35–51. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaa137
  • Kuyper E, Vitta B, Dewey K. Novel and underused food sources of key nutrients for complementary feeding. A&T Tech Brief, 6, 2013. Available from https://www.aliveandthrive.org/en/resources/novel-and-underused-food-sources-of-key-nutrients-for-complementary-feeding-insight-series. (accessed 27 June 2022).
  • Iannotti LL, Lutter CK, Bunn DA, et al. Eggs: the uncracked potential for improving maternal and young child nutrition among the world's poor. Nutr Rev. 2014;72(6):355–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/nure.12107
  • Leroy JL, Frongillo EA. Can interventions to promote animal production ameliorate undernutrition? J Nutr. 2007;137(10):2311–6. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/137.10.2311
  • Davidsson L. Approaches to improve iron bioavailability from complementary foods. J Nutr. 2003;133(5):1560S–2S. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/133.5.1560S
  • Krebs NF, Westcott JE, Butler N, et al. Meat as a first complementary food for breastfed infants: feasibility and impact on zinc intake and status. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2006;42(2):207–14. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.mpg.0000189346.25172.fd
  • Black RE, Victora CG, Walker SP, et al. Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet. 2013;382(9890):427–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60937-X
  • Radlowski EC, Johnson RW. Perinatal iron deficiency and neurocognitive development. Front Hum Neurosci. 2013;7:585. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00585
  • Venkatramanan S, Armata IE, Strupp BJ, et al. Vitamin B-12 and cognition in children. Adv Nutr. 2016;7(5):879–88. https://doi.org/10.3945/an.115.012021
  • Aguayo VM, Nair R, Badgaiyan N, et al. Determinants of stunting and poor linear growth in children under 2 years of age in India: an in-depth analysis of Maharashtra’s comprehensive nutrition survey. Matern Child Nutr. 2016;12(1):121–40. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12259
  • Moursi MM, Arimond M, Dewey KG, et al. Dietary diversity is a good predictor of the micronutrient density of the diet of 6-to 23-month-old children in Madagascar. J Nutr. 2008;138(12):2448–53. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.108.093971
  • FAO. Dietary assessment: a resource guide to method selection and application in low resource settings. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization; 2018.
  • IAEA. Stable isotope technique to assess intake of human milk in breastfed infants. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency; 2010; Available at https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/Pub1429_web.pdf.
  • Campbell RK, Hurley KM, Shamim AA, et al. Complementary food supplements increase dietary nutrient adequacy and do not replace home food cconsumption in children 6–18 months old in a randomized controlled trial in rural Bangladesh. J Nutr. 2018;148(9):1484–1492. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxy136
  • Onifade OM, Pringle KG, Rollo ME, et al. Dietary intake of indigenous Australian infants and young children in the Gomeroi gaaynggal cohort. Nutr Diet. 2021;78(4):386–396. https://doi.org/10.1111/1747-0080.12673
  • Dror DK, Allen LH. Overview of nutrients in human milk. Adv Nutr. 2018;9:278S–294S. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmy022