Clinical profiles in multiple myeloma patients with extreme survivals: a study from a National Medical Center in China

References

• van de Donk N, Pawlyn C, Yong KL. Multiple myeloma. Lancet. 2021;397(10272):410–427. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00135-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu J, Liu W, Mi L, et al. Incidence and mortality of multiple myeloma in China, 2006-2016: an analysis of the global burden of disease study 2016. J Hematol Oncol. 2019;12(1):136. doi:10.1186/s13045-019-0807-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sneyd MJ, Gray AR, Morison IM. Trends in survival from myeloma, 1990-2015: a competing risks analysis. BMC Cancer. 2021;21(1):821. doi:10.1186/s12885-021-08544-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sneyd MJ, Cox B, Morison IM. Trends in myeloma incidence, mortality and survival in New Zealand (1985-2016). Cancer Epidemiol. 2019;60:55–59. doi:10.1016/j.canep.2019.03.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fonseca R, Abouzaid S, Bonafede M, et al. Trends in overall survival and costs of multiple myeloma, 2000-2014. Leukemia. 2017;31(9):1915–1921. doi:10.1038/leu.2016.380
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar SK, Therneau TM, Gertz MA, et al. Clinical course of patients with relapsed multiple myeloma. Mayo Clin Proc. 2004;79(7):867–874. doi:10.4065/79.7.867
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kazandjian D. Multiple myeloma epidemiology and survival: a unique malignancy. Semin Oncol. 2016;43(6):676–681. doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2016.11.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brioli A, Melchor L, Cavo M, et al. The impact of intra-clonal heterogeneity on the treatment of multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol. 2014;165(4):441–454. doi:10.1111/bjh.12805
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corre J, Munshi N, Avet-Loiseau H. Genetics of multiple myeloma: another heterogeneity level? Blood. 2015;125(12):1870–1876. doi:10.1182/blood-2014-10-567370
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durie BGM, Hoering A, Sexton R, et al. Longer term follow-up of the randomized phase III trial SWOG S0777: bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone vs. lenalidomide and dexamethasone in patients (Pts) with previously untreated multiple myeloma without an intent for immediate autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). Blood Cancer J. 2020;10(5):53. doi:10.1038/s41408-020-0311-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joseph NS, Kaufman JL, Dhodapkar MV, et al. Long-term follow-up results of lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone induction therapy and risk-adapted maintenance approach in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol: Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2020;38(17):1928–1937. doi:10.1200/JCO.19.02515
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reeder CB, Reece DE, Kukreti V, et al. Long-term survival with cyclophosphamide, bortezomib and dexamethasone induction therapy in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol. 2014;167(4):563–565. doi:10.1111/bjh.13004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srivastava G, Rana V, Lacy MQ, et al. Long-term outcome with lenalidomide and dexamethasone therapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Leukemia. 2013;27(10):2062–2066. doi:10.1038/leu.2013.143
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blimark CH, Turesson I, Genell A, et al. Outcome and survival of myeloma patients diagnosed 2008-2015. Real-world data on 4904 patients from the Swedish myeloma registry. Haematologica. 2018;103(3):506–513. doi:10.3324/haematol.2017.178103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paquin A, Visram A, Kumar SK, et al. Characteristics of exceptional responders to autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma. Blood Cancer J. 2020;10(8):87. doi:10.1038/s41408-020-00353-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zamagni E, Barbato S, Cavo M. How I treat high-risk multiple myeloma. Blood. 2022;139(19):2889–2903. doi:10.1182/blood.2020008733
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreau P, Cavo M, Sonneveld P, et al. Combination of international scoring system 3, high lactate dehydrogenase, and t(4;14) and/or del(17p) identifies patients with multiple myeloma (MM) treated with front-line autologous stem-cell transplantation at high risk of early MM progression-related death. J Clin Oncol: Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2014;32(20):2173–2180. doi:10.1200/JCO.2013.53.0329
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajkumar SV, Dimopoulos MA, Palumbo A, et al. International myeloma working group updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15(12):e538–e548. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70442-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar S, Paiva B, Anderson KC, et al. International myeloma working group consensus criteria for response and minimal residual disease assessment in multiple myeloma. Lancet Oncol. 2016;17(8):e328–ee46. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30206-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy PL, Holstein SA, Petrucci MT, et al. Lenalidomide maintenance after autologous stem-cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol: Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2017;35(29):3279–3289. doi:10.1200/JCO.2017.72.6679
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verelst SGR, Blommestein HM, De Groot S, et al. Long-term outcomes in patients with multiple myeloma: a retrospective analysis of the Dutch population-based HAematological registry for observational studies (PHAROS). HemaSphere. 2018;2(4):e45. doi:10.1097/HS9.0000000000000045
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hájek R, Jarkovsky J, Maisnar V, et al. Real-world outcomes of multiple myeloma: retrospective analysis of the Czech registry of monoclonal gammopathies. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2018;18(6):e219–ee40. doi:10.1016/j.clml.2018.04.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu J, Lu J, Chen W, et al. Clinical features and treatment outcome in newly diagnosed Chinese patients with multiple myeloma: results of a multicenter analysis. Blood Cancer J. 2014;4(8):e239. doi:10.1038/bcj.2014.55
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cejalvo MJ, Bustamante G, González E, et al. Treatment patterns and outcomes in real-world transplant-ineligible patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Ann Hematol. 2021;100(7):1769–1778. doi:10.1007/s00277-021-04529-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holmström MO, Gimsing P, Abildgaard N, et al. Causes of early death in multiple myeloma patients who are ineligible for high-dose therapy with hematopoietic stem cell support: a study based on the nationwide Danish myeloma database. Am J Hematol. 2015;90(4):E73–E74. doi:10.1002/ajh.23932
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ríos-Tamayo R, Sáinz J, Martínez-López J, et al. Early mortality in multiple myeloma: the time-dependent impact of comorbidity: a population-based study in 621 real-life patients. Am J Hematol. 2016;91(7):700–704. doi:10.1002/ajh.24389
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brink M, Groen K, Sonneveld P, et al. Decrease in early mortality for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients in the Netherlands: a population-based study. Blood Cancer J. 2021;11(11):178. doi:10.1038/s41408-021-00571-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar V, Ailawadhi M, Dutta N, et al. Trends in early mortality from multiple myeloma: a population-based analysis. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2021;21(5):e449–ee55. doi:10.1016/j.clml.2020.12.023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan Y, Mao X, Liu J, et al. The impact of response kinetics for multiple myeloma in the era of novel agents. Blood Adv. 2019;3(19):2895–2904. doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000432
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corre J, Montes L, Martin E, et al. Early relapse after autologous transplant for myeloma is associated with poor survival regardless of cytogenetic risk. Haematologica. 2020;105(9):e480–e483. doi:10.3324/haematol.2019.236588
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kyle RA, Gertz MA, Witzig TE, et al. Review of 1027 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Mayo Clin Proc. 2003;78(1):21–33. doi:10.4065/78.1.21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terpos E, Zamagni E, Lentzsch S, et al. Treatment of multiple myeloma-related bone disease: recommendations from the bone working group of the international myeloma working group. Lancet Oncol. 2021;22(3):e119–ee30. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30559-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vu T, Gonsalves W, Kumar S, et al. Characteristics of exceptional responders to lenalidomide-based therapy in multiple myeloma. Blood Cancer J. 2015;5(10):e363. doi:10.1038/bcj.2015.91
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bartel TB, Haessler J, Brown TL, et al. F18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the context of other imaging techniques and prognostic factors in multiple myeloma. Blood. 2009;114(10):2068–2076. doi:10.1182/blood-2009-03-213280
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zamagni E, Patriarca F, Nanni C, et al. Prognostic relevance of 18-F FDG PET/CT in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients treated with up-front autologous transplantation. Blood. 2011;118(23):5989–5995. doi:10.1182/blood-2011-06-361386
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho HJ, Jung SH, Jo JC, et al. Development of a new risk stratification system for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma using R-ISS and (18)F-FDG PET/CT. Blood Cancer J. 2021;11(12):190. doi:10.1038/s41408-021-00577-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenberg AJ, Rajkumar SV, Therneau TM, et al. Relationship between initial clinical presentation and the molecular cytogenetic classification of myeloma. Leukemia. 2014;28(2):398–403. doi:10.1038/leu.2013.258
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swaminathan SK, Roger E, Toti U, et al. CD133-targeted paclitaxel delivery inhibits local tumor recurrence in a mouse model of breast cancer. J Controll Release: Off J Controll Release Soc. 2013;171(3):280–287. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.07.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avet-Loiseau H, Facon T, Grosbois B, et al. Oncogenesis of multiple myeloma: 14q32 and 13q chromosomal abnormalities are not randomly distributed, but correlate with natural history, immunological features, and clinical presentation. Blood. 2002;99(6):2185–2191. doi:10.1182/blood.V99.6.2185
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mikhael JR, Dingli D, Roy V, et al. Management of newly diagnosed symptomatic multiple myeloma: updated Mayo Stratification of Myeloma and Risk-Adapted Therapy (mSMART) consensus guidelines 2013. Mayo Clin Proc. 2013;88(4):360–376. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.01.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajan AM, Rajkumar SV. Interpretation of cytogenetic results in multiple myeloma for clinical practice. Blood Cancer J. 2015;5(10):e365. doi:10.1038/bcj.2015.92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakshman A, Alhaj Moustafa M, Rajkumar SV, et al. Natural history of t(11;14) multiple myeloma. Leukemia. 2018;32(1):131–138. doi:10.1038/leu.2017.204
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Badar T, Hari P, Dávila O, et al. African Americans with translocation t(11;14) have superior survival after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma in comparison with whites in the United States. Cancer. 2020;127(1):82–92. doi:10.1002/cncr.33208
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufman GP, Gertz MA, Dispenzieri A, et al. Impact of cytogenetic classification on outcomes following early high-dose therapy in multiple myeloma. Leukemia. 2016;30(3):633–639. doi:10.1038/leu.2015.287
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sasaki K, Lu G, Saliba RM, et al. Impact of t(11;14)(q13;q32) on the outcome of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation in multiple myeloma. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant: J Am Soc Blood Marrow Transplant. 2013;19(8):1227–1232. doi:10.1016/j.bbmt.2013.05.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avet-Loiseau H, Leleu X, Roussel M, et al. Bortezomib plus dexamethasone induction improves outcome of patients with t(4;14) myeloma but not outcome of patients with del(17p). J Clin Oncol: Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2010;28(30):4630–4634. doi:10.1200/JCO.2010.28.3945
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• San Miguel JF, Schlag R, Khuageva NK, et al. Bortezomib plus melphalan and prednisone for initial treatment of multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(9):906–917. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0801479
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fonseca R, Bergsagel PL, Drach J, et al. International myeloma working group molecular classification of multiple myeloma: spotlight review. Leukemia. 2009;23(12):2210–2221. doi:10.1038/leu.2009.174
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greipp PR, San Miguel J, Durie BG, et al. International staging system for multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(15):3412–3420. doi:10.1200/JCO.2005.04.242
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palumbo A, Avet-Loiseau H, Oliva S, et al. Revised international staging system for multiple myeloma: A report from international Myeloma working group. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(26):2863–2869. doi:10.1200/JCO.2015.61.2267
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryant C, Suen H, Brown R, et al. Long-term survival in multiple myeloma is associated with a distinct immunological profile, which includes proliferative cytotoxic T-cell clones and a favourable treg/Th17 balance. Blood Cancer J. 2013;3(9):e148. doi:10.1038/bcj.2013.34
   PubMedGoogle Scholar