2,799
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Study design article

A systems approach to assessing complexity in health interventions: an effectiveness decay model for integrated community case management

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Article: 1794106 | Received 06 Apr 2020, Accepted 05 Jul 2020, Published online: 10 Aug 2020

References

  • Larson A, McPherson R, Posner J. Scaling up high-impact health interventions in complex adaptive systems: lessons from MCHIP. 2015. Available from: http://www.mcsprogram.org/resources/scaling-high-impact-health-interventions-complex-adaptive-systems-lessons-mchip/
  • Larson A. Evaluation amidst complexity: eight evaluation questions to explain how complex adaptive systems affect program impact. Evaluation. 2018;24:353–14.
  • WHO. The first global review and coordination meeting on Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI). Coordination Meeting on Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI), Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic; 1997.
  • WHO, UNICEF, DFID, et al. The analytic review of integrated management of childhood illness strategy. Geneva: WHO; 2003.
  • Marsh DR, Hamer DH, Pagnoni F, et al. Introduction to a special supplement: evidence for the implementation, effects, and impact of the integrated community case management strategy to treat childhood infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012;87:2–5.
  • Young M, Wolfheim C, Marsh DR, et al. World Health Organization/United Nations Children’s Fund joint statement on integrated community case management: an equity-focused strategy to improve access to essential treatment services for children. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012;87:6–10.
  • World Health Organization, UNICEF. UNICEF-WHO overview and latest update on integrated community case management: potential for benefit to malaria programs. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2015.
  • Rasanathan K, Muniz M, Bakshi S, et al. Community case management of childhood illness in sub–Saharan Africa—findings from a cross–sectional survey on policy and implementation. J Glob Health. 2014;4:020401.
  • Walugembe D, Sibbald S, Le Ber M, et al. Sustainability of public health interventions: where are the gaps? Health Res Policy Sys. 2019;17. DOI:10.1186/s12961-018-0405-y
  • Shediac-Rizkallah MC, Bone LR. Planning for the sustainability of community-based health programs: conceptual frameworks and future directions for research, practice and policy. Health Educ Res. 1998;13:87–108.
  • Atun R. Health systems, systems thinking and innovation. Health Policy Plan. 2012;27:iv4–8.
  • Rutter H, Savona N, Glonti K. The need for a complex systems model of evidence for public health. Lancet. 2017;390:2602–2604.
  • Rihani S. Complex systems theory and development practice: understanding non-linear realities. London: Zed Books; 2002a.
  • Sterman JD. Learning from evidence in a complex world. Am J Public Health. 2006;96:505–514.
  • Leischow S, Milstein B. Systems thinking and modeling for public health practice. Am J Public Health. 2006;96:403–405.
  • Mcguinness D, Joas M, kuhn S, et al. Informed cities: making research work for local sustainability; 2014. DOI:10.4324/9781315882666
  • Uzochukwu B, Onwujekwe O, Mbachu C, et al. The challenge of bridging the gap between researchers and policy makers: experiences of a Health Policy Research Group in engaging policy makers to support evidence informed policy making in Nigeria. Global Health. 2016;12:1–15.
  • Dalglish SL, George A, Shearer JC, et al. Epistemic communities in global health and the development of child survival policy: a case study of iCCM. Health Policy Plan. 2015;30:ii12–25.
  • Sarriot E, Morrow M, Langston A, et al. A causal loop analysis of the sustainability of integrated community case management in Rwanda. Soc Sci Med. 2015;131:147–155.
  • Kitutu FE, Mayora C, Johansson EW, et al. Health system effects of implementing integrated community case management (iCCM) intervention in private retail drug shops in South Western Uganda: a qualitative study. BMJ Glob Health. 2017;2:e000334.
  • Daviaud E, Besada D, Leon L, et al. Costs of implementing integrated community case management (iCCM) in six African countries: implications for sustainability. JOGH. 2017c;7:010403.
  • Adam T, de Savigny D. Systems thinking for strengthening health systems in LMICs: need for a paradigm shift. Health Policy Plan. 2012;27:iv1eiv3.
  • De Savigny D, Blanchet K, Adam T. Applied systems thinking for health systems research: a methodological handbook. McGraw-Hill Education; 2017. Available from: http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/4646083/
  • Ahmed E, Elgazzar AS, Hegazi AS. An overview of complex adaptive systems. Mansoura J Math. 2005 June 28;32:6059.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). Everybody’s business - strengthening health systems to improve health outcomes: WHO’s framework for action. Geneva: WHO; 2007. Available from: http://www.who.int/healthsystems/strategy/everybodys_business.pdf
  • Sheikh K, Gilson L, Agyepong IA, et al. Building the field of health policy and systems research: framing the questions. PLoS Med. 2011;8:e1001073.
  • Topp SM, Black J, Morrow M, et al. The impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) service scale-up on mechanisms of accountability in Zambian primary health centres: a case-based health systems analysis. BMC Health Serv Res. 2015;15. DOI:10.1186/s12913-015-0703-9
  • Carroll C, Patterson M, Wood S, et al. A conceptual framework for implementation fidelity. Implement Sci. 2007;2:40.
  • Hasson H. Systematic evaluation of implementation fidelity of complex interventions in health and social care. Implement Sci. 2010;5:67.
  • Breitenstein SGD, Garvey C, Hill C, et al. Implementation fidelity in community-based interventions. Nat Insit Health. 2010;33:164–173.
  • Galactionova K, Tediosi F, de Savigny D. Effective coverage and systems effectiveness for malaria case management in sub-Saharan African countries. PloS One. 2015 May 22;10:e0127818.
  • Shengelia B, Tandon A, Adams OB, et al. Access, utilization, quality, and effective coverage: an integrated conceptual framework and measurement strategy. Soc Sci Med. 2005;61:97–109. S0277-9536(04)00607-0 [pii].
  • Murray CJL, Frenk J. Health metrics and evaluation: strengthening the science. Lancet. 2008;371:1191–1199.
  • Tanahashi T. Health service coverage and its evaluation. Bull World Health Organ. 1978;56:295–303.
  • Gardner EM, McLees MP, Steiner JF, et al. The spectrum of engagement in HIV care and its relevance to test-and-treat strategies for prevention of HIV infection. HIV/AIDS. 2011;52:793–800.
  • Ali MK, Bullard KM, Gregg EW, et al. A cascade of care for diabetes in the USA: visualizing the gaps. Annals Int Med. 2014;161:681–689.
  • Yehia BR, Schranz A, Umscheid CA, et al. The treatment cascade for chronic hepatitis C virus infection in the USA: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2014;9:e 101554.
  • Han J, Kamber M, Pei J. Data mining concepts and techniques. 3rd ed. Elsevier; 2011. (The Morgan Kaufmann series in data management systems). p. 83–124.
  • Loh WY. Fifty years of classification and regression trees. Int Stat Rev. 2014;82:329–348.
  • Griffiths M, Slater D, Hanstein T. A decision tree model to evaluate the costs and consequences of using dual antibiotic bone cement versus single antibiotic bone cement in hip hemiarthroplasty. Value Health. 2015;18:A354–A355.
  • Qu Z, Krauth C, Amelung VE, et al. Decision modelling for economic evaluation of liver transplantation. World J Hepatol. 2018;10:837–848.
  • Riehmann P, Hanfler M, Froehlich B Interactive sankey diagrams. IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, INFOVIS; Minneapolis, MN, USA; 2005, p. 233–240.
  • Jonkers H, Lankhorst MM, Ter Doest HWL. Enterprise architecture: management tool and blueprint for the organisation. Inform Syst Front. 2006;8:63.
  • Cobos Muñoz D, de Savigny D, Sorchik R, et al. Better data for better outcomes: the importance of process mapping and management in CRVS systems. BMC Med. 2020;18:67.
  • Forrester JW, Peter MS. Tests for building confidence in system dynamics models. Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 1980.
  • Richardson GP, Andersen DF, Maxwell TA, Stewart TR. Foundations of mental model research. Proceedings of the 1994 International System Dynamics Conference; EF Wolstenholme; 1994.
  • Sterman JD. System dynamics modelling: tools for learning in a complex world. California Manage Rev. 2001;43:8–25.
  • Baugh Littlejohns L, Baum F, Lawless A, et al. The value of a causal loop diagram in exploring the complex interplay of factors that influence health promotion in a multisectoral health system in Australia. Health Res Policy Sys. 2018;16:126.
  • De Savigny D, Adam T, eds. Systems thinking for health systems strengthening. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009.
  • Tableau (version. 9.1). J Med Lib Assoc. 2016;104:182–183. DOI:10.3163/1536-5050.104.2.022
  • Bass M. Approaches to the denominator problem in primary care research. J Fam Pract. 1976;3:193–195.
  • Forrester JW. Policies, decisions and information sources for modeling. Eur J Oper Res. 1992;59:42–63.
  • Bizagi M. Bizagi. In: Business process management software. BizAgi Process Modeler V.1.5.0.1, BPM software, BPM suite, BPM; 2015. Available from: http://www.bizagi.com
  • Chou CP, Bentler PM. Estimates and tests in structural equation modeling. In Hoyle RH, editor. Structural equation modeling: concepts, issues, and applications. Sage Publications, Inc.; 1995. p. 37–55.
  • Gale NK, Heath G, Cameron E. Using the framework method for the analysis of qualitative data in multi-disciplinary health research. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2013;13:117.
  • Kuckartz U. MAXQDA: qualitative data analysis. Berlin: VERBI software; 2007.
  • Eberlein RL, Peterson DW. Understanding models with Vensim™. Eur J Oper Res. 1992;59:216–219.
  • Karim A, de Savigny D. A systems-wide analysis of iCCM: protocol for data collection; 2016. ( Unpublished).
  • Egan M, McGill E, Penney T, et al. NIHR SPHR guidance on systems approaches to local public health evaluation. Part 2: what to consider when planning a systems evaluation [cited 2020 Apr 23]. https://sphr.nihr.ac.uk
  • Mutale W, Balabanova D, Chintu N. Application of system thinking concepts in health system strengthening in low‐income settings: a proposed conceptual framework for the evaluation of a complex health system intervention: the case of the BHOMA intervention in Z ambia. J Eval Clin Pract. 2016;22:112–121.
  • South J, Button D, Quick A. Complexity and community context: learning from the evaluation design of a national community empowerment programme. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17:91.Asdf.
  • Bagnall A, Radley D, Jones R, et al. Whole systems approaches to obesity and other complex public health challenges: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2019;19. DOI:10.1186/s12889-018-6274-z
  • Egan M, McGill E, Penney T. Complex systems for evaluation of public health interventions: a critical review. Lancet. 2018;392:S31.
  • Carey G, Malbon E, Carey N, et al. Systems science and systems thinking for public health: a systematic review of the field. BMJ Open. 2015;5:e009002.
  • Karim A, Cobos Muñoz D, Mäusezahl D, de Savigny D. “A systems framework for the analysis and assessment of iCCM” programs; 2020. ( Unpublished).