2,741
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Wealth- and education-related inequalities in minimum dietary diversity among Indonesian infants and young children: a decomposition analysis

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Article: 2040152 | Received 26 Oct 2021, Accepted 06 Feb 2022, Published online: 07 Apr 2022

References

  • World Health Organization, United Nations Children’s Fund, World Bank. Levels and trends in child malnutrition: UNICEF/WHO/The World Bank Group joint child malnutrition estimates: key findings of the 2021 edition. 2021 [cited 2021 Dec 24]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240025257
  • National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health of Indonesia. The 2018 basic health research (Riskesdas) report. 2019 [cited 2019 Sep 17]. Available from: http://labdata.litbang.kemkes.go.id/images/download/laporan/RKD/2018/Laporan_Nasional_RKD2018_FINAL.pdf
  • World Health Organization. Comprehensive implementation plan on maternal, infant and young child nutrition. 2014 [cited 2019 Sep 17]. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/113048/WHO_NMH_NHD_14.1_eng.pdf
  • World Health Organization, United Nations Children’s Fund. Global nutrition monitoring framework: operational guidance for tracking progress in meeting targets for 2025. 2017 [cited 2019 Sep 17]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241513609
  • Dewey KG. Reducing stunting by improving maternal, infant and young child nutrition in regions such as South Asia: evidence, challenges and opportunities. Matern Child Nutr. 2016;12:27–11.
  • Arimond M, Ruel MT. Dietary diversity is associated with child nutritional status: evidence from 11 demographic and health surveys. J Nutr. 2004;134:2579–2585.
  • Ruel MT. Operationalizing dietary diversity: a review of measurement issues and research priorities. J Nutr. 2003;133:3911S–3926S.
  • Arsenault JE, Yakes EA, Islam MM, et al. Very low adequacy of micronutrient intakes by young children and women in rural Bangladesh is primarily explained by low food intake and limited diversity. J Nutr. 2012;143:197–203.
  • Khamis AG, Mwanri AW, Ntwenya JE, et al. The influence of dietary diversity on the nutritional status of children between 6 and 23 months of age in Tanzania. BMC Pediatr. 2019;19:518.
  • Krasevec J, An X, Kumapley R, et al. Diet quality and risk of stunting among infants and young children in low- and middle-income countries. Matern Child Nutr. 2017;13:e12430.
  • Perkins JM, Jayatissa R, Subramanian SV. Dietary diversity and anthropometric status and failure among infants and young children in Sri Lanka. Nutrition. 2018;55-56:76–83.
  • Baye K, Kennedy G. Estimates of dietary quality in infants and young children (6–23 mo): evidence from demographic and health surveys of 49 low- and middle-income countries. Nutrition. 2020;78:110875.
  • Belachew A, Tewabe T. Under-five anemia and its associated factors with dietary diversity, food security, stunted, and deworming in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev. 2020;9:31.
  • Visser M, Van Zyl T, Hanekom SM, et al. Associations of dietary diversity with anaemia and iron status among 5- to 12-year-old schoolchildren in South Africa. Public Health Nutr. 2021;24:2554–2562.
  • Thorne-Lyman AL, Shrestha M, Fawzi WW, et al. Dietary diversity and child development in the far west of Nepal: a cohort study. Nutrients. 2019;11:1799.
  • Zhao C, Guan H, Shi H, et al. Relationships between dietary diversity and early childhood developmental outcomes in rural China. Matern Child Nutr. 2021;17:e13073–e13073.
  • Martorell R. Improved nutrition in the first 1000 days and adult human capital and health. Am J Hum Biol. 2017;29:e22952.
  • World Health Organization, United Nations Children’s Fund. Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices: definitions and measurement methods. 2021 [cited 2021 Apr 28]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240018389
  • Na M, Aguayo VM, Arimond M, et al. Stagnating trends in complementary feeding practices in Bangladesh: an analysis of national surveys from 2004-2014. Matern Child Nutr. 2018;14:e12624.
  • Ogbo FA, Ogeleka P, Awosemo AO. Trends and determinants of complementary feeding practices in Tanzania, 2004–2016. Trop Med Health. 2018;46:40.
  • Sekartaji R, Suza DE, Fauziningtyas R, et al. Dietary diversity and associated factors among children aged 6–23 months in Indonesia. J Pediatr Nurs. 2021;56:30–34.
  • Eshete T, Kumera G, Bazezew Y, et al. Determinants of inadequate minimum dietary diversity among children aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia: secondary data analysis from ethiopian demographic and health survey 2016. Agric Food Sec. 2018;7:66.
  • Paramashanti BA, Huda TM, Alam A, et al. Trends and determinants of minimum dietary diversity among children aged 6–23 months: a pooled analysis of Indonesia demographic and health surveys from 2007 to 2017. Public Health Nutr. 2021;1–12. DOI:10.1017/S1368980021004559
  • Ahmed KY, Page A, Arora A, et al. Trends and factors associated with complementary feeding practices in Ethiopia from 2005 to 2016. Matern Child Nutr. 2020;16:e12926.
  • Na M, Aguayo VM, Arimond M, et al. Trends and predictors of appropriate complementary feeding practices in Nepal: an analysis of national household survey data collected between 2001 and 2014. Matern Child Nutr. 2018;14:e12564.
  • Harvey CM, Newell M-L, Padmadas SS. Socio-economic differentials in minimum dietary diversity among young children in South-East Asia: evidence from demographic and health surveys. Public Health Nutr. 2018;21:3048–3057.
  • Sebayang SK, Dibley MJ, Astutik E, et al. Determinants of age-appropriate breastfeeding, dietary diversity, and consumption of animal source foods among Indonesian children. Matern Child Nutr. 2020;16:e12889.
  • Gatica-Domínguez G, Neves PAR, Barros AJD, et al. Complementary feeding practices in 80 low- and middle-income countries: prevalence of and socioeconomic inequalities in dietary diversity, meal frequency, and dietary adequacy. J Nutr. 2021;151:1956–1964.
  • World Bank. Indonesia’s rising divide. 2016 [cited 2019 Nov 5]. Available from: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/24765
  • Wicaksono E, Amir H, Nugroho A. The sources of income inequality in Indonesia: a regression-based inequality decomposition. ADBI Working Paper 667. 2017 [cited 2019 Sep 17]. Available from: https://www.adb.org/publications/sources-income-inequality-indonesia
  • Hirvonen K. Rural–urban differences in children’s dietary diversity in Ethiopia: a poisson decomposition analysis. Econ Lett. 2016;147:12–15.
  • Lukwa AT, Siya A, Zablon KN, et al. Socioeconomic inequalities in food insecurity and malnutrition among under-five children: within and between-group inequalities in Zimbabwe. BMC Public Health. 2020;20:1199.
  • O’Donnell O, Van Doorslaer E, Wagstaff A, et al. Analyzing health equity using household survey data: a guide to techniques and their implementation. 2008 [cited 2019 Sep 17]. Available from: http://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/633931468139502235/pdf/424800978011OFFICIAL0USE0ONLY10.pdf
  • National Population and Family Planning Board (BKKBN), Statistics Indonesia (BPS), Ministry of Health (Kemenkes), ICF International. Indonesia demographic and health survey 2017. 2018 [cited 2019 Nov 5]. Available from: http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR342/FR342.pdf
  • Rutstein SO, Johnson K. The dhs wealth index: dhs comparative reports no. 6. 2004 [cited 2019 Sep 17]. Available from: https://dhsprogram.com/publications/publication-cr6-comparative-reports.cfm
  • O’Donnell O, O’Neill S, Van Ourti T, et al. Conindex: estimation of concentration indices. Stata J. 2016;16:112–138.
  • Wagstaff A. The bounds of the concentration index when the variable of interest is binary, with an application to immunization inequality. Health Econ. 2005;14:429–432.
  • Wagstaff A. The concentration index of a binary outcome revisited. Health Econ. 2011;20:1155–1160.
  • Yiengprugsawan V, Lim LLY, Carmichael GA, et al. Decomposing socioeconomic inequality for binary health outcomes: an improved estimation that does not vary by choice of reference group. BMC Res Notes. 2010;3:57.
  • Neves PAR, Barros AJD, Gatica-Domínguez G, et al. Maternal education and equity in breastfeeding: trends and patterns in 81 low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2019. Int J Equity Health. 2021;20:20.
  • Anane I, Nie F, Huang J. Socioeconomic and geographic pattern of food consumption and dietary diversity among children aged 6-23 months old in Ghana. Nutrients. 2021;13:603.
  • Obayelu OA, Osho FR. How diverse are the diets of low-income urban households in Nigeria? J Agric Food Res. 2020;2:100018.
  • Ali NB, Tahsina T, Hoque DME, et al. Association of food security and other socio-economic factors with dietary diversity and nutritional statuses of children aged 6-59 months in rural Bangladesh. PLoS One. 2019;14:e0221929–e0221929.
  • Shifti DM, Chojenta C, Holliday EG, et al. Socioeconomic inequality in short birth interval in Ethiopia: a decomposition analysis. BMC Public Health. 2020;20:1504.
  • Yuan B, Målqvist M, Trygg N, et al. What interventions are effective on reducing inequalities in maternal and child health in low- and middle-income settings? A systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:634.
  • Durao S, Visser ME, Ramokolo V, et al. Community‐level interventions for improving access to food in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Cochrane Database Sys Rev. 2020;7:CD011504.
  • Nair MK, Augustine LF, Konapur A. Food-based interventions to modify diet quality and diversity to address multiple micronutrient deficiency. Front Public Health. 2016;3:277.
  • Singh SK, Srivastava S, Chauhan S. Inequality in child undernutrition among urban population in India: a decomposition analysis. BMC Public Health. 2020;20:1852.
  • Mohammed SH, Muhammad F, Pakzad R, et al. Socioeconomic inequality in stunting among under-5 children in Ethiopia: a decomposition analysis. BMC Res Notes. 2019;12:184.
  • Huda TM, Hayes A, El Arifeen S, et al. Social determinants of inequalities in child undernutrition in Bangladesh: a decomposition analysis. Matern Child Nutr. 2018;14:e12440.
  • Solomon D, Aderaw Z, Tegegne TK. Minimum dietary diversity and associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Int J Equity Health. 2017;16:181.
  • Xu Y, Zhu S, Zhang T, et al. Explaining income-related inequalities in dietary knowledge: evidence from the China health and nutrition survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17:532.
  • World Bank. The promise of education in Indonesia. 2020 [cited 2021 Sep 17]. Available from: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/658151605203420126/pdf/The-Promise-of-Education-in-Indonesia.pdf
  • Suwarno P, editor Equality in education and employment for sustainable development of diverse Indonesia: enhancing equal opportunity, volunteerism, and philanthropy. In: Proceeding of the 1st Non-Formal Education International Conference (NFEIC 2018); 2018 Aug 2–3; West Sumatera, Indonesia. Dordrecht (Netherlands): Atlantis Press; 2019.
  • Shanker A, Marian D, Swimmer C. Effective interventions aimed at reaching out-of-school children: a literature review. 2015 [cited 2022 Jan 9]. Available from: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED573790.pdf
  • Aemro M, Mesele M, Birhanu Z, et al. Dietary diversity and meal frequency practices among infant and young children aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia: a secondary analysis of Ethiopian demographic and health survey 2011. J Nutr Metab. 2013;2013:782931.
  • Anindya K, Lee JT, McPake B, et al. Impact of Indonesia’s national health insurance scheme on inequality in access to maternal health services: a propensity score matched analysis. J Glob Health. 2020;10:010429.
  • Karmini K, Karyati K. The various sources of household income of paddy farmers in east kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 2018;19:357–363.
  • FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP, WHO. The state of food security and nutrition in the world 2021. Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all. 2021 [cited 2021 Sep 17]. Available from: http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/cb4474en
  • Emran S-A, Krupnik TJ, Aravindakshan S, et al. Factors contributing to farm-level productivity and household income generation in coastal Bangladesh’s rice-based farming systems. PLoS One. 2021;16:e0256694.
  • Santoso MV, Bezner Kerr RN, Kassim N, et al. A nutrition-sensitive agroecology intervention in rural Tanzania increases children’s dietary diversity and household food security but does not change child anthropometry: results from a cluster-randomized trial. J Nutr. 2021;151:2010–2021.
  • Soekirman S. Taking the Indonesian nutrition history to leap into betterment of the future generation: development of the Indonesian nutrition guidelines. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2011;20:447–451.
  • Ministry of Health of Indonesia. Regulation of the ministry of health on balanced nutrition guideline number 41 in 2014. 2014 [cited 2019 Sep 17]. Available from: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/119080/permenkes-no-41-tahun-2014
  • Effendy DS, Prangthip P, Soonthornworasiri N, et al. Nutrition education in Southeast Sulawesi province, Indonesia: a cluster randomized controlled study. Matern Child Nutr. 2020;16:e13030–e13030.
  • Kuchenbecker J, Reinbott A, Mtimuni B, et al. Nutrition education improves dietary diversity of children 6-23 months at community-level: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial in Malawi. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0175216–e0175216.
  • Bessems KMHH, Linssen E, Lomme M, et al. The effectiveness of the good affordable food intervention for adults with low socioeconomic status and small incomes. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17:2535.
  • Shim J-S, Oh K, Kim HC. Dietary assessment methods in epidemiologic studies. Epidemiol Health. 2014;36:e2014009–e2014009.