2,516
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Article

Maternal vitamin D and growth of under-five children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational and interventional studies

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, , , ORCID Icon, & ORCID Icon show all
Article: 2102712 | Received 11 May 2022, Accepted 13 Jul 2022, Published online: 31 Aug 2022

References

  • Sizar O, Khare S, Goyal A, et al. Vitamin D Deficiency. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 cited 2022 Feb 24]. Available from 2022 Feb 24. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532266/
  • Holick MF. Vitamin D Deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:266–15.
  • Khazai N, Judd SE, Tangpricha V. Calcium and vitamin D: skeletal and extraskeletal health. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2008;10:110–117.
  • Bikle DDVDM. Mechanism of action, and clinical applications. Chem Biol. 2014;21:319–329.
  • Christakos S, Dhawan P, Verstuyf A, et al. Vitamin D: metabolism, molecular mechanism of action, and pleiotropic effects. Physiol Rev. 2016;96:365–408.
  • Fernández-Cancio M, Andaluz P, Torán N, et al. Vitamin D stimulates growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor (GH-IGF) gene axis expression and potentiates gh effect to reverse the inhibition produced by glucocorticoids in human growth plate chondrocytes. HRP. 2007;67:204–205.
  • Ameri P, Giusti A, Boschetti M, et al. Vitamin D increases circulating IGF1 in adults: potential implication for the treatment of GH deficiency. Eur J Endocrinol. 2013;169:767–772.
  • Institute of Medicine (US). Committee to review dietary reference intakes for vitamin D and calcium. In: Ross AC, Taylor CL, Yaktine AL, et al., editors. Dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US). 2011 cited 2022 Jun 16. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK56070/
  • Giustina A, Adler RA, Binkley N, et al. Consensus statement from 2nd international conference on controversies in Vitamin D. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2020;21:89–116.
  • Cashman KD. 100 YEARS OF VITAMIN D: global differences in vitamin D status and dietary intake: a review of the data. Endocr Connect. 2022;11:cited 2022 Mar 16: Available from https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/11/1/EC-21-0282.xml.
  • Amrein K, Scherkl M, Hoffmann M, et al. Vitamin D deficiency 2.0: an update on the current status worldwide. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020;74:1498–1513.
  • Roth DE, Abrams SA, Aloia J, et al. Global prevalence and disease burden of vitamin D deficiency: a roadmap for action in low- and middle-income countries. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2018;1430:44–79.
  • Shrestha D, Budhathoki S, Pokhrel S, et al. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and their babies in Bhaktapur, Nepal. BMC Nutr. 2019 May 29;5:31.
  • Hong-Bi S, Yin X, Xiaowu Y, et al. High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and its relationship with adverse pregnancy outcomes in Guizhou, China. J Int Med Res. 2018;46:4500–4505.
  • Al-Wassia H, Abo-Ouf N. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in mother–infant pairs in a tertiary hospital in the west coast of Saudi Arabia. J Clin Neonatol. 2016;5:243.
  • Mogire RM, Mutua A, Kimita W, et al. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2020;8:e134–142.
  • Institute of Medicine (US). Standing committee on the scientific evaluation of dietary reference intakes. Dietary reference intakes for calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US). 1997 cited 2022 Jun 19. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK109825/
  • National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia. Vitamin D [Internet]. National Health Medical Research Council. 2014 cited 2022 Jun 19. Available from: https://www.nrv.gov.au/nutrients/vitamin-d
  • Davies SC, Jewell T, McBride M, et al. Vitamin D—advice on supplements for at risk groups. London: Department of Health; 2012. p. 1–4.
  • Kumar RK, Das H, Girish SV, et al. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among newborns. Indian Pediatr. 2020;57:258–259.
  • Hillman LS, Haddad JG. Human perinatal vitamin D metabolism I: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in maternal and cord blood. J Pediatr. 1974;84:742–749.
  • Ala-Houhala M. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels during breast-feeding with or without maternal or infantile supplementation of vitamin D. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1985;4:220–226.
  • Hollis BW, Roos BA, Draper HH, et al. Vitamin D and its metabolites in human and bovine milk. J Nutr. 1981;111:1240–1248.
  • Dawodu A, Agarwal M, Hossain M, et al. Hypovitaminosis D and vitamin D deficiency in exclusively breast-feeding infants and their mothers in summer: a justification for vitamin D supplementation of breast-feeding infants. J Pediatr. 2003;142:169–173.
  • Balasubramanian S, Ganesh R. Vitamin D deficiency in exclusively breast-fed infants. Indian J Med Res. 2008;127:250–255.
  • Tareke AA, Hadgu AA, Ayana AM, et al. Prenatal vitamin D supplementation and child respiratory health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. World Allergy Organ J. 2020;13:100486.
  • Dror DK, Allen LH. Vitamin D inadequacy in pregnancy: biology, outcomes, and interventions. Nutr Rev. 2010;68:465–477.
  • Tous M, Villalobos M, Iglesias L, et al. Vitamin D status during pregnancy and offspring outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020;74:36–53.
  • Maugeri A, Barchitta M, Blanco I, et al. Effects of Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on birth size: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrients. 2019;11:442.
  • Fang K, He Y, Mu M, et al. Maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy and low birth weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2021;34:1167–1173.
  • Hollis BW, Wagner CL. Substantial vitamin D supplementation is required during the prenatal period to improve birth outcomes. Nutrients. 2022;14:899.
  • Higgins JPT, Altman DG, Gøtzsche PC, et al. The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2011 cited 2020 May 5;343: Available from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3196245/
  • Wells G, Wells G, Shea B, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. 2014. cited 2022 Jun 25. Available from: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Newcastle-Ottawa-Scale-NOS-for-Assessing-the-Wells-Wells/c293fb316b6176154c3fdbb8340a107d9c8c82bf
  • Rücker G, Cates CJ, Schwarzer G. Methods for including information from multi-arm trials in pairwise meta-analysis. Res Synth Methods. 2017;8:392–403.
  • Higgins JP, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat Med. 2002;21:1539–1558.
  • Diogenes MEL, Bezerra FF, Rezende EP, et al. Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation during the third trimester of pregnancy in adolescents accustomed to low calcium diets does not affect infant bone mass at early lactation in a randomized controlled trial. J Nutr. 2015;145:1515–1523.
  • Hajhashemi M, Khorsandi A, Haghollahi F. Comparison of sun exposure versus vitamin D supplementation for pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2019;32:1347–1352.
  • Brustad N, Garland J, Thorsen J, et al. Effect of high-dose vs standard-dose vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy on bone mineralization in offspring until age 6 years: a prespecified secondary analysis of a double-blinded, randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2020;174:419–427.
  • Litonjua AA, Carey VJ, Laranjo N, et al. Effect of prenatal supplementation with vitamin D on asthma or recurrent wheezing in offspring by age 3 years: the VDAART randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2016;315:362–370.
  • Hashemipour S, Ziaee A, Javadi A, et al. Effect of treatment of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency during pregnancy on fetal growth indices and maternal weight gain: a randomized clinical trial. Eur J Obstet Gynecol. 2014;172:15–19.
  • Elmee P, Shahrokh Taghavi S. Effect of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on birth weight: a case-control study. Iran J Neonatology IJN. 2017;8:27–30.
  • Kalra P, Das V, Agarwal A, et al. Effect of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on neonatal mineral homeostasis and anthropometry of the newborn and infant. Br J Nutr. 2012;108:1052–1058.
  • Karamali M, Beihaghi E, Mohammadi AA, et al. Effects of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on metabolic status and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women at risk for pre-eclampsia. Horm Metab Res. 2015;47:867–872.
  • Cooper C, Harvey NC, Bishop NJ, et al. Maternal gestational vitamin D supplementation and offspring bone health (MAVIDOS): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2016;4:393–402.
  • Sahoo SK, Katam KK, Das V, et al. Maternal vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy and offspring outcomes: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. J Bone Miner Metab. 2017;35:464–471.
  • Roth DE, Perumal N, Mahmud AA, et al. Maternal vitamin D3 supplementation during the third trimester of pregnancy: effects on infant growth in a longitudinal follow-up study in Bangladesh. J Pediatr. 2013;163:1605–1611.e3.
  • Hossain N, Kanani FH, Ramzan S, et al. Obstetric and neonatal outcomes of maternal vitamin D supplementation: results of an open-label, randomized controlled trial of antenatal vitamin d supplementation in Pakistani women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99:2448–2455.
  • Perumal N, Al Mahmud A, Baqui AH, et al. Prenatal vitamin D supplementation and infant vitamin D status in Bangladesh. Public Health Nutr. 2017;20:1865–1873.
  • Sablok A, Batra A, Thariani K, et al. Supplementation of vitamin D in pregnancy and its correlation with feto-maternal outcome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2015;83:536–541.
  • Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi S, Mirghafourvand M, Mansouri A, et al. The effect of vitamin D and calcium plus vitamin D during pregnancy on pregnancy and birth outcomes: a randomized controlled trial. J Caring Sci. 2015;4:35–44.
  • Mojibian M, Soheilykhah S, Zadeh MAF, et al. The effects of vitamin D supplementation on maternal and neonatal outcome: a randomized clinical trial. Iran J Reprod Med. 2015;13:687–696.
  • Sabet Z, Ghazi MS, Tohidi M, et al. vit D supplementation in pregnant Iranian women effects of maternal and neonatal vitamin D and parathyroid hormone status. Acta Endocrinologica-Bucharest. 2012;3:59–66.
  • Hornsby E, Pfeffer PE, Laranjo N, et al. Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy: effect on the neonatal immune system in a randomized controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018;141:269–278.e1.
  • Vaziri F, Dabbaghmanesh MH, Samsami A, et al. Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on infant anthropometric measurements and bone mass of mother-infant pairs: a randomized placebo clinical trial. Early Hum Dev. 2016;103:61–68.
  • Roth DE, Morris SK, Zlotkin S, et al. Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy and lactation and infant growth. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:535–546.
  • Brooke OG, Brown IR, Bone CD, et al. Vitamin D supplements in pregnant Asian women: effects on calcium status and fetal growth. Br Med J. 1980;280:751–754.
  • Thiele DK, Ralph J, El-Masri M, et al. Vitamin D3 supplementation during pregnancy and lactation improves vitamin D status of the mother–infant Dyad. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2017;46:135–147.
  • Abotorabi S, Hashemi Poor S, Esmailzadehha N, et al. Effect of treatment with vitamin D on maternal and neonatal indices in pregnant women with hypocalcemia: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Pediatr. 2017;5:5733–5739.
  • Boghossian NS, Koo W, Liu A, et al. Longitudinal measures of maternal vitamin D and neonatal body composition. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2019;73:424–431.
  • Chi MZ, Zhu L, Zhang ZL, et al. The relationship between maternal serum vitamin D levels and infant neurodevelopment and anthropometry: a prospective observational study. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2018;64:161–167.
  • Dalgård C, Petersen MS, Steuerwald U, et al. Umbilical Cord Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and relation to birthweight, head circumference and infant length at age 14 days. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2016;30:238–245.
  • Gale CR, Robinson SM, Harvey NC, et al. Maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy and child outcomes. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2008;62:68–77.
  • Skowrońska-Jóźwiak E, Lebiedzińska K, Smyczyńska J, et al. Effects of maternal vitamin D status on pregnancy outcomes, health of pregnant women and their offspring. Neuroendocrinol Lett. 2014;35:367–372.
  • Kılıcaslan AÖ, Kutlu R, Kilinc I, et al. The effects of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and maternal vitamin D levels on neonatal vitamin D levels and birth parameters. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018;31:1727–1734.
  • Morales E, Rodriguez A, Valvi D, et al. Deficit of vitamin D in pregnancy and growth and overweight in the offspring. Int J Obesity. 2015;39:61–68.
  • Morley R, Carlin JB, Pasco JA, et al. Maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone concentrations and offspring birth size. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91:906–912.
  • Ni M, Zhang Q, Zhao J, et al. Relationship between maternal vitamin D status in the first trimester of pregnancy and maternal and neonatal outcomes: a retrospective single center study. BMC Pediatr. 2021;21:330.
  • Ong YL, Quah PL, Tint MT, et al. The association of maternal vitamin D status with infant birth outcomes, postnatal growth and adiposity in the first 2 years of life in a multi-ethnic Asian population: the growing up in Singapore towards healthy outcomes (GUSTO) cohort study. Br J Nutr. 2016;116:621–631.
  • Reichetzeder C, Chen H, Föller M, et al. Maternal vitamin D deficiency and fetal programming - lessons learned from humans and mice. Kbr. 2014;39:315–329.
  • Sabour H, Hossein-Nezhad A, Maghbooli Z, et al. Relationship between pregnancy outcomes and maternal vitamin D and calcium intake: a cross-sectional study. Gynecological Endocrinol. 2006;22:585–589.
  • Sarma D, Saikia UK, Das DV. Fetal Skeletal Size and Growth are relevant biometric markers in vitamin D deficient mothers: a North East India prospective cohort study. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2018;22:212–216.
  • Shakeri M, Jafarirad S. The relationship between maternal vitamin D status during third trimester of pregnancy and maternal and neonatal outcomes: a longitudinal study. Ijrm. 2019;17:33.
  • Song SJ, Si S, Liu J, et al. Vitamin D status in Chinese pregnant women and their newborns in Beijing and their relationships to birth size. Public Health Nutr. 2013;16:687–692.
  • Viljakainen HT, Saarnio E, Hytinantti T, et al. Maternal vitamin D status determines bone variables in the newborn. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95:1749–1757.
  • Zhou J, Su L, Liu M, et al. Associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and pregnancy outcomes: a prospective observational study in southern China. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014;68:925–930.
  • Leffelaar ER, Vrijkotte TGM, van EM. Maternal early pregnancy vitamin D status in relation to fetal and neonatal growth: results of the multi-ethnic Amsterdam born children and their development cohort. Br J Nutr. 2010;104:108–117.
  • Brooke OG, Butters F, Wood C. Intrauterine vitamin D nutrition and postnatal growth in Asian infants. Br Med J (Clinical Research Ed). 1981;283:1024.
  • O’Callaghan KM, Shanta SS, Fariha F, et al. Effect of maternal prenatal and postpartum vitamin D supplementation on offspring bone mass and muscle strength in early childhood: follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2022;115:770–780.
  • Eckhardt CL, Gernand AD, Roth DE, et al. Maternal vitamin D status and infant anthropometry in a US multi-centre cohort study. Ann Hum Biol. 2015;42:217–224.
  • Wei SQ, Qi HP, Luo ZC, et al. Maternal vitamin D status and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013;26:889–899.
  • Pérez-López FR, Pasupuleti V, Mezones-Holguin E, et al. Effect of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Fertil Steril. 2015;103:1278–1288.e4.
  • Bi WG, Nuyt AM, Weiler H, et al. Association between vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and offspring growth, morbidity, and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2018;172:635–645.
  • Boonen S, Vanderschueren D, Haentjens P, et al. Calcium and vitamin D in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis – a clinical update. J Intern Med. 2006;259:539–552.
  • De‐Regil LM, Palacios C, Lombardo LK, et al. Vitamin D supplementation for women during pregnancy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews [Internet]. 2016. cited 2022 Apr 14. Available from: https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD008873.pub3/full
  • Ma K, Wei SQ, Bi WG, et al. Effect of vitamin D supplementation in early life on children’s growth and body composition: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrients. 2021;13:524.
  • Kearns MD, Alvarez JA, Large TV. Single-Dose, oral vitamin D supplementation in adult populations: a systematic review. Endocr Pract. 2014;20:341–351.
  • Ilahi M, Armas LA, Heaney RP. Pharmacokinetics of a single, large dose of cholecalciferol. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87:688–691.
  • Akács I, Tóth BE, Szekeres L, et al. Randomized clinical trial to comparing efficacy of daily, weekly and monthly administration of vitamin D3. Endocrine. 2017;55:60–65.
  • Bokharee N, Khan YH, Wasim T, et al. Daily versus stat vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy; A prospective cohort study. PLoS One. 2020;15:e0231590.
  • Mallet E, Gügi B, Brunelle P, et al. Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy: a controlled trial of two methods. Obstet Gynecol. 1986;68:300–304.
  • Mortensen C, Tetens I, Kristensen M, et al. Adherence and barriers to the vitamin D and calcium supplement recommendation at Danish nursing homes: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr. 2022;22:27.
  • Liu H, Golin CE, Miller LG, et al. A comparison study of multiple measures of adherence to HIV protease inhibitors. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:968–977.