1,174
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

“Arming half-baked people with weapons!” Information enclaving among professionals and the need for a care-centred model for antibiotic use information in Uganda, Tanzania and Malawi

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, , ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & (  and the AMIS, DRUM, HATUA and SNAP Consortia.) ORCID Icon show all
Article: 2322839 | Received 28 Jun 2023, Accepted 21 Feb 2024, Published online: 05 Mar 2024

References

  • World Health Organisation. Antimicrobial resistance (WHO Fact sheet). 2018 [cited 2019 Sep 12]. Available from: http://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/antimicrobial-resistance
  • World Health Organization. Food and agriculture organization, world organisation for animal health. WHO, FAO, and OIE unite in the fight against antimicrobial resistance. ( Flyer) 2015 [cited 2019 Sep 12]. Available from: https://www.who.int/foodsafety/areas_work/antimicrobial-resistance/amr_tripartite_flyer.pdf?ua=1
  • World Health Organisation. WHO report on surveillance of antibiotic consumption: 2016–2018 early implementation. 2018. Available from: https://www.who.int/medicines/areas/rational_use/who-amr-amc-report-20181109.pdf?ua=1
  • Klein EY, Van Boeckel TP, Martinez EM, Pant S, Gandra S, Levin SA, et al. Global increase and geographic convergence in antibiotic consumption between 2000 and 2015. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2018;115:E3463–E70.
  • Van Boeckel TP, Gandra S, Ashok A, Caudron Q, Grenfell BT, Levin SA, et al. Global antibiotic consumption 2000 to 2010: an analysis of national pharmaceutical sales data. Lancet Infect Dis. 2014;14:742–15. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70780-7
  • World Health Organization. Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2015.
  • Pearson M, Chandler C. Knowing antimicrobial resistance in practice: a multi-country qualitative study with human and animal healthcare professionals. Global Health Action. 2019;12:1599560. doi: 10.1080/16549716.2019.1599560
  • Nayiga S, Denyer Willis L, Staedke GS, Chandler CIR. Reconciling imperatives: clinical guidelines, antibiotic prescribing and the enactment of good care in lower-level health facilities in Tororo, Uganda. Glob Public Health. 2022;17:1–12. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2022.2045619
  • Musoke D, Namata C, Lubega GB, Kitutu FE, Mugisha L, Amir S, et al. Access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda: a qualitative study. J Pharm Policy Pract. 2021;14:1–12.
  • Do NTT, Vu HTL, Nguyen CTK, Punpuing S, Khan WA, Gyapong M, et al. Community-based antibiotic access and use in six low-income and middle-income countries: a mixed-method approach. Lancet Glob Health. 2021;9:E610–E9.
  • Ndaki PM, Mushi MF, Mwanga JR, Konje ET, Ntinginya NE, Mmbaga BT, et al. Dispensing antibiotics without prescription at community pharmacies and accredited drug dispensing outlets in Tanzania: a cross-sectional study. Antibiotics. 2021;10:1025. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10081025
  • Gabriel S, Manumbu L, Mkusa O, Kilonzi M, Marealle AI, Mutagonda RF, et al. Knowledge of use of antibiotics among consumers in Tanzania. JAC Antimicrob Resist. 2021;3:dlab183. doi: 10.1093/jacamr/dlab183. Epub 20211130; PubMed PMID: 34859224; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC8634462.
  • Mboya EA, Davies ML, Horumpende PG, Ngocho JS, Lacetera N. Inadequate knowledge on appropriate antibiotics use among clients in the Moshi municipality Northern Tanzania. PLoS One. 2020;15:e0239388. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239388
  • Grace D, Randolph T, Diall O, Clausen P. Training farmers in rational drug-use improves their management of cattle trypanosomosis: a cluster-randomised trial in south Mali. Prev Vet Med. 2008;83:83–97. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2007.06.005
  • Machila N, Emongor R, Shaw AP, Welburn SC, McDermott J, Maudlin I, et al. A community education intervention to improve bovine trypanosomiasis knowledge and appropriate use of trypanocidal drugs on smallholder farms in Kenya. Agric Syst. 2007;94:261–72. doi: 10.1016/j.agsy.2006.09.004
  • Valimba R, Liana J, Joshi MP, Rutta E, Embrey M, Bundala M, et al. Engaging the private sector to improve antimicrobial use in the community: experience from accredited drug dispensing outlets in Tanzania. J Pharm Policy Pract. 2014;7:11. doi: 10.1186/2052-3211-7-11. Epub 2014/10/10; PubMed PMID: 25298887; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4177420.
  • Hayes CV, Mahon B, Sides E, Allison R, Lecky DM, McNulty CAM. Empowering patients to self-manage common infections: qualitative study informing the development of an evidence-based patient information leaflet. Antibiotics. 2021;10:1113. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10091113
  • World Health Organization. Universal health coverage factsheet. 2023 Oct 5. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/universal-health-coverage-(uhc):2023
  • World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). Strengthening veterinary services through the OIE PVS pathway. The case for engagement and investment. Available from: https://www.woah.org/app/uploads/2021/03/20190513-business-case-v10-ld.pdf:2019
  • MacPherson EE, Reynolds J, Sanudi E, Nkaombe A, Mankhomwa J, Dixon J, et al. Understanding antimicrobial use in subsistence farmers in Chikwawa district Malawi, implications for public awareness campaigns. PLOS Glob Public Health. 2022;2:e0000314.
  • MacPherson EE, Reynolds J, Sanudi E, Nkaombe A, Phiri C, Mankhomwa J, et al. Understanding antimicrobial resistance through the lens of antibiotic vulnerabilities in primary health care in rural Malawi. Glob Public Health. 2022;17:2630–46. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2021.2015615
  • Nayiga S, Denyer Willis L, Staedke SG, Chandler CIR. Taking opportunities, taking medicines: antibiotic use in rural Eastern Uganda. Med Anthropol. 2022;41:418–30. doi: 10.1080/01459740.2022.2047676
  • Mankhomwa J, Tolhurst R, Eunice M’biya E, Chikowe I, Banda P, Mussa J, et al. A qualitative study of antibiotic use practices in intensive small-scale farming in urban and peri-urban Blantyre, Malawi: implications for antimicrobial resistance. Front Vet Sci. 2022;9. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.876513
  • Green DL, Keenan K, Fredricks KJ, Huque SI, Mushi MF, Kansiime C, et al. The role of multidimensional poverty in antibiotic misuse: a mixed-methods study of self-medication and non-adherence in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Lancet Glob Health. 2023;11:e59–e68. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00423-5
  • Kayendeke M, Denyer-Willis L, Nayiga S, Nabirye C, Fortané N, Staedke SG, et al. Pharmaceuticalised livelihoods: antibiotics and the rise of ‘Quick farming’ in peri-urban Uganda. J Biosoc Sci. 2023;55:995–1014. doi: 10.1017/S0021932023000019. Epub 2023/02/10.
  • Denyer Willis L, Kayendeke M, Chandler CI. The politics of irrationality. Med Anthropol Q. 2023;37:1–14. doi: 10.1111/maq.12809
  • Keenan K, Fredricks KJ, Al Ahad MA, Neema S, Mwanga JR, Kesby M, et al. Unravelling patient pathways in the context of antibacterial resistance in East Africa. BMC Infect Dis. 2023;23:414. doi: 10.1186/s12879-023-08392-9
  • Dalglish SL, Khalid H, McMahon SA. Document analysis in health policy research: the READ approach. Health Policy Plann. 2020;35:1424–1431. doi: 10.1093/heapol/czaa064
  • Hammersley M, Atkinson P. Ethnography principles in practice. London: Routledge; 2019.
  • Buregyeya E, Rutebemberwa E, LaRussa P, Lal S, Clarke SE, Hansen KS, et al. Comparison of the capacity between public and private health facilities to manage under-five children with febrile illnesses in Uganda. Malaria J. 2017;16:183. doi: 10.1186/s12936-017-1842-8
  • Arvidsson A, Fischer K, Hansen K, Sternberg-Lewerin S, Chenais E. Diverging discourses: animal health challenges and veterinary care in Northern Uganda. Front Vet Sci. 2022;9. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.773903
  • Mukasa O, Masanja H, DeSavigny D, Schellenberg J. A cohort study of survival following discharge from hospital in rural Tanzanian children using linked data of admissions with community-based demographic surveillance. Emerg Themes Epidemiol. 2021;18:4. doi: 10.1186/s12982-021-00094-4
  • Luseba D, Rwambo P. Review of the policy, regulatory and administrative framework for delivery oflivestock health products and services in Eastern and Southern Africa. 2015.
  • Caudell MA, Mangesho PE, Mwakapeje ER, Dorado-García A, Kabali E, Price C, et al. Narratives of veterinary drug use in Northern Tanzania and consequences for drug stewardship strategies in low-income and middle-income countries. BMJ Global Health. 2022;7:e006958. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006958
  • Frumence G, Mboera LEG, Sindato C, Durrance-Bagale A, Jung A-S, Mshana SE, et al. Practices and challenges of veterinary paraprofessionals in regards to antimicrobial use and resistance in animals in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Antibiotics. 2021;10:733. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10060733. Epub 2021/07/03; PubMed PMID: 34204437; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC8234030.
  • Abiiro GA, Mbera GB, De Allegri M. Gaps in universal health coverage in Malawi: a qualitative study in rural communities. BMC Health Serv Res. 2014;14:234. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-14-234
  • Khuluza F, Haefele-Abah C, Thet Wai K. The availability, prices and affordability of essential medicines in Malawi: a cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2019;14:e0212125. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212125
  • Ministry of Health. Human resources for health strategic plan 2020–2030 - effective health workforce coverage and resilience. Kampala: Ministry of Health; 2021.
  • Sawatsky AP, Parekh N, Muula AS, Bui T. Specialization training in Malawi: a qualitative study on the perspectives of medical students graduating from the University of Malawi College of Medicine. BMC Med Educ. 2014;14:2. doi: 10.1186/1472-6920-14-2
  • Welttierschutz-gesellschaft e.V. VETS UNITED in Uganda. Knowledge that saves lives. 2023.
  • United Republic of Tanzania. The veterinary act Dar es Salaam. Tanzania: Government Printer; 2003.
  • Uganda veterinary association. 2022. Available from: https://ugandavetassociation.org/about-us/#
  • Tanzania veterinary association. 2022. Available from: https://www.tva.or.tz/
  • Torres NF, Chibi B, Kuupiel D, Solomon VP, Mashamba-Thompson TP, Middleton LE. The use of non-prescribed antibiotics; prevalence estimates in low-and-middle-income countries. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Public Health. 2021;79:2. doi: 10.1186/s13690-020-00517-9
  • Nayiga S, Kayendeke M, Nabirye C, Denyer Willis L, Chandler CIR, Staedke SG. Use of antibiotics to treat humans and animals in Uganda: a cross-sectional survey of households and farmers in rural, urban and peri-urban settings. JAC Antimicrob Resist. 2020;2. doi: 10.1093/jacamr/dlaa082
  • van der Geest S. Training shopkeepers and schoolchildren in medicine use: experiments in applied medical anthropology in East Africa. Med Anthropol Q. 1999;13:253–5. doi: 10.1525/maq.1999.13.2.253. Epub 1999/08/10; PubMed PMID: 10440032.
  • Armstrong D. Medicine as a profession: times of change. BMJ. 1990;301:691–3. doi: 10.1136/bmj.301.6754.691. PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC1664061.
  • Palanco Lopez P, Chandler CI. Histories of antibiotics: a one health account of the arrival of antimicrobial drugs to Zimbabwe, Malawi and Uganda. Report for the improving human health flagship initiative, agriculture for nutrition and health research programme, CGIAR. London: London School of Hygeine and Tropical Medicine; 2020.
  • Hokkanen M. Medicine, mobility and the empire: nyasaland networks, 1859–1960. In: Thompson AS, editor. Studies in imperialism. Manchester (UK): Manchester University Press; 2017.
  • Pitt MB, Hendrickson MA. Eradicating jargon-oblivion—a proposed classification system of medical jargon. J Gen Intern Med. 2020;35:1861–1864. doi: 10.1007/s11606-019-05526-1
  • Castro CM, Wilson C, Wang F, Schillinger D. Babel babble: physicians’ use of unclarified medical jargon with patients. Am J Health Behav. 2007;31 Suppl 1:S85–95. doi: 10.5555/ajhb.2007.31.supp.S85. PubMed PMID: 17931142.
  • Lysanets YV, Bieliaieva OM. The use of Latin terminology in medical case reports: quantitative, structural, and thematic analysis. J Med Case Rep. 2018;12:45. doi: 10.1186/s13256-018-1562-x
  • Leslie C, Young A. Paths to Asian medical knowledge, in comparative studies of health systems and medical care. Berkeley (CA): University of California Press; 1992.
  • Littlewood R. On knowing and not knowing in the anthropology of medicine. Abingdon: Routledge; 2010.
  • Armstrong D. Clinical autonomy, individual and collective: the problem of changing doctors’ behaviour. Soc Sci Med. 2002;55:1771–7. doi: 10.1016/s0277-9536(01)00309-4
  • Grace D, Randolph T, Affognon H, Dramane D, Diall O, Clausen P. Characterisation and validation of farmers’ knowledge and practice of cattle trypanosomosis management in the cotton zone of West Africa. Acta Tropica. 2009;111:137–43. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.03.009
  • Wafula FN, Goodman CA. Are interventions for improving the quality of services provided by specialized drug shops effective in sub-Saharan Africa? A systematic review of the literature. Int J Qual Health Care. 2010;22:316–23. doi: 10.1093/intqhc/mzq022. Epub 2010/05/01; PubMed PMID: 20430823.
  • World Health Organisation. The evolving threat of antimicrobial resistance options for action. 2012.
  • Langdridge D, Davis M, Gozdzielewska L, McParland J, Williams L, Young M, et al. A visual affective analysis of mass media interventions to increase antimicrobial stewardship amongst the public. British J Health Psychol. 2019;24:66–87. doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12339. PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6585774.
  • Nerlich B. “The post-antibiotic apocalypse“ and the “war on superbugs”: catastrophe discourse in microbiology, its rhetorical form and political function. Public Understanding Sci. 2009;18:574–588. doi: 10.1177/0963662507087974
  • Holloway KA, Rosella L, Henry D, Ahmed N. The impact of WHO essential medicines policies on inappropriate use of antibiotics. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0152020. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152020
  • Haynes C, McLeod C. A review of reviews of educational interventions designed to change the public’s knowledge and behaviour in relation to antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance that target healthcare professionals and patients 2015. Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng63/documents/antimicrobial-stewardship-changing-riskrelated-behaviours-in-the-general-population-review-3-protocol2
  • Price L, Gozdzielewska L, Young M, Smith F, MacDonald J, McParland J, et al. Effectiveness of interventions to improve the public’s antimicrobial resistance awareness and behaviours associated with prudent use of antimicrobials: a systematic review. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2018;73:1464–1478. doi: 10.1093/jac/dky076
  • Mead N, Bower P. Patient-centredness: a conceptual framework and review of the empirical literature. Soc Sci Med. 2000;51:1087–110. doi: 10.1016/S0277-9536(00)00098-8. PubMed PMID: 11005395.
  • Louw JM, Marcus TS, Hugo JFM. Patient- or person-centred practice in medicine? - A review of concepts. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2017;9:e1–e7. doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v9i1.1455. Epub 20171019; PubMed PMID: 29113447; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5675925.
  • Kwame A, Petrucka PM. A literature-based study of patient-centered care and communication in nurse-patient interactions: barriers, facilitators, and the way forward. BMC Nurs. 2021;20:158. doi: 10.1186/s12912-021-00684-2
  • The World Health Organisation. Promoting rational use of medicines. 2023.
  • World Health Organisation. The WHO essential medicines list antibiotic book: improving antibiotic awareness. 2021.