Heat budget analysis in three typical warm periods simulated by FGOALS-s2

References

• Bao, Q., P. Lin, T. Zhou, Y. Liu, Y. Yu, G. Wu, B. He, et al. 2013. “The Flexible Global Ocean-atmosphere-land System Model, Spectral Version 2: FGOALS-S2.” Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 30 (3): 561–576. doi:10.1007/s00376-012-2113-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berger, A. 1978. “Long-term Variations of Daily Insolation and Quaternary Climatic Changes.” Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 35: 2362–2367.10.1175/1520-0469(1978)035<2362:LTVODI>2.0.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braconnot, P., B. Otto-Bliesner, S. Harrison, S. Joussaume, J. Y. Peterchmitt, A. Abe-Ouchi, M. Crucifix, et al. 2007. “Results of PMIP2 Coupled Simulations of the mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum – Part 1: Experiments and Large-scale Features.” Climate of the Past 3: 261–277. doi:10.5194/cp-3-261-2007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braconnot, P., S. P. Harrison, M. Kageyama, P. J. Bartlein, V. Masson-Delmotte, A. Abe-Ouchi, B. Otto-Bliesner, and Y. Zhao. 2012. “Evaluation of Climate Models Using Palaeoclimatic Data.” Nature Climate Change 2: 417–424. doi:10.1038/nclimate1456.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du, Y., and S. P. Xie. 2008. “Role of Atmospheric Adjustments in the Tropical Indian Ocean Warming during the 20th Century in Climate Models.” Geophysical Research Letters 35: L08712. doi:10.1029/2008GL033631.
   Google Scholar
• Hansen, J., L. Nazarenko, R. Ruedy, M. Sato, J. Willis, A. Del-Genio, D. Koch, et al. 2005. “Earth’s Energy Imbalance Confirmation and Implications.” Science 308: 1431–1435.10.1126/science.1110252
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, D., X. Lang, Z. Tian, and T. Wang 2012. Considerable Model-data Mismatch in Temperature over China during the mid-Holocene: Results of PMIP Simulations. Journal of Climate, 25:4135–4153. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00231.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levitus, S., J. I. Antonov, T. P. Boyer, and C. Stephens. 2000. “Warming of the World Ocean.” Science 287: 2225–2229.10.1126/science.287.5461.2225
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levitus, S., J. I. Antonov, T. P. Boyer, O. K. Baranova, H. E. Garcia, R. A. Locarnini, A. V. Mishonov, et al. 2012. “World Ocean Heat Content and Thermosteric Sea Level Change (0–2000 m), 1955–2010.” Geophysical Research Letter 39: L10603. doi:10.1029/2012GL051106.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levitus, S., J. I. Antonov, J. Wang, T. L. Delworth, K. W. Dixon, and A. J. Broccoli. 2001. “Anthropogenic Warming of Earth’s Climate System.” Science 292: 267–270.10.1126/science.1058154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, Z., J. Zhu, Y. Rosenthal, X. Zhang, B. L. Otto-Bliesner, A. Timmermann, R. S. Smith, et al. 2014. “The Holocene Temperature Conundrum.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. E3501–E3505. doi:10.1073/pnas.1407229111.
   Google Scholar
• Luan, Y. H., P. Braconnot, Y. Yu, W. Zheng, and O. Marti. 2012. “Early and mid-Holocene Climate in the Tropical Pacific: Seasonal Cycle and Interannual Variability Induced by Insolation Changes.” Climate of the Past 8: 1093–1108.10.5194/cp-8-1093-2012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcott, S. A., J. D. Shakun, P. U. Clark, and A. C. Mix. 2013. “A Reconstruction of Regional and Global Temperature for the past 11,300 Years.” Science 339: 1198–1201.10.1126/science.1228026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenthal, Y., B. K. Linsley, and D. W. Oppo. 2013. “Pacific Ocean Heat Content during the past 10,000 Years.” Science 342: 617–621. doi:10.1126/science.1240837.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K. B. Averyt, M. Tignor, and H. L. Miller (eds.).2007. IPCC, Climate Change 2007: The Physical Sciences Basis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Stocker, T. F., D. Qin, G. K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S. K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex, and P. M. Midgley (eds.). 2013. IPCC, Climate Change 2013: The Physical Sciences Basis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, K. E., R. J. Stouffer, and G. A. Meehl. 2012. “An Overview of CMIP5 and the Experiment Design.” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 93: 485–498.10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00094.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, S., Z. Xie, J. Cai, J. Zhu, and D. Gong. 2002. “Global Mean Temperature Changes during the Last Millennium.” Progress in Natural Science 12 (12): 920–924.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, T., H. J. Wang, and D. B. Jiang. 2010. “Mid-Holocene East Asian Summer Climate as Simulated by the PMIP2 Models.” Palaeogeography Palaeocology 288: 93–102.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng, W., and Y. Yu. 2013. “Paleoclimate Simulations of the mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum by FGOALS.” Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 30 (3): 684–698.10.1007/s00376-012-2177-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, T., B. Li, W. Man, L. Zhang, and J. Zhang. 2011. “A Comparison of the Medieval Warm Period, Little Ice Age and 20th Century Warming Simulated by the FGOALS Climate System Model.” Chinese Science Bulletin 56 (28–29): 3028–3041.10.1007/s11434-011-4641-6
   Google Scholar