Simulated and projected relationship between the East Asian winter monsoon and winter Arctic Oscillation in CMIP5 models

References

• Andrews, D. G., J. R. Holton, and C. B. Leovy. 1987. Middle Atmosphere Dynamics. San Diego, California: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, W., S. Yang, and R. H. Huang. 2005. “Relationship between Stationary Planetary Wave Activity and the East Asian Winter Monsoon.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 110 (D14). doi:10.1029/2004JD005669.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, W. H. F. Graf, and R. Huang. 2000. “The Interannual Variability of East Asian Winter Monsoon and Its Relation to the Summer Monsoon.” Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 17 (1): 48–60. doi: 10.1007/s00376-000-0042-5.
   Google Scholar
• Ding, Y. H., Y. J. Liu, S. J. Liang, X. Q. Ma, Y. X. Zhang, D. Si, P. Liang, Y. F. Song, and J. Zhang. 2014. “Interdecadal Variability of the East Asian Winter Monsoon and Its Possible Links to Global Climate Change.” Journal of Meteorological Research 28 (5): 693–713. doi:10.1007/s13351-014-4046-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillett, N. P., and J. C. Fyfe. 2013. “Annular Mode Changes in the CMIP5 Simulations.” Geophysical Research Letters 40 (6): 1189–1193. doi:10.1002/grl.50249.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gong, D. Y., S. W. Wang, and J. H. Zhu. 2001. “East Asian Winter Monsoon and Arctic Oscillation.” Geophysical Research Letters 28 (10): 2073–2076. doi:10.1029/2000GL012311.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gong, H. N., L. Wang, W. Chen, R. G. Wu, K. Wei, and X. F. Cui. 2014. “The Climatology and Interannual Variability of the East Asian Winter Monsoon in CMIP5 Models.” Journal of Climate 27 (4): 1659–1678. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00039.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gong, H. N., L. Wang, W. Chen, X. L. Chen, and D. Nath. 2017. “Biases of the Wintertime Arctic Oscillation in CMIP5 Models.” Environmental Research Letters 12 (1). doi:10.1088/1748-9326/12/1/014001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, S. P., and H. J. Wang. 2012. “An Integrated East Asian Winter Monsoon Index and Its Interannual Variability (In Chinese).” Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences 36 (3): 523–538.
   Google Scholar
• He, S. P., Y. Q. Gao, F. Li, H. J. Wang, and Y. C. He. 2017. “Impact of Arctic Oscillation on the East Asian Climate: A Review.” Earth-Science Reviews 164: 48–62. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.10.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, Z. Z., L. Bengtsson, and K. Arpe. 2000. “Impact of Global Warming on the Asian Winter Monsoon in a Coupled GCM.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 105 (D4): 4607–4624. doi:10.1029/1999JD901031.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, D. B., and Z. P. Tian. 2013. “East Asian Monsoon Change for the 21st Century: Results of CMIP3 and CMIP5 Models.” Chinese Science Bulletin 58 (12): 1427–1435. doi:10.1007/s11434-012-5533-0.
   Google Scholar
• Kalnay, E., M. Kanamitsu, R. Kistler, W. Collins, D. Deaven, L. Gandin, M. Iredell, et al. 1996. “The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project.” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 77 (3): 437–471. doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<0437:TNYRP>2.0.CO;2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, F., and H. J. Wang. 2013. “Relationship between Bering Sea Ice Cover and East Asian Winter Monsoon Year-To-Year Variations.” Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 30 (1): 48–56. doi:10.1007/s00376-012-2071-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, F., H. J. Wang, and Y. Q. Gao. 2014. “On the Strengthened Relationship between the East Asian Winter Monsoon and Arctic Oscillation: A Comparison of 1950–70 and 1983–2012.” Journal of Climate 27 (13): 5075–5091. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00335.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Y. Q., and S. Yang. 2010. “A Dynamical Index for the East Asian Winter Monsoon.” Journal of Climate 23 (15): 4255–4262. doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3375.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, C. H., B. T. Zhou, and Y. H. Ding. 2016. “Decadal Variation of the Northern Hemisphere Annular Mode and Its Influence on the East Asian Trough.” Journal of Meteorological Research 30 (4): 584–597. doi:10.1007/s13351-016-5105-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, R. L., G. A. Schmidt, and D. T. Shindell. 2006. “Forced Annular Variations in the 20th Century Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report Models.” Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 111 (D18). doi:10.1029/2005JD006323.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun, J. Q., and J. B. Ahn. 2015. “Dynamical Seasonal Predictability of the Arctic Oscillation Using a CGCM.” International Journal of Climatology 35 (7): 1342–1353. doi:10.1002/joc.4060.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, K. E., R. J. Stouffer, and G. A. Meehl. 2012. “An Overview of CMIP5 and the Experiment Design.” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 93 (4): 485–498. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00094.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson, D. W. J., and J. M. Wallace. 1998. “The Arctic Oscillation Signature in the Wintertime Geopotential Height and Temperature Fields.” Geophysical Research Letters 25 (9): 1297–1300. doi:10.1029/98GL00950.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, H. J., and D. B. Jiang. 2004. “A New East Asian Winter Monsoon Intensity Index and Atmospheric Circulation Comparison between Strong and Weak Composite (In Chinese).” Quaternary Sciences 24 (1): 19–27.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, H. J., and S. P. He. 2012. “Weakening Relationship between East Asian Winter Monsoon and ENSO after Mid-1970s.” Chinese Science Bulletin 57 (27): 3535–3540. doi:10.1007/s11434-012-5285-x.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, L., and M. M. Lu. 2017. “The East Asian Winter Monsoon.” In The Global Monsoon System: Research and Forecast (3rd ed.), 51–61. Singapore: World Scientific.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, L., and W. Chen. 2010a. “Downward Arctic Oscillation Signal Associated with Moderate Weak Stratospheric Polar Vortex and the Cold December 2009.” Geophysical Research Letters 37. doi:10.1029/2010GL042659.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, L., and W. Chen. 2010b. “How Well Do Existing Indices Measure the Strength of the East Asian Winter Monsoon?” Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 27 (4): 855–870. doi:10.1007/s00376-009-9094-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, S. Y., and J. P. Liu. 2016. “Delving into the Relationship between Autumn Arctic Sea Ice and Central-Eastern Eurasian Winter Climate.” Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 9 (5): 366–374. doi:10.1080/16742834.2016.1207482.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe, M., and T. Nitta. 1999. “Decadal Changes in the Atmospheric Circulation and Associated Surface Climate Variations in the Northern Hemisphere Winter.” Journal of Climate 12 (2): 494–510. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012<0494:DCITAC>2.0.CO;2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webster, P. J., and S. Yang. 1992. “Monsoon and ENSO: Selectively Interactive Systems.” Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 118 (507): 877–926. doi:10.1002/(ISSN)1477-870X.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, B. Y., and J. Wang. 2002. “Winter Arctic Oscillation, Siberian High and East Asian Winter Monsoon.” Geophysical Research Letters 29 (19). doi:10.1029/2002GL015373.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, S., K. M. Lau, and K. M. Kim. 2002. “Variations of the East Asian Jet Stream and Asian-Pacific-American Winter Climate Anomalies.” Journal of Climate 15 (3): 306–325. doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<0306:VOTEAJ>2.0.CO;2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, R. H., A. Sumi, and M. Kimoto. 1996. “Impact of El Niño on the East Asian Monsoon: A Diagnostic Study of the ‘86/87 and ‘91/92 Events.” Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 74 (1): 49–62. doi:10.2151/jmsj1965.74.1_49.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, B. T., and H. J. Wang. 2008. “Interdecadal Change in the Connection between Hadley Circulation and Winter Temperature in East Asia.” Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 25 (1): 24–30. doi:10.1007/s00376-008-0024-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, W. 2017. “Impact of Arctic Amplification on East Asian Winter Climate.” Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 10 (5): 385–388. doi:10.1080/16742834.2017.1350093.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu, Y. L., and T. Wang. 2016. “The Relationship between the Arctic Oscillation and ENSO as Simulated by CCSM4.” Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 9 (3): 198–203. doi:10.1080/16742834.2016.1149287.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar