Nanosilver and the microbiological activity of the particulate solids versus the leached soluble silver

References

• Beddow, J., B. Stolpe, P. A. Cole, J. R. Lead, M. Sapp, B. P. Lyons, I. Colbeck, and C. Whitby. 2017. “Nanosilver Inhibits Nitrification and Reduces Ammonia-Oxidising Bacterial but Not Archaeal amoA Gene Abundance in Estuarine Sediments.” Environmental Microbiology 19 (2): 500–510. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.13441.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benn, T., B. Cavanagh, K. Hristovski, J. D. Posner, and P. Westerhoff. 2010. “The Release of Nanosilver from Consumer Products Used in the Home.” Journal of Environmental Quality 39 (6): 1875–1882. doi: 10.2134/jeq2009.0363.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benn, T. M., and P. Westerhoff. 2008. “Nanoparticle Silver Released into Water from Commercially Available Sock Fabrics.” Environmental Science & Technology 42 (11): 4133–4139. doi: 10.1021/es7032718.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolea, E., J. Jiménez-Lamana, F. Laborda, I. Abad-Álvaro, C. Bladé, L. Arola, and J. R. Castillo. 2014. “Detection and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles and Dissolved Species of Silver in Culture Medium and Cells by AsFlFFF-UV-Vis-ICPMS: Application to Nanotoxicity tests.” The Analyst 139 (5): 914–922. doi: 10.1039/C3AN01443F.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bondarenko, O., A. Ivask, A. Käkinen, I. Kurvet, and A. Kahru. 2013. “Particle-Cell Contact Enhances Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles.” PLoS One 8 (5): e64060. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064060.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, J., C. M. Han, and C. H. Yu. 2004. “Change in Silver Metabolism after the Application of Nanometer Silver on Burn Wound.” Chinese Journal of Burns 20: 161–163.
   Google Scholar
• Choi, O., and Z. Hu. 2008. “Size Dependent and Reactive Oxygen Species Related Nanosilver Toxicity to Nitrifying bacteria.” Environmental Science & Technology 42 (12): 4583–4588. doi: 10.1021/es703238h.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Consumer Products Inventory. 2017. Consumer Products Inventory – Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies. http://www.nanotechproject.org/cpi
   Google Scholar
• Das, P., C. J. Williams, R. R. Fulthorpe, M. E. Hoque, C. D. Metcalfe, and M. A. Xenopoulos. 2012. “Changes in Bacterial Community Structure after Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles in Natural Waters.” Environmental Science & Technology 46 (16): 9120–9128. doi: 10.1021/es3019918.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D'Autreaux, B., and M. B. Toledano. 2007. “ROS as Signalling Molecules: Mechanisms That Generate Specificity in ROS Homeostasis.” Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 8: 813–824. doi: 10.1038/nrm2256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deardorff, J. 2014. “Some Antibacterials Come with Worrisome Silver Lining.” Chicago Tribune, February 16. http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2014-02-16/health/ct-nanosilver-met-20140216_1_consumer-products-other-antibiotic-drugs-germs
   Google Scholar
• Donner, E., K. Scheckel, R. Sekine, R. S. Popelka-Filcoff, J. W. Bennett, G. Brunetti, R. Naidu, S. P. McGrath, and E. Lombi. 2015. “Non-Labile Silver Species in Biosolids Remain Stable throughout 50 Years of Weathering and Ageing.” Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) 205: 78–86. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.05.017.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eckhardt, S., P. S. Brunetto, J. Gagnon, M. Priebe, B. Giese, and K. M. Fromm. 2013. “Nanobio Silver: Its Interactions with Peptides and Bacteria, and Its Uses in Medicine.” Chemical Reviews 113 (7): 4708–4754. doi: 10.1021/cr300288v.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faunce, T., and A. Watal. 2010. “Nanosilver and Global Public Health: International Regulatory Issues.” Nanomedicine (London, England) 5 (4): 617–632. doi: 10.2217/nnm.10.33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng, Q. L., J. Wu, G. Q. Chen, F. Z. Cui, T. N. Kim, and J. O. Kim. 2000. “A Mechanistic Study of the Antibacterial Effect of Silver Ions on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.” Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 52 (4): 662–668. doi: 10.1002/1097-4636(20001215)52:4<662::AID-JBM10>3.0.CO;2-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ge, L., Q. Li, M. Wang, J. Ouyang, X. Li, and M. M. Q. Xing. 2014. “Nanosilver Particles in Medical Applications: Synthesis, Performance, and Toxicity.” International Journal of Nanomedicine 9: 2399–2407. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S55015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grigor'eva, A., I. Saranina, N. Tikunova, A. Safonov, N. Timoshenko, A. Rebrov, and E. Ryabchikova. 2013. “Fine Mechanisms of the Interaction of Silver Nanoparticles with the Cells of Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus.” Biometals : An International Journal on the Role of Metal Ions in Biology, Biochemistry, and Medicine 26 (3): 479–488. doi: 10.1007/s10534-013-9633-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunawan, C., C. P. Marquis, R. Amal, G. A. Sotiriou, S. A. Rice, and E. J. Harry. 2017. “Widespread and Indiscriminate Nanosilver Use: Genuine Potential for Microbial Resistance.” ACS Nano 11 (4): 3438–3445. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.7b01166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunawan, C., W. Y. Teoh, C. P. Marquis, and R. Amal. 2011. “ Cytotoxic Origin of Copper(II) Oxide Nanoparticles: Comparative Studies with Micron-Sized Particles, Leachate, and Metal Salts.” ACS Nano 5 (9): 7214–7225. doi: 10.1021/nn2020248.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunawan, C., W. Y. Teoh, C. P. Marquis, and R. Amal. 2013b. “Induced Adaptation of Bacillus sp. to Antimicrobial Nanosilver.” Small(Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany) 9: 3554–3560. doi: 10.1002/smll.201300761.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunawan, C., W. Y. Teoh, C. P. Marquis, J. Lifia, and R. Amal. 2009. “Reversible Antimicrobial Photoswitching in Nanosilver.” Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany) 5 (3): 341–344. doi: 10.1002/smll.200801202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunawan, C., W. Y. Teoh, Ricardo, C. P. Marquis, and R. Amal. 2013a. “Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induce Cell Filamentation in Escherichia coli.” Particle and Particle Systems Characterization 30: 375–380. doi: 10.1002/ppsc.201200152.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hajipour, M. J., K. M. Fromm, A. A. Ashkarran, D. Jimenez de Aberasturi, I. R. de Larramendi, T. Rojo, V. Serpooshan, W. J. Parak, and M. Mahmoudi. 2012. “Antibacterial Properties of Nanoparticles.” Trends in Biotechnology 30 (10): 499–511. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.06.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hwang, E. T., J. H. Lee, Y. J. Chae, Y. S. Kim, B. C. Kim, B.-I. Sang, and M. B. Gu. 2008. “Analysis of the Toxic Mode of Action of Silver Nanoparticles Using Stress-Specific Bioluminescent bacteria.” Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany) 4 (6): 746–750. doi: 10.1002/smll.200700954.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imlay, J., S. Chin, and S. Linn. 1988. “Toxic DNA Damage by Hydrogen Peroxide through the Fenton Reaction in vivo and in vitro.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 240 (4852): 640–642. doi: 10.1126/science.2834821.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imlay, J. A. 2003. “Pathways of Oxidative Damage.” Annual Review of Microbiology 57: 395–418. doi: 10.1146/annurev.micro.57.030502.090938.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivask, A., A. Elbadawy, C. Kaweeteerawat, D. Boren, H. Fischer, Z. Ji, C. H. Chang, R, et al. 2014. “Toxicity Mechanisms in Escherichia coli Vary for Silver Nanoparticles and Differ from Ionic Silver.” ACS Nano 8 (1): 374–386. doi: 10.1021/nn4044047.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohanski, M. A., D. J. Dwyer, B. Hayete, C. A. Lawrence, and J. J. Collins. 2007. “A Common Mechanism of Cellular Death Induced by Bactericidal Antibiotics.” Cell 130 (5): 797–810. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2007.06.049.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lemire, J. A., J. J. Harrison, and R. J. Turner. 2013. “Antimicrobial Activity of Metals: Mechanisms, Molecular Targets and Applications.” Nature Reviews. Microbiology 11 (6): 371–384. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro3028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levard, C., S. Mitra, T. Yang, A. D. Jew, A. R. Badireddy, G. V. Lowry, and G. E. Brown. 2013. “Effect of Chloride on the Dissolution Rate of Silver Nanoparticles and Toxicity to E. coli.” Environmental Science & Technology 47 (11): 5738–5745. doi: 10.1021/es400396f.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, W. R., X. B. Xie, Q. S. Shi, S. S. Duan, Y. S. Ou-Yang, and Y. B. Chen. 2011. “Antibacterial Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Staphylococcus aureus.” Biometals 24 (1): 135–141. doi: 10.1007/s10534-010-9381-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, W. R., X. B. Xie, Q. S. Shi, H. Y. Zeng, Y. S. Ou-Yang, and Y. B. Chen. 2010. “Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Silver Nanoparticles on Escherichia coli.” Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 85 (4): 1115–1122. doi: 10.1007/s00253-009-2159-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, J., Z. Wang, F. D. Liu, A. B. Kane, and R. H. Hurt. 2012. “Chemical Transformations of Nanosilver in Biological Environments.” ACS Nano 6 (11): 9887–9899. doi: 10.1021/nn303449n.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luoma, S. N. 2008. “Silver Nanotechnologies and The Environment: Old Problems or New Challenges?” The PEW Charitable Trusts. https://www.nanotechproject.org/process/assets/files/7036/nano_pen_15_final.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Mirzajani, F., A. Ghassempour, A. Aliahmadi, and M. A. Esmaeili. 2011. “Antibacterial Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Staphylococcus aureus.” Research in Microbiology 162 (5): 542–549. doi: 10.1016/j.resmic.2011.04.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morones, J. R., J. L. Elechiguerra, A. Camacho, K. Holt, J. B. Kouri, J. T. Ramírez, and M. J. Yacaman. 2005. “The Bactericidal Effect of Silver Nanoparticles.” Nanotechnology 16 (10): 2346–2353. doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/16/10/059.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mulley, G., T. A. Jenkins, N. R. Waterfield, and A. C. Marr. 2014. “Inactivation of the Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Properties of Silver Ions by Biologically Relevant Compounds.” PLoS One 9 (4): e94409. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094409.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pal, S., Y. K. Tak, and J. M. Song. 2007. “Does the Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Depend on the Shape of the Nanoparticle? A Study of the Gram-Negative Bacterium Escherichia coli.” Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73 (6): 1712–1720. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02218-06.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Percival, S. L., P. G. Bowler, and D. Russell. 2005. “Bacterial Resistance to Silver in Wound Care.” The Journal of Hospital Infection 60 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2004.11.014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quadros, M. E., R. Pierson, N. S. Tulve, R. Willis, K. Rogers, T. A. Thomas, and L. C. Marr. 2013. “Release of Silver from Nanotechnology-Based Consumer Products for Children.” Environmental Science & Technology 47 (15): 8894–8901. doi: 10.1021/es4015844.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reidy, B., A. Haase, A. Luch, K. A. Dawson, and I. Lynch. 2013. “Mechanisms of Silver Nanoparticle Release, Transformation and Toxicity: A Critical Review of Current Knowledge and Recommendations for Future Studies and Applications.” Materials (Basel, Switzerland) 6 (6): 2295–2350. doi: 10.3390/ma6062295.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silver, S. 2003. “Bacterial Silver Resistance: Molecular Biology and Uses and Misuses of Silver Compounds.” FEMS Microbiology Reviews 27 (2-3): 341–353. doi: 10.1016/S0168-6445(03)00047-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sintubin, L., B. De Gusseme, P. Van der Meeren, B. F. G. Pycke, W. Verstraete, and N. Boon. 2011. “The Antibacterial Activity of Biogenic Silver and Its Mode of Action.” Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 91 (1): 153–162. doi: 10.1007/s00253-011-3225-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solioz, M., and A. Odermatt. 1995. “Copper and Silver Transport by CopB-ATPase in Membrane Vesicles of Enterococcus hirae.” The Journal of Biological Chemistry 270 (16): 9217–9221. doi: 10.1074/jbc.270.16.9217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sondi, I., and B. Salopek-Sondi. 2004. “Silver Nanoparticles as Antimicrobial Agent: A Case Study on E. coli as a Model for Gram-Negative bacteria.” J Colloid Interface Sci 275 (1): 177–182. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.02.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sotiriou, G. A., A. Meyer, J. T. N. Knijnenburg, S. Panke, and S. E. Pratsinis. 2012. “Quantifying the Origin of Released Ag+ Ions from Nanosilver.” Langmuir 28 (45): 15929–15936. doi: 10.1021/la303370d.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sotiriou, G. A., and S. E. Pratsinis. 2010. “Antibacterial Activity of Nanosilver Ions and Particles.” Environmental Science &; Technology 44 (14): 5649–5654. doi: 10.1021/es101072s.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trop, M., M. Novak, S. Rodl, B. Hellbom, W. Kroell, and W. Goessler. 2006. “Silver-Coated Dressing Acticoat Caused Raised Liver Enzymes and Argyria-like Symptoms in Burn Patient.” Journal of Trauma Injury,Infection,and Critical Care 60 (3): 648–652. doi: 10.1097/01.ta.0000208126.22089.b6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Xiu, Z. M., Q. B. Zhang, H. L. Puppala, V. L. Colvin, and P. J. J. Alvarez. 2012. “Negligible Particle-Specific Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles.” Nano Letters 12 (8): 4271–4275. doi: 10.1021/nl301934w.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, F. F., and J. A. Imlay. 2012. “Silver(I), Mercury(II), Cadmium(II), and Zinc(II) Target Exposed Enzymic Iron-Sulfur Clusters When They Toxify Escherichia coli.” Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78 (10): 3614–3621. doi: 10.1128/AEM.07368-11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar