Nanoparticles as a potential teratogen: a lesson learnt from fruit fly

References

• Affleck, J. G., and V. K. Walker. 2008. “A Role for Drosophila in Understanding Drug-Induced Cytotoxicity and Teratogenesis.” Cytotechnology 57 (1): 1–9. doi: 10.1007/s10616-008-9124-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahamed, M., M. Karns, M. Goodson, J. Rowe, S. M. Hussain, J. J. Schlager, and Y. Hong. 2008. “DNA Damage Response to Different Surface Chemistry of Silver Nanoparticles in Mammalian Cells.” Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 233 (3): 404–410. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2008.09.015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahamed, M., R. Posgai, T. J. Gorey, M. Nielsen, S. M. Hussain, and J. J. Rowe. 2010. “Silver Nanoparticles Induced Heat Shock Protein 70, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Drosophila melanogaster.” Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 242 (3): 263–269. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.10.016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahamed, M., M. A. Siddiqui, M. J. Akhtar, I. Ahmad, A. B. Pant, and H. A. Alhadlaq. 2010. “Genotoxic Potential of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles in Human Lung Epithelial Cells.” Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 396 (2): 578–583. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.04.156.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aillon, K. L., Y. Xie, N. El-Gendy, C. J. Berkland, and M. L. Forrest. 2009. “Effects of Nanomaterial Physicochemical Properties on In Vivo Toxicity.” Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 61 (6): 457–466. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2009.03.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aı¨T-Aı¨Ssa, S.,. J.-M. Porcher, A.-P. Arrigo, and C. Lambré, 2000. “Activation of the hsp70 Promoter by Environmental Inorganic and Organic Chemicals: Relationships with Cytotoxicity and Lipophilicity.” Toxicology 145 (2–3): 147–157. doi: 10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00145-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alaraby, M., B. Annangi, A. Hernández, A. Creus, and R. Marcos. 2015. “A Comprehensive Study of the Harmful Effects of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Drosophila melanogaster as an In Vivo Model.” Journal of Hazardous Materials 296:166–174. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.04.053.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alaraby, M., E. Demir, A. Hernández, and R. Marcos. 2015. “Assessing Potential Harmful Effects of CdSe Quantum Dots by Using Drosophila melanogaster as In Vivo Model.” Science of the Total Environment 530–531:66–75. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.069.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alaraby, M., A. Hernández, B. Annangi, E. Demir, J. Bach, L. Rubio, A. Creus, and R. Marcos. 2015. “Antioxidant and Antigenotoxic Properties of CeO2 NPs and Cerium Sulphate: Studies with Drosophila melanogaster as a Promising In Vivo Model.” Nanotoxicology 9 (6): 749–759. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2014.976284.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alaraby, M., A. Hernández, and R. Marcos. 2016. “New Insights in the Acute Toxic/Genotoxic Effects of CuO Nanoparticles in the In Vivo Drosophila Model.” Nanotoxicology 10 (6): 749–760. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1121413.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Almeida, S. F. D., L. M. Rabelo, J. M. D. Souza, R. D. O. Ferreira, A. T. B. Guimarães, C. C. O. Pereira, A. S. D. L. Rodrigues, and G. Malafaia. 2016. “Behavioral Changes in Female Swiss Mice Exposed to Tannery Effluents.” Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 11 (3): 519–534. doi: 10.4136/ambi-agua.1852.
   Google Scholar
• Anand, A. S., D. N. Prasad, S. B. Singh, and E. Kohli. 2017. “Chronic Exposure of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Causes Deviant Phenotype in Drosophila melanogaster.” Journal of Hazardous Materials 327:180–186. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.12.040.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Araj, S.-E. A., N. M. Salem, I. H. Ghabeish, and A. M. Awwad. 2015. “Toxicity of Nanoparticles against Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae).” Journal of Nanomaterials 2015:1. doi: 10.1155/2015/758132.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armstrong, N., M. Ramamoorthy, D. Lyon, K. Jones, and A. Duttaroy. 2013. “Mechanism of Silver Nanoparticles Action on Insect Pigmentation Reveals Intervention of Copper Homeostasis.” PLoS One 8 (1): e53186. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asakura, M., T. Sasaki, T. Sugiyama, M. Takaya, S. Koda, K. Nagano, H. Arito, and S. Fukushima. 2010. “Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity of Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotubes in Cultured Chinese Hamster Lung Cells in Comparison with Chrysotile A Fibers.” Journal of Occupational Health 52 (3): 155–166. doi: 10.1539/joh.L9150.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asharani, P., G. Low Kah Mun, M. P. Hande, and S. Valiyaveettil. 2009. “Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles in Human Cells.” ACS Nano 3 (2): 279–290. doi: 10.1021/nn800596w.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azqueta, A.,. L. Arbillaga, A. López De Cerain, and A. Collins. 2013. “Enhancing the Sensitivity of the Comet Assay as a Genotoxicity Test, by Combining It with Bacterial Repair Enzyme FPG.” Mutagenesis 28 (3): 271–277. doi: 10.1093/mutage/get002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bai, Y., Y. Zhang, J. Zhang, Q. Mu, W. Zhang, E. R. Butch, S. E. Snyder, and B. Yan. 2010. “Repeated Administrations of Carbon Nanotubes in Male Mice Cause Reversible Testis Damage without Affecting Fertility.” Nature Nanotechnology 5 (9): 683–689. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2010.153.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailey, J., A. Oliveri, and E. D. Levin. 2013. “Zebrafish Model Systems for Developmental Neurobehavioral Toxicology.” Birth Defects Research Part C: Embryo Today: Reviews 99 (1): 14–23. doi: 10.1002/bdrc.21027.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Banerjee, S., and C. M. Nimigean. 2011. “Non-Vesicular Transfer of Membrane Proteins from Nanoparticles to Lipid Bilayers.” The Journal of General Physiology 137 (2): 217–223. doi: 10.1085/jgp.201010558.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barandeh, F., P.-L. Nguyen, R. Kumar, G. J. Iacobucci, M. L. Kuznicki, A. Kosterman, E. J. Bergey, P. N. Prasad, and S. Gunawardena. 2012. “Organically Modified Silica Nanoparticles Are Biocompatible and Can Be Targeted to Neurons In Vivo.” PLoS One 7 (1): e29424. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029424.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbero, C. A., and E. I. Yslas. 2017. “Ecotoxicity Effects of Nanomaterials on Aquatic Organisms: Nanotoxicology of Materials on Aquatic Organisms.” Applying Nanotechnology for Environmental Sustainability IGI Global, 330–351. DOI:10.4018/978-1-5225-0585-3.ch014
   Google Scholar
• Bhang, S. H., N. Won, T.-J. Lee, H. Jin, J. Nam, J. Park, H. Chung., et al. 2009. “Hyaluronic Acid-quantum Dot Conjugates for In Vivo Lymphatic Vessel Imaging.” ACS Nano 3 (6): 1389–1398. doi: 10.1021/nn900138d.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bierkens, J. G. 2000. “Applications and Pitfalls of Stress-Proteins in Biomonitoring.” Toxicology 153 (1–3): 61–72. 11090947.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bogomolova, E., N. Adon’eva, A. Alekseev, N. Gruntenko, and I. Y. Rauschenbach. 2009. “Effect of Gonadotropins on Dopamine Metabolism in Mature Drosophila Females.” Doklady Biochemistry and Biophysics 427 (1): 179–181. doi: 10.1134/S1607672909040036.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bokolia, N. P., and M. Mishra. 2015. “Hearing Molecules, Mechanism and Transportation: Modeled in Drosophila melanogaster.” Developmental Neurobiology 75 (2): 109–130. doi: 10.1002/dneu.22221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolzinger, M. A., S. Briançon, and Y. Chevalier. 2011. “Nanoparticles Through the Skin: Managing Conflicting Results of Inorganic and Organic Particles in Cosmetics and Pharmaceutics.” Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology 3 (5): 463–478. doi: 10.1002/wnan.146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bondarenko, O., K. Juganson, A. Ivask, K. Kasemets, M. Mortimer, and A. Kahru. 2013. “Toxicity of Ag, CuO and ZnO Nanoparticles to Selected Environmentally Relevant Test Organisms and Mammalian Cells In Vitro: A Critical Review.” Archives of Toxicology 87:1181–1200. doi: 10.1007/s00204-013-1079-4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boonstra, J., and J. A. Post. 2004. “Molecular Events Associated with Reactive Oxygen Species and Cell Cycle Progression in Mammalian Cells.” Gene 337:1–13. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2004.04.032.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brunetti, V., H. Chibli, R. Fiammengo, A. Galeone, M. A. Malvindi, G. Vecchio, R. Cingolani, J. L. Nadeau, and P. P. Pompa. 2013. “InP/ZnS as a Safer Alternative to CdSe/ZnS Core/Shell Quantum Dots: In Vitro and In Vivo Toxicity Assessment.” Nanoscale 5 (1): 307–317. doi: 10.1039/C2NR33024E.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buchon, N., N. Silverman, and S. Cherry. 2014. “Immunity in Drosophila melanogaster—from microbial recognition to whole-organism physiology.” Nature Reviews Immunology 14 (12): 796. doi: 10.1038/nri3763.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campos-Ortega, J. A., and V. Hartenstein. 2013. The Embryonic Development of Drosophila melanogaster. Switzerland: Springer Science & Business Media.
   Google Scholar
• Carmona, E. R., B. Escobar, G. Vales, and R. Marcos. 2015. “Genotoxic Testing of Titanium Dioxide Anatase Nanoparticles Using the Wing-Spot Test and the Comet Assay in Drosophila.” Mutation Research – Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 778:12–21. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.12.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carmona, E. R., C. Inostroza-Blancheteau, V. Obando, L. Rubio, and R. Marcos. 2015. “Genotoxicity of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles in Drosophila melanogaster.” Mutation Research - Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 791:1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.07.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carroll, S. B. 2005. “Evolution at Two Levels: On Genes and form.” PLoS Biology 3 (7): e245. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0030245.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charroux, B., and J. Royet. 2012. “Gut-Microbiota Interactions in Non-mammals: What Can We Learn from Drosophila?” Seminars in Immunology 24 (1): 17–24. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2011.11.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatterjee, N., H. J. Eom, and J. Choi. 2014. “Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Oxidative DNA Damage–Repair as a Function of p38 MAPK Status: A Comparative Approach Using Human Jurkat T Cells and the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.” Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 55 (2): 122–133. doi: 10.1002/em.21844.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatterjee, N., J. Yang, H.-M. Kim, E. Jo, P.-J. Kim, K. Choi, and J. Choi. 2014. “Potential Toxicity of Differential Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) in Human Cell Line (BEAS2B) and Caenorhabditis elegans.” Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 77 (22–24): 1399–1408. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2014.951756.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, H., B. Wang, W. Feng, W. Du, H. Ouyang, Z. Chai, and X. Bi. 2015. “Oral Magnetite Nanoparticles Disturb the Development of Drosophila melanogaster from Oogenesis to Adult Emergence.” Nanotoxicology 9 (3): 302–312. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2014.929189.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, X., and H. Schluesener. 2008. “Nanosilver: A Nanoproduct in Medical Application.” Toxicology Letters 176 (1): 1–12. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.10.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng, L.-C., X. Jiang, J. Wang, C. Chen, and R.-S. Liu. 2013. “Nano-bio Effects: Interaction of Nanomaterials with Cells.” Nanoscale 5 (9): 3547–3569. doi: 10.1039/c3nr34276j.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chifiriuc, M. C., A. C. Ratiu, M. Popa, and A. A. Ecovoiu. 2016. “Drosophotoxicology: An Emerging Research Area for Assessing Nanoparticles Interaction with Living Organisms.” International Journal of Molecular Sciences 17 (2): 36. doi: 10.3390/ijms17020036.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chu, M., Q. Wu, H. Yang, R. Yuan, S. Hou, Y. Yang, Y. Zou, et al. 2010. “Transfer of Quantum Dots from Pregnant Mice to Pups across the Placental Barrier.” Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany) 6 (5): 670–678. doi: 10.1002/smll.200902049.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coll, C. S. P., C. Pabón-Reyes, J. M. Meichtry, and M. I. Litter. 2018. “Monitoring of Toxicity of as (V) Solutions by AMPHITOX Test without and with Treatment with Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles.” Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 60:138–145. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.04.018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colombo, A., M. Saibene, E. Moschini, P. Bonfanti, M. Collini, K. Kasemets, and P. Mantecca. 2017. “Teratogenic Hazard of BPEI-Coated Silver Nanoparticles to Xenopus laevis.” Nanotoxicology 11 (3): 405–418. doi: 10.1080/17435390.2017.1309703.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Contreras, E. Q., M. Cho, H. Zhu, H. L. Puppala, G. Escalera, W. Zhong, and V. L. Colvin. 2013. “Toxicity of Quantum Dots and Cadmium Salt to Caenorhabditis elegans after Multigenerational Exposure.” Environmental Science and Technology 47 (2): 1148–1154. doi: 10.1021/es3036785.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coyle, I., M. Wayner, and G. Singer. 1976. “Behavioral Teratogenesis: A Critical Evaluation.” Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 4 (2): 191–200. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(76)90014-9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Andrade, L. R., A. S. Brito, A. M. G. De Souza Melero, H. Zanin, H. J. Ceragioli, V. Baranauskas, K. S. Cunha, and S. P. Irazusta. 2014. “Absence of Mutagenic and Recombinagenic Activity of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in the Drosophila Wing-Spot Test and Allium Cepa Test.” Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 99:92–97. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.10.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Celis, J. F. 2003. “Pattern Formation in the Drosophila Wing: The Development of the Veins.” Bioessays: News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology 25 (5): 443–451. doi: 10.1002/bies.10258.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Melo Reis, É., A. A. A. De Rezende, D. V. Santos, P. F. De Oliveria, H. D. Nicolella, D. C. Tavares, A. C. A. Silva, N. O. Dantas, and M. A. Spanó. 2015. “Assessment of the Genotoxic Potential of Two Zinc Oxide Sources (amorphous and Nanoparticles) Using the In Vitro Micronucleus Test and the In Vivo Wing Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test.” Food and Chemical Toxicology 84:55–63. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.07.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dedeh, A., A. Ciutat, M. Treguer-Delapierre, and J.-P. Bourdineaud. 2015. “Impact of Gold Nanoparticles on Zebrafish Exposed to a Spiked Sediment.” Nanotoxicology 9 (1): 71–80. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2014.889238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demir, E., S. Aksakal, F. Turna, B. Kaya, and R. Marcos. 2015. “In Vivo Genotoxic Effects of Four Different Nano-Sizes Forms of Silica Nanoparticles in Drosophila melanogaster.” Journal of Hazardous Materials 283:260–266. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.09.029.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demir, E., F. Turna, G. Vales, B. Kaya, A. Creus, and R. Marcos. 2013. “In Vivo Genotoxicity Assessment of Titanium, Zirconium and Aluminium Nanoparticles, and Their Microparticulated Forms, in Drosophila.” Chemosphere 93 (10): 2304–2310. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demir, E., G. Vales, B. Kaya, A. Creus, and R. Marcos. 2011. “Genotoxic Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles in Drosophila.” Nanotoxicology 5 (3): 417–424. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2010.529176.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denman, C. J., J. Mccracken, V. Hariharan, J. Klarquist, K. Oyarbide-Valencia, J. A. Guevara-Patiño, and I. C. Le Poole. 2008. “HSP70i Accelerates Depigmentation in a Mouse Model of Autoimmune Vitiligo.” Journal of Investigative Dermatology 128 (8): 2041–2048. doi: 10.1038/jid.2008.45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desai, M. P., V. Labhasetwar, G. L. Amidon, and R. J. Levy. 1996. “Gastrointestinal Uptake of Biodegradable Microparticles: Effect of Particle Size.” Pharmaceutical Research 13 (12): 1838–1845. doi: 10.1023/A:1016085108889.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhar, S., W. L. Daniel, D. A. Giljohann, C. A. Mirkin, and S. J. Lippard. 2010. “Polyvalent Oligonucleotide Gold Nanoparticle Conjugates as Delivery Vehicles for Platinum (IV) Warheads.” Journal of the American Chemical Society 132 (8): 2845. doi: 10.1021/ja100560g.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobrovolskaia, M. A., and S. E. Mcneil. 2007. “Immunological Properties of Engineered Nanomaterials.” Nature Nanotechnology 2 (8): 469–478. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2007.223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drapeau, M. D., A. Radovic, P. J. Wittkopp, and A. D. Long. 2003. “A Gene Necessary for Normal Male Courtship, Yellow, Acts Downstream of Fruitless in the Drosophila melanogaster Larval Brain.” Journal of Neurobiology 55 (1): 53–72. doi: 10.1002/neu.10196.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dreher, K. L. 2003. “Health and Environmental Impact of Nanotechnology: Toxicological Assessment of Manufactured Nanoparticles.” Toxicological Sciences 77 (1): 3–5. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfh041.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dykman, L., and N. Khlebtsov. 2011. “Gold Nanoparticles in Biology and Medicine: Recent Advances and Prospects.” Acta Naturae 3 (2): 34–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eaton, S., R. Wepf, and K. Simons. 1996. “Roles for Rac1 and Cdc42 in Planar Polarization and Hair Outgrowth in the Wing of Drosophila.” The Journal of Cell Biology 135 (5): 1277–1289. 8947551.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eldridge, J. H., C. J. Hammond, J. A. Meulbroek, J. K. Staas, R. M. Gilley, and T. R. Tice. 1990. “Controlled Vaccine Release in the Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissues. I. Orally Administered Biodegradable Microspheres Target the Peyer’s Patches.” Journal of Controlled Release 11 (1–3): 205–214. doi: 10.1016/0168-3659(90)90133-E.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans, S.-A., A. Al-Mosawi, R. A. Adams, and K. A. Bérubé. 2006. “Inflammation, Edema, and Peripheral Blood Changes in Lung-Compromised Rats after Instillation with Combustion-Derived and Manufactured Nanoparticles.” Experimental Lung Research 32 (8): 363–378. doi: 10.1080/01902140600959671.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fristrom, D., M. Wilcox, and J. Fristrom. 1993. “The Distribution of PS Integrins, Laminin a and F-Actin during Key Stages in Drosophila Wing Development.” Development (Cambridge, England) 117 (2): 509–523. 8330522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furman, D., and T. Bukharina. 2007. “Genetic Control of Bristle Pattern Formation in Drosophila melanogaster.” Doklady Biological Sciences 417 (1): 484–486. doi: 10.1134/S001249660706021X.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Galeone, A., G. Vecchio, M. Malvindi, V. Brunetti, R. Cingolani, and P. Pompa. 2012. “In Vivo Assessment of CdSe-ZnS Quantum Dots: Coating Dependent Bioaccumulation and Genotoxicity.” Nanoscale 4 (20): 6401–6407. doi: 10.1039/c2nr31826a.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galván, I., and C. Alonso-Alvarez. 2009. “The Expression of Melanin-Based Plumage Is Separately Modulated by Exogenous Oxidative Stress and a Melanocortin.” Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences: rspb20090774 276:3089–3097.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geldenhuys, W., T. Mbimba, T. Bui, K. Harrison, and V. Sutariya. 2011. “Brain-Targeted Delivery of Paclitaxel Using Glutathione-Coated Nanoparticles for Brain Cancers.” Journal of Drug Targeting 19 (9): 837–845. doi: 10.3109/1061186X.2011.589435.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Georgiev, P., and T. Gerasimova. 1992. “Genes Involved in the Development of Bristles and Hairs in Drosophila melanogaster.” Genetica 87 (1): 31–35. 1334026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerdes, M., C. Solot, P. P. Wang, E. Moss, D. LaRossa, P. Randall, E. Goldmuntz., et al. 1999. “Cognitive and Behavior Profile of Preschool Children with Chromosome 22q11. 2 Deletion.” American Journal of Medical Genetics 85 (2): 127–133. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19990716)85:2 < 127::AID-AJMG6 > 3.0.CO;2-F.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gervais, L., G. Lebreton, and J. Casanova. 2012. “The Making of a Fusion Branch in the Drosophila Trachea.” Developmental Biology 362 (2): 187–193. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.11.018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glassman, S. J. 2011. “Vitiligo, Reactive Oxygen Species and T-Cells.” Clinical Science 120 (3): 99–120. doi: 10.1042/CS20090603.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorth, D. J., D. M. Rand, and T. J. Webster. 2011. “Silver Nanoparticle Toxicity in Drosophila: size Does Matter.” International Journal of Nanomedicine 6:343. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S16881. Epub 2011 Feb 11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graf, U., F. Würgler, A. Katz, H. Frei, H. Juon, C. Hall, and P. Kale. 1984. “Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test in Drosophila melanogaster.” Environmental Mutagenesis 6 (2): 153–188. doi: 10.1002/em.2860060206.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grassian, V. H., A. Adamcakova-Dodd, J. M. Pettibone, P. I. O'shaughnessy, and P. S. Thorne. 2007. “Inflammatory Response of Mice to Manufactured Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: comparison of Size Effects through Different Exposure Routes.” Nanotoxicology 1 (3): 211–226. doi: 10.1080/17435390701694295.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green, M., and E. Howman. 2005. “Semiconductor Quantum Dots and Free Radical Induced DNA Nicking.” Chemical Communications 0 (1): 121–123. doi: 10.1039/b413175d.
   Google Scholar
• Gruntenko, N., M. Bownes, J. Terashima, M. Z. Sukhanova, and I. Y. Raushenbach. 2003. “Heat Stress Affects Oogenesis Differently in Wild‐Type Drosophila Virilis and a Mutant with Altered Juvenile Hormone and 20‐Hydroxyecdysone Levels.” Insect Molecular Biology 12 (4): 393–404. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2583.2003.00424.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruntenko, N., E. Karpova, N. Adonyeva, N. Chentsova, N. Faddeeva, A. Alekseev, and I. Y. Rauschenbach. 2005. “Juvenile Hormone, 20-Hydroxyecdysone and Dopamine Interaction in Drosophila Virilis Reproduction under Normal and Nutritional Stress Conditions.” Journal of Insect Physiology 51 (4): 417–425. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2005.01.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruntenko, N., E. Karpova, A. Alekseev, N. Chentsova, E. Bogomolova, M. Bownes, and I. Y. Rauschenbach. 2007. “Effects of Octopamine on Reproduction, Juvenile Hormone Metabolism, Dopamine, and 20‐Hydroxyecdysone Contents in Drosophila.” Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 65 (2): 85–94. doi: 10.1002/arch.20187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruntenko, N., E. Karpova, N. Chentsova, N. Adonyeva, and I. Y. Rauschenbach. 2009. “20‐Hydroxyecdysone and Juvenile Hormone Influence Tyrosine Hydroxylase Activity in Drosophila Females under Normal and Heat Stress Conditions.” Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 72 (4): 263–272. doi: 10.1002/arch.20337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruntenko, N., and I. Y. Rauschenbach. 2008. “Interplay of JH, 20E and Biogenic Amines under Normal and Stress Conditions and Its Effect on Reproduction.” Journal of Insect Physiology 54 (6): 902–908. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2008.04.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hackenberg, S., F. Z. Zimmermann, A. Scherzed, G. Friehs, K. Froelich, C. Ginzkey, C. Koehler, M. Burghartz, R. Hagen, and N. Kleinsasser. 2011. “Repetitive Exposure to Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induces DNA Damage in Human Nasal Mucosa Mini Organ Cultures.” Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 52:582–589.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hajipour, M. J., K. M. Fromm, A. A. Ashkarran, D. J. De Aberasturi, I. R. De Larramendi, T. Rojo, V. Serpooshan, W. J. Parak, and M. Mahmoudi. 2012. “Antibacterial Properties of Nanoparticles.” Trends in Biotechnology 30 (10): 499–511. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.06.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halliwell, B., and S. Chirico. 1993. “Lipid Peroxidation: its Mechanism, Measurement, and Significance.” The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 57 (5 Suppl): 715S–724S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/57.5.715S.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han, X., B. Geller, K. Moniz, P. Das, A. K. Chippindale, and V. K. Walker. 2014. “Monitoring the Developmental Impact of Copper and Silver Nanoparticle Exposure in Drosophila and Their Microbiomes.” Science of the Total Environment 487:822–829. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haney, M. J., Y. Zhao, S. Li, S. M. Higginbotham, S. L. Booth, H.-Y. Han, J. A. Vetro., et al. 2011. “Cell-Mediated Transfer of Catalase Nanoparticles from Macrophages to Brain Endothelial, Glial and Neuronal Cells.” Nanomedicine 6 (7): 1215–1230. doi: 10.2217/nnm.11.32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkins, A. D., C. Thornton, A. J. Kennedy, K. Bu, J. Cizdziel, B. W. Jones, J. A. Steevens, and K. L. Willett. 2015. “Gill Histopathologies following Exposure to Nanosilver or Silver Nitrate.” Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 78 (5): 301–315. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2014.971386.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayakawa, T., Y. Shitomi, K. Miyamoto, and H. Hori. 2004. “GalNAc Pretreatment Inhibits Trapping of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac on the Peritrophic Membrane of Bombyx mori.” FEBS Letters 576 (3): 331–335. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.09.029.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, X., W. G. Aker, and H.-M. Hwang. 2014. “An In Vivo Study on the Photo-Enhanced Toxicities of S-Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles to Zebrafish Embryos (Danio rerio) in Terms of Malformation, Mortality, Rheotaxis Dysfunction, and DNA Damage.” Nanotoxicology 8 (sup1): 185–195. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2013.874050.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hegedus, D., M. Erlandson, C. Gillott, and U. Toprak. 2009. “New Insights into Peritrophic Matrix Synthesis, Architecture, and Function.” Annual Review of Entomology 54 (1): 285–302. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ento.54.110807.090559.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heymann, N., and F.-O. Lehmann. 2006. “The Significance of Spiracle Conductance and Spatial Arrangement for Flight Muscle Function and Aerodynamic Performance in Flying Drosophila.” The Journal of Experimental Biology 209 (9): 1662–1677. doi: 10.1242/jeb.02203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirano, S. 2009. “A Current Overview of Health Effect Research on Nanoparticles.” Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 14 (4): 223–225. doi: 10.1007/s12199-008-0064-7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hirashima, A., I. Y. Rauschenbach, and M. J. Sukhanova. 2000. “Ecdysteroids in Stress Responsive and Nonresponsive Drosophila virilis Lines under Stress Conditions.” Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 64 (12): 2657–2662. doi: 10.1271/bbb.64.2657.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Homa, S., J. Carroll, and K. Swann. 1993. “Fertilization and Early Embryology: The Role of Calcium in Mammalian Oocyte Maturation and Egg Activation.” Human Reproduction 8 (8): 1274–1281. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138240.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horowitz, A., and M. Simons. 2008. “Branching Morphogenesis.” Circulation Research 103 (8): 784–795. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.108.181818.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu, T., and R. A. Schulz. 2000. “Sequence and Functional Properties of Ets Genes in the Model Organism Drosophila.” Oncogene 19 (55): 6409–6416. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, X., S. Cook, P. Wang, and H.-M. Hwang. 2009. “In Vitro Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Engineered Metal Oxide Nanoparticles.” Science of the Total Environment 407 (8): 3070–3072. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.01.033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, N., Y. Yan, Y. Xu, Y. Jin, J. Lei, X. Zou, D. Ran, H. Zhang, S. Luan, and H. Gu. 2013. “Alumina Nanoparticles Alter Rhythmic Activities of Local Interneurons in the Antennal Lobe of Drosophila.” Nanotoxicology 7 (2): 212–220. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2011.648668.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hübner, C. A., and T. J. Jentsch. 2002. “Ion Channel Diseases.” Human Molecular Genetics 11 (20): 2435–2445. 12351579.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunt, P. R., B. J. Marquis, K. M. Tyner, S. Conklin, N. Olejnik, B. C. Nelson, and R. L. Sprando. 2013. “Nanosilver Suppresses Growth and Induces Oxidative Damage to DNA in Caenorhabditis elegans.” Journal of Applied Toxicology 33 (10): 1131–1142. doi: 10.1002/jat.2872.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibarra, L. E., S. Bongiovanni, C. A. Barbero, V. A. Rivarola, M. L. Bertuzzi, and E. I. Yslas. 2016. “The Chronic Toxicity of Pani-Nps to the Larvae Stage of Rhinella arenarum.” Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 16 (8): 7983–7988. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2016.12761.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaenike, J. 1982. “Environmental Modification of Oviposition Behavior in Drosophila.” The American Naturalist 119 (6): 784–802. doi: 10.1086/283955.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, S., C. P. Teng, W. C. Puah, M. Wasser, K. Y. Win, and M.-Y. Han. 2015. “Oral Administration and Selective Uptake of Polymeric Nanoparticles in Drosophila larvae as an In Vivo Model.” ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering 1 (11): 1077–1084. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00163.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jing, X.-H., L. Yang, X.-J. Duan, B. Xie, W. Chen, Z. Li, and H.-B. Tan. 2008. “In Vivo MR Imaging Tracking of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Labeled, Engineered, Autologous Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells following Intra-Articular Injection.” Joint Bone Spine 75 (4): 432–438. doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2007.09.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joshi, A., S. Chandrashekaran, and R. Sharma. 2005. “Mutants Dissecting Development and Behaviour in Drosophila.” Current Science 89(2):341–352.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jovanović, B., V. J. Cvetković, and T. L. Mitrović. 2016. “Effects of Human Food Grade Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Dietary Exposure on Drosophila melanogaster Survival, Fecundity, Pupation and Expression of Antioxidant Genes.” Chemosphere 144:43–49. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.054.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kain, J., H. Karlsson, and L. Möller. 2012. “DNA Damage Induced by Micro- and Nanoparticles—Interaction with FPG Influences the Detection of DNA Oxidation in the Comet Assay.” Mutagenesis 27 (4): 491–500. doi: 10.1093/mutage/ges010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalyanaraman, B., V. Darley-Usmar, K. J. A. Davies, P. A. Dennery, H. J. Forman, M. B. Grisham, G. E. Mann, K. Moore, L. J. Roberts, and H. Ischiropoulos. 2012. “Measuring Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species with Fluorescent Probes: Challenges and Limitations.” Free Radical Biology and Medicine 52 (1): 1–6. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.030.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kambe, T., B. P. Weaver, and G. K. Andrews. 2008. “The Genetics of Essential Metal Homeostasis during Development.” Genesis 46 (4): 214–228. doi: 10.1002/dvg.20382.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kermanizadeh, A., I. Gosens, L. MacCalman, H. Johnston, P. H. Danielsen, N. R. Jacobsen, A.-G. Lenz., et al. 2016. “A Multilaboratory Toxicological Assessment of a Panel of 10 Engineered Nanomaterials to Human Health—ENPRA Project—the Highlights, Limitations, and Current and Future Challenges.” Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B 19 (1): 1–28. doi: 10.1080/10937404.2015.1126210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Key, S. C. S., D. Reaves, F. Turner, and J. J. Bang. 2011. “Impacts of Silver Nanoparticle Ingestion on Pigmentation and Developmental Progression in Drosophila.” Atlas Journal of Biology 1 (3): 52–61. doi: 10.5147/ajb.2011.0048.
   Google Scholar
• Khurana, V., Y. Lu, M. L. Steinhilb, S. Oldham, J. M. Shulman, and M. B. Feany. 2006. “TOR-Mediated Cell-Cycle Activation Causes Neurodegeneration in a Drosophila Tauopathy Model.” Current Biology 16 (3): 230–241. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2005.12.042.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klyachko, N. L., D. S. Manickam, A. M. Brynskikh, S. V. Uglanova, S. Li, S. M. Higginbotham, T. K. Bronich, E. V. Batrakova, and A. V. Kabanov. 2012. “Cross-Linked Antioxidant Nanozymes for Improved Delivery to CNS.” Nanomedicine 8 (1): 119–129. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2011.05.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koh, K.,. J. M. Evans, J. C. Hendricks, and A. Sehgal. 2006. “A Drosophila Model for Age-Associated Changes in Sleep: Wake Cycles.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103 (37): 13843–13847. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0605903103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohen, R., and A. Nyska. 2002. “Invited Review: Oxidation of Biological Systems: oxidative Stress Phenomena, Antioxidants, Redox Reactions, and Methods for Their Quantification.” Toxicologic Pathology 30 (6): 620–650. doi: 10.1080/01926230290166724.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwon, H. B., J. H. Lee, S. H. Lee, A. Y. Lee, J. S. Choi, and Y. S. Ahn. 2009. “A Case of Argyria following Colloidal Silver Ingestion.” Annals of Dermatology 21 (3): 308–310. doi: 10.5021/ad.2009.21.3.308.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lajmanovich, R. C., P. M. Peltzer, C. S. Martinuzzi, A. M. Attademo, C. L. Colussi, and A. Bassó. 2018. “Acute Toxicity of Colloidal Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles on Amphibian Larvae: Emerging Environmental Concern.” International Journal of Environmental Research 12 (3): 269–278. doi: 10.1007/s41742-018-0089-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leeuw, T. K., R. M. Reith, R. A. Simonette, M. E. Harden, P. Cherukuri, D. A. Tsyboulski, K. M. Beckingham, and R. B. Weisman. 2007. “Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in the Intact Organism: Near-IR Imaging and Biocompatibility Studies in Drosophila.” Nano Letters 7 (9): 2650–2654. doi: 10.1021/nl0710452.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehmann, F.-O. 2001. “Matching Spiracle Opening to Metabolic Need during Flight in Drosophila.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 294 (5548): 1926–1929. doi: 10.1126/science.1064821.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, G.-Y., and N. N. Osborne. 2008. “Oxidative-Induced Apoptosis to an Immortalized Ganglion Cell Line Is Caspase Independent but Involves the Activation of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase and Apoptosis-Inducing Factor.” Brain Research 1188:35–43. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.10.073.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin, W., Y.-W. Huang, X.-D. Zhou, and Y. Ma. 2006. “In Vitro Toxicity of Silica Nanoparticles in Human Lung Cancer Cells.” Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 217 (3): 252–259. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2006.10.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindquist, S. 1986. “The Heat-Shock Response.” Annual Review of Biochemistry 55:1151–1191. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.55.070186.005443.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, B., E. M. Campo, and T. Bossing. 2014. “Drosophila Embryos as Model to Assess Cellular and Developmental Toxicity of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) in Living Organisms.” PLoS One 9 (2): e88681. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088681.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, X., D. Vinson, D. Abt, R. H. Hurt, and D. M. Rand. 2009. “Differential Toxicity of Carbon Nanomaterials in Drosophila: larval Dietary Uptake Is Benign, but Adult Exposure Causes Locomotor Impairment and Mortality.” Environmental Science and Technology 43 (16): 6357–6363. doi: 10.1021/es901079z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, Z., G. Ren, T. Zhang, and Z. Yang. 2009. “Action Potential Changes Associated with the Inhibitory Effects on Voltage-Gated Sodium Current of Hippocampal CA1 Neurons by Silver Nanoparticles.” Toxicology 264 (3): 179–184. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.08.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Long, T. C., N. Saleh, R. D. Tilton, G. V. Lowry, and B. Veronesi. 2006. “Titanium Dioxide (P25) Produces Reactive Oxygen Species in Immortalized Brain Microglia (BV2): Implications for Nanoparticle Neurotoxicity.” Environmental Science and Technology 40 (14): 4346–4352. doi: 10.1021/es060589n.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Love, S. A., M. A. Maurer-Jones, J. W. Thompson, Y.-S. Lin, and C. L. Haynes. 2012. “Assessing Nanoparticle Toxicity.” Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry 5 (1): 181–205. doi: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-062011-143134.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lozinsky, O. V., O. V. Lushchak, J. M. Storey, K. B. Storey, and V. I. Lushchak. 2012. “Sodium Nitroprusside Toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster: delayed Pupation, Reduced Adult Emergence, and Induced Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress in Eclosed Flies.” Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 80 (3): 166–185. doi: 10.1002/arch.21033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lozinsky, O. V., V. Lushchak, N. I. Kryshchuk, N. Y. Shchypanska, A. H. Riabkina, S. V. Skarbek, I. V. Maksymiv, J. M. Storey, K. B. Storey, and V. I. Lushchak. 2013. “S-Nitrosoglutathione-Induced Toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster: delayed Pupation and Induced Mild Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress in Eclosed Flies.” Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology 164 (1): 162–170. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.08.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lucchetta, E. M., and B. Ohlstein. 2012. “The Drosophila Midgut: A Model for Stem Cell Driven Tissue Regeneration.” Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology 1 (5): 781–788. doi: 10.1002/wdev.51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Machado, N., J. Lopes, R. Saturnino, E. Fagan, and J. Nepomuceno. 2013. “Lack of Mutagenic Effect by Multi-Walled Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes in the Somatic Cells of Drosophila melanogaster.” Food and Chemical Toxicology 62:355–360. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.08.051.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maeda, Y. 1970. “Influence of Ionic Conditions on Cell Differentiation and Morphogenesis of the Cellular Slime Molds.” Development, Growth and Differentiation 12 (3): 217–227. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-169X.1970.00217.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magdolenova, Z., A. Collins, A. Kumar, A. Dhawan, V. Stone, and M. Dusinska. 2014. “Mechanisms of Genotoxicity. A Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies with Engineered Nanoparticles.” Nanotoxicology 8 (3): 233–278. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2013.773464.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandilaras, K., T. Pathmanathan, and F. Missirlis. 2013. “Iron Absorption in Drosophila melanogaster.” Nutrients 5 (5): 1622–1647. doi: 10.3390/nu5051622.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mcbride, W. G. 1961. “Thalidomide and Congenital Abnormalities.” Lancet 278 (7216): 1358. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(61)90927-8.
   Google Scholar
• Medzhitov, R., P. Preston-Hurlburt, and C. A. Janeway. 1997. “A Human Homologue of the Drosophila Toll Protein Signals Activation of Adaptive Immunity.” Nature 388 (6640): 394–397. doi: 10.1038/41131.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer, D., and P. L. Williams. 2014. “Toxicity Testing of Neurotoxic Pesticides in Caenorhabditis elegans.” Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B 17 (5): 284–306. doi: 10.1080/10937404.2014.933722.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mishra, M., and B. K. Barik. 2018. Behavioral Teratogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. Teratogenicity Testing, 277–298. Methods in molecular biology series, Springer Nature, Switzerland AG.
   Google Scholar
• Mishra, M.,. D. Sabat, B. Ekka, S. Sahu, P. Unnikannan, and P. Dash. 2017. “Oral Intake of Zirconia Nanoparticle Alters Neuronal Development and Behaviour of Drosophila melanogaster.” Journal of Nanoparticle Research 19:282. doi: 10.1007/s11051-017-3971-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mocan, T., S. Clichici, L. Agoşton-Coldea, L. Mocan, Ş. Şimon, I. Ilie, A. Biriş, and A. Mureşan. 2010. “Implications of Oxidative Stress Mechanisms in Toxicity of Nanoparticles.” Acta Physiologica Hungarica 97 (3): 247–255. doi: 10.1556/APhysiol.97.2010.3.1.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Monteiller, C., L. Tran, W. Macnee, S. Faux, A. Jones, B. Miller, and K. Donaldson. 2007. “The Pro-Inflammatory Effects of Low-Toxicity Low-Solubility Particles, Nanoparticles and Fine Particles, on Epithelial Cells in Vitro: The Role of Surface Area.” Occupational and Environmental Medicine 64 (9): 609–615. doi: 10.1136/oem.2005.024802.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore, M. S., J. Dezazzo, A. Y. Luk, T. Tully, C. M. Singh, and U. Heberlein. 1998. “Ethanol Intoxication in Drosophila: Genetic and Pharmacological Evidence for Regulation by the cAMP Signaling Pathway.” Cell 93 (6): 997–1007. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81205-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgen, M.,. G. W. Lu, D. Du, R. Stehle, F. Lembke, J. Cervantes, S. Ciotti, R. Haskell, D. Smithey, and K. Haley. 2011. “Targeted Delivery of a Poorly Water-Soluble Compound to Hair Follicles Using Polymeric Nanoparticle Suspensions.” International Journal of Pharmaceutics 416:314–322. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.06.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mortensen, L. J., G. Oberdörster, A. P. Pentland, and L. A. Delouise. 2008. “In Vivo Skin Penetration of Quantum Dot Nanoparticles in the Murine Model: The Effect of UVR.” Nano Letters 8 (9): 2779–2787. doi: 10.1021/nl801323y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mukhopadhyay, I., D. K. Saxena, and D. K. Chowdhuri. 2003. “Hazardous Effects of Effluent from the Chrome Plating Industry: 70 kDa Heat Shock Protein Expression as a Marker of Cellular Damage in Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster (hsp70-lacZ).” Environmental Health Perspectives 111 (16): 1926. doi: 10.1289/ehp.6339.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray, C. B., C. Kagan, and M. Bawendi. 2000. “Synthesis and Characterization of Monodisperse Nanocrystals and Close-Packed Nanocrystal Assemblies.” Annual Review of Materials Science 30 (1): 545–610. doi: 10.1146/annurev.matsci.30.1.545.
   Google Scholar
• Murugadas, A., M. Zeeshan, K. Thamaraiselvi, S. Ghaskadbi, and M. A. Akbarsha. 2016. “Hydra as a Model Organism to Decipher the Toxic Effects of Copper Oxide Nanorod: Eco-Toxicogenomics Approach.” Scientific Reports 6:29663.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Napierska, D., Thomassen, L. C. Rabolli, V. Lison, D. Gonzalez, L. Kirsch‐Volders, M. Martens J. A. and Hoet, P. H. 2009. “Size‐Dependent Cytotoxicity of Monodisperse Silica Nanoparticles in Human Endothelial Cells.” Small 5 (7): 846–853. doi: 10.1002/smll.200800461.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neckameyer, W., J. O'donnell, Z. Huang, and W. Stark. 2001. “Dopamine and Sensory Tissue Development in Drosophila melanogaster.” Journal of Neurobiology 47 (4): 280–294. doi: 10.1002/neu.1035.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Neckameyer, W. S., and J. S. Weinstein. 2005. “Stress Affects Dopaminergic Signaling Pathways in Drosophila melanogaster.” Stress 8 (2): 117–131. doi: 10.1080/10253890500147381.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nel, A., T. Xia, L. Mädler, and N. Li. 2006. “Toxic Potential of Materials at the Nanolevel.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 311 (5761): 622–627. doi: 10.1126/science.1114397.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nichols, C. D., J. Becnel, and U. B. Pandey. 2012. “Methods to Assay Drosophila Behavior.” Journal of Visualized Experiments 61:3795. doi: 10.3791/3795.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Oh, S. W., A. Mukhopadhyay, N. Svrzikapa, F. Jiang, R. J. Davis, and H. A. Tissenbaum. 2005. “JNK Regulates Lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans by Modulating Nuclear Translocation of Forkhead Transcription Factor/DAF-16.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102 (12): 4494–4499. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0500749102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panacek, A., R. Prucek, D. Safarova, M. Dittrich, J. Richtrova, K. Benickova, R. Zboril, and L. Kvitek. 2011. “Acute and Chronic Toxicity Effects of Silver Nanoparticles (NPs) on Drosophila melanogaster.” Environmental Science and Technology 45 (11): 4974–4979. doi: 10.1021/es104216b.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pandey, A., S. Chandra, L. K. S. Chauhan, G. Narayan, and D. K. Chowdhuri. 2013. “Cellular Internalization and Stress Response of Ingested Amorphous Silica Nanoparticles in the Midgut of Drosophila melanogaster.” Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1830 (1): 2256–22566. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.10.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pandey, U. B., and C. D. Nichols. 2011a. “Human Disease Models in Drosophila melanogaster and the Role of the Fly in Therapeutic Drug Discovery.” Pharmacological Reviews 63 (2): 411–436. doi: 10.1124/pr.110.003293.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pandey, U. B., and C. D. Nichols. 2011b. “Human Disease Models in Drosophila melanogaster and the Role of the Fly in Therapeutic Drug Discovery.” Pharmacological Reviews 63 (2):411–436. doi: 10.1124/pr.110.003293.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pappus, S. A., B. Ekka, S. Sahu, D. Sabat, P. Dash, and M. Mishra. 2017. “A Toxicity Assessment of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles on Development and Behaviour of Drosophila melanogaster.” Journal of Nanoparticle Research 19:136. DOI 10.1007/s11051-017-3824-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pappus, S. A., and M. Mishra. 2018. “A Drosophila Model to Decipher the Toxicity of Nanoparticles Taken through Oral Routes.” In Cellular and Molecular Toxicology of Nanoparticles, 311–322. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1048:311-322, Springer Nature, Switzerland AG. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-72041-8_18.
   Google Scholar
• Patel, J., and V. Champavat. 2014. “Toxicity of Nanomaterials on the Gastrointestinal Tract.” Biointeractions of Nanomaterials 3:259. CRC Press, Boca Raton.
   Google Scholar
• Philbrook, N. A., V. K. Walker, A. N. Afrooz, N. B. Saleh, and L. M. Winn. 2011. “Investigating the Effects of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes on Reproduction and Development in Drosophila melanogaster and CD-1 Mice.” Reproductive Toxicology 32 (4): 442–448. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.09.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Philbrook, N. A., L. M. Winn, A. N. Afrooz, N. B. Saleh, and V. K. Walker. 2011. “The Effect of TiO 2 and Ag Nanoparticles on Reproduction and Development of Drosophila melanogaster and CD-1 Mice.” Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 257 (3): 429–436. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.09.027.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pisanic, T. R., J. D. Blackwell, V. I. Shubayev, R. R. Fiñones, and S. Jin. 2007. “Nanotoxicity of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Internalization in Growing Neurons.” Biomaterials 28 (16): 2572–2581. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.01.043.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poland, C. A., R. Duffin, I. Kinloch, A. Maynard, W. A. Wallace, A. Seaton, V. Stone, S. Brown, W. Macnee, and K. Donaldson. 2008. “Carbon Nanotubes Introduced into the Abdominal Cavity of Mice Show Asbestos-like Pathogenicity in a Pilot Study.” Nature Nanotechnology 3 (7): 423–428. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2008.111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pompa, P. P., G. Vecchio, A. Galeone, V. Brunetti, S. Sabella, G. Maiorano, A. Falqui, G. Bertoni, and R. Cingolani. 2011. “In Vivo Toxicity Assessment of Gold Nanoparticles in Drosophila melanogaster.” Nano Research 4 (4): 405–413. doi: 10.1007/s12274-011-0095-z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Posgai, R., M. Ahamed, S. M. Hussain, J. J. Rowe, and M. G. Nielsen. 2009. “Inhalation Method for Delivery of Nanoparticles to the Drosophila Respiratory System for Toxicity Testing.” Science of the Total Environment 408 (2): 439–443. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.10.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Posgai, R., C. B. Cipolla-Mcculloch, K. R. Murphy, S. M. Hussain, J. J. Rowe, and M. G. Nielsen. 2011. “Differential Toxicity of Silver and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Drosophila melanogaster Development, Reproductive Effort, and Viability: size, Coatings and Antioxidants Matter.” Chemosphere 85 (1): 34–42. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.06.040.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prabhu, B. M., S. F. Ali, R. C. Murdock, S. M. Hussain, and M. Srivatsan. 2010. “Copper Nanoparticles Exert Size and Concentration Dependent Toxicity on Somatosensory Neurons of Rat.” Nanotoxicology 4 (2): 150–160. doi: 10.3109/17435390903337693.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Praetorius, M., C. Brunner, B. Lehnert, C. Klingmann, H. Schmidt, H. Staecker, and B. Schick. 2007. “Transsynaptic Delivery of Nanoparticles to the Central Auditory Nervous System.” Acta Oto-Laryngologica 127 (5): 486–490. doi: 10.1080/00016480600895102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qian, H., F. Jianmin, D. Haizhen, J. K. Johnson, B. M. Christensen, and L. Jianyong. 2002. “Identification of Drosophila melanogaster Yellow-f and Yellow-f2 Proteins as Dopachrome-Conversion Enzymes.” Biochemical Journal 368 (1): 333–340. doi: 10.1042/bj20020272.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Raj, A., P. Shah, and N. Agrawal. 2017. “Dose-Dependent Effect of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on Fertility and Survival of Drosophila: An In-Vivo Study.” PLoS One 12 (5): e0178051. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178051.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rauschenbach, I. Y., N. Chentsova, A. Alekseev, N. Gruntenko, N. Adonyeva, E. Karpova, T. Komarova, V. Vasiliev, and M. Bownes. 2007. “Dopamine and Octopamine Regulate 20-hydroxyecdysone Level In Vivo in Drosophila .” Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 65 (2): 95–102. doi: 10.1002/arch.20183.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rauschenbach, I. Y., N. Gruntenko, T. Khlebodarova, M. Mazurov, L. Grenback, M. J. Sukhanova, L. Shumnaja, I. Zakharov, and B. Hammock. 1996. “The Role of the Degradation System of the Juvenile Hormone in the Reproduction of Drosophila under Stress.” Journal of Insect Physiology 42 (8): 735–742. doi: 10.1016/0022-1910(96)00027-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rauschenbach, I. Y., L. Shumnaya, T. Khlebodarova, N. Chentsova, and L. Grenback. 1995. “Role of Phenol Oxidases and Thyrosine Hydroxylase in Control of Dopamine Content in Drosophila virilis under Normal Conditions and Heat Stress.” Journal of Insect Physiology 41 (3): 279–286. doi: 10.1016/0022-1910(94)00089-Y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reiter, L. T., L. Potocki, S. Chien, M. Gribskov, and E. Bier. 2001. “A Systematic Analysis of Human Disease-Associated Gene Sequences in Drosophila melanogaster.” Genome Research 11 (6): 1114–1125. doi: 10.1101/gr.169101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ren, N., B. He, D. Stone, S. Kirakodu, and P. N. Adler. 2006. “The Shavenoid Gene of Drosophila Encodes a Novel Actin Cytoskeleton Interacting Protein That Promotes Wing Hair Morphogenesis.” Genetics 172 (3): 1643–1653. doi: 10.1534/genetics.105.051433.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riedl, J., and M. Louis. 2012. “Behavioral Neuroscience: Crawling Is a No-Brainer for Fruit Fly Larvae.” Current Biology : Cb 22 (20): R867–R869. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2012.08.018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosi, N. L., D. A. Giljohann, C. S. Thaxton, A. K. Lytton-Jean, M. S. Han, and C. A. Mirkin. 2006. “Oligonucleotide-Modified Gold Nanoparticles for Intracellular Gene Regulation.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 312 (5776): 1027–1030. doi: 10.1126/science.1125559.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosi, N. L., and C. A. Mirkin. 2005. “Nanostructures in Biodiagnostics.” Chemical Reviews 105 (4): 1547–1562. doi: 10.1021/cr030067f.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rycroft, T., B. Trump, K. Poinsatte-Jones, and I. Linkov. 2018. “Nanotoxicology and Nanomedicine: making Development Decisions in an Evolving Governance Environment.” Journal of Nanoparticle Research 20:52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-018-4160-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryter, S. W., H. P. Kim, A. Hoetzel, J. W. Park, K. Nakahira, X. Wang, and A. M. Choi. 2007. “Mechanisms of Cell Death in Oxidative Stress.” Antioxidants and Redox Signaling 9 (1): 49–89. doi: 10.1089/ars.2007.9.49.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabat, D., A. Patnaik, B. Ekka, P. Dash, and M. Mishra. 2016. “Investigation of Titania Nanoparticles on Behaviour and Mechanosensory Organ of Drosophila melanogaster.” Physiology and Behavior 167:76–85. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.08.032.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabella, S.,. V. Brunetti, G. Vecchio, A. Galeone, G. Maiorano, R. Cingolani, and P. P. Pompa. 2011. “Toxicity of Citrate-Capped AuNPs: An In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment.” Journal of Nanoparticle Research 13 (12): 6821–6835. doi: 10.1007/s11051-011-0590-x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santo, N., U. Fascio, F. Torres, N. Guazzoni, P. Tremolada, R. Bettinetti, P. Mantecca, and R. Bacchetta. 2014. “Toxic Effects and Ultrastructural Damages to Daphnia Magna of Two Differently Sized ZnO Nanoparticles: Does Size Matter?” Water Research 53:339–350. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.01.036.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunders, M. 2009. “Transplacental Transport of Nanomaterials.” Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology 1 (6): 671–684. doi: 10.1002/wnan.53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savolainen, K., H. Alenius, H. Norppa, L. Pylkkänen, T. Tuomi, and G. Kasper. 2010. “Risk Assessment of Engineered Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies—A Review.” Toxicology 269 (2–3): 92–104. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2010.01.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, M., F. Stracke, S. Hansen, and U. F. Schaefer. 2009. “Nanoparticles and Their Interactions with the Dermal Barrier.” Dermato-Endocrinology 1 (4): 197–206. 20592791.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scott, R. C., O. Schuldiner, and T. P. Neufeld. 2004. “Role and Regulation of Starvation-Induced Autophagy in the Drosophila Fat Body.” Developmental Cell 7 (2): 167–178. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2004.07.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shan, Y., S. Ma, L. Nie, X. Shang, X. Hao, Z. Tang, and H. Wang. 2011. “Size-Dependent Endocytosis of Single Gold Nanoparticles.” Chemical Communications 47 (28): 8091–8093. doi: 10.1039/c1cc11453k.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shanbhag, S., and S. Tripathi. 2009. “Epithelial Ultrastructure and Cellular Mechanisms of Acid and Base Transport in the Drosophila Midgut.” The Journal of Experimental Biology 212 (Pt 11): 1731–1744. doi: 10.1242/jeb.029306.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shrivastava, R., S. Raza, A. Yadav, P. Kushwaha, and S. J. Flora. 2014. “Effects of Sub-Acute Exposure to TiO2, ZnO and Al2O3 Nanoparticles on Oxidative Stress and Histological Changes in Mouse Liver and Brain.” Drug and Chemical Toxicology 37 (3): 336–347. doi: 10.3109/01480545.2013.866134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siddique, H. R., S. C. Gupta, K. Mitra, V. K. Bajpai, N. Mathur, R. C. Murthy, D. K. Saxena, and D. K. Chowdhuri. 2008. “Adverse Effect of Tannery Waste Leachates in Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster: Role of ROS in Modulation of Hsp70, Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis.” Journal of Applied Toxicology 28 (6): 734–748. doi: 10.1002/jat.1332.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siddique, Y. H., A. Fatima, S. Jyoti, F. Naz, W. Khan, B. R. Singh, and A. H. Naqvi. 2013. “Evaluation of the Toxic Potential of Graphene Copper Nanocomposite (GCNC) in the Third Instar Larvae of Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster (hsp70-lacZ) Bg9.” PLoS One 8:e80944.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siddique, Y. H., W. Khan, S. Khanam, S. Jyoti, F. Naz, B. R. Singh, and A. H. Naqvi. 2014. “Toxic Potential of Synthesized Graphene Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite in the Third Instar Larvae of Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster (hsp70-lacZ) Bg9.” BioMed Research International 2014:382124, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/382124.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silbering, A. F., R. Okada, K. Ito, and C. G. Galizia. 2008. “Olfactory Information Processing in the Drosophila Antennal Lobe: Anything Goes?” The Journal of Neuroscience 28 (49): 13075–13087. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2973-08.2008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simonsen, A., R. C. Cumming, and K. D. Finley. 2007. “Linking Lysosomal Trafficking Defects with Changes in Aging and Stress Response in Drosophila.” Autophagy 3 (5): 499–501. doi: 10.4161/auto.4604.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, M. P., M. K. Reddy, N. Mathur, D. Saxena, and D. K. Chowdhuri. 2009. “Induction of hsp70, hsp60, hsp83 and hsp26 and Oxidative Stress Markers in Benzene, Toluene and Xylene Exposed Drosophila melanogaster: Role of ROS Generation.” Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 235 (2): 226–243. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2008.12.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, N., B. Manshian, G. J. Jenkins, S. M. Griffiths, P. M. Williams, T. G. Maffeis, C. J. Wright, and S. H. Doak. 2009. “NanoGenotoxicology: The DNA Damaging Potential of Engineered Nanomaterials.” Biomaterials 30 (23–24): 3891–3914. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.04.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smoller, J. W., L. H. Yamaki, J. A. Fagerness, J. Biederman, S. Racette, N. M. Laird, J. Kagan., et al. 2005. “The Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Gene and Behavioral Inhibition in Children at Risk for Panic Disorder.” Biological Psychiatry 57 (12): 1485–1492. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.02.018.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sokolowski, M. B. 2001. “Drosophila: Genetics Meets Behaviour.” Nature Reviews Genetics 2 (11): 879. doi: 10.1038/35098592.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, M.-F., Y.-S. Li, H. Kasai, and K. Kawai. 2012. “Metal Nanoparticle-Induced Micronuclei and Oxidative DNA Damage in Mice.” Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition 50 (3): 211–216. doi: 10.3164/jcbn.11-70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stampfl, A., M. Maier, R. Radykewicz, P. Reitmeir, M. Göttlicher, and R. Niessner. 2011. “Langendorff Heart: A Model System to Study Cardiovascular Effects of Engineered Nanoparticles.” ACS Nano 5 (7): 5345–5353. doi: 10.1021/nn200801c.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone, V., and K. Donaldson. 2006. “Nanotoxicology: Signs of Stress.” Nature Nanotechnology 1 (1): 23–24. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2006.69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strawn, E. T., C. A. Cohen, and B. A. Rzigalinski. 2006. “Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Increase Lifespan and Protect against Free Radical-Mediated Toxicity.” The FASEB Journal 20:A1356.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stronach, B. E., and N. Perrimon. 1999. “Stress Signaling in Drosophila.” Oncogene 18, 6172–6182.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugumaran, M. 2009. “Complexities of Cuticular Pigmentation in Insects.” Pigment Cell and Melanoma Research 22 (5): 523–525. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-148X.2009.00608.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugumaran, M., L. B. Giglio, H. Kundzicz, S. Saul, and V. Semensi. 1992. “Studies on the Enzymes Involved in Puparial Cuticle Sclerotization in Drosophila melanogaster.” Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 19 (4): 271–283. doi: 10.1002/arch.940190406.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suh, J., and F. R. Jackson. 2007. “Drosophila Ebony Activity Is Required in Glia for the Circadian Regulation of Locomotor Activity.” Neuron 55 (3): 435–447. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2007.06.038.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang, H. 2009. “Regulation and Function of the Melanization Reaction in Drosophila.” Fly 3 (1): 105–111. 19164947.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang, J., L. Xiong, S. Wang, J. Wang, L. Liu, J. Li, Z. Wan, and T. Xi. 2008. “Influence of Silver Nanoparticles on Neurons and Blood-Brain Barrier via Subcutaneous Injection in Rats.” Applied Surface Science 255 (2): 502–504. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2008.06.058.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taussig, H. B. 1962. “A Study of the German Outbreak of Phocomelia. The Thalidomide Syndrome.” Jama 180:1106. 13919869.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tellam, R. 1996. “The Peritrophic Matrix.” Biology of the Insect Midgut 86:114. Springer Nature Switzerland AG
   Google Scholar
• Tice, R. R., E. Agurell, D. Anderson, B. Burlinson, A. Hartmann, H. Kobayashi, Y. Miyamae, E. Rojas, J. C. Ryu, and Y. Sasaki. 2000. “Single Cell Gel/Comet Assay: Guidelines for In Vitro and In Vivo Genetic Toxicology Testing.” Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 35 (3): 206–221. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(2000)35:3 < 206::AID-EM8 > 3.0.CO;2-J.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turrens, J. F. 2003. “Mitochondrial Formation of Reactive Oxygen species.” The Journal of Physiology 552 (Pt 2): 335–344. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2003.049478.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turski, M. L., and D. J. Thiele. 2007. “Drosophila Ctr1A Functions as a Copper Transporter Essential for Development.” Journal of Biological Chemistry 282 (33): 24017–24026. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M703792200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uhrigshardt, H., T. A. Rouault, and F. Missirlis. 2013. “Insertion Mutants in Drosophila melanogaster Hsc20 Halt Larval Growth and Lead to Reduced Iron–Sulfur Cluster Enzyme Activities and Impaired Iron Homeostasis.” Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry 18 (4): 441–449. doi: 10.1007/s00775-013-0988-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vales, G., E. Demir, B. Kaya, A. Creus, and R. Marcos. 2013. “Genotoxicity of Cobalt Nanoparticles and Ions in Drosophila.” Nanotoxicology 7 (4): 462–468. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2012.689882.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vasir, J. K., and V. Labhasetwar. 2008. “Quantification of the Force of Nanoparticle-Cell Membrane Interactions and Its Influence on Intracellular Trafficking of Nanoparticles.” Biomaterials 29 (31): 4244–4252. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.07.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vecchio, G., A. Galeone, V. Brunetti, G. Maiorano, L. Rizzello, S. Sabella, R. Cingolani, and P. P. Pompa. 2012. “Mutagenic Effects of Gold Nanoparticles Induce Aberrant Phenotypes in Drosophila melanogaster.” Nanomedicine 8 (1): 1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2011.11.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vega-Alvarez, S., A. Herrera, C. Rinaldi, and F. A. Carrero-Martínez. 2014. “Tissue-Specific Direct Microtransfer of Nanomaterials into Drosophila Embryos as a Versatile In Vivo Test Bed for Nanomaterial Toxicity Assessment.” International Journal of Nanomedicine 9:2031. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S56459. eCollection 2014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vervoort, M., M. Crozatier, D. Valle, and A. Vincent. 1999. “The COE Transcription Factor Collier Is a Mediator of Short-Range Hedgehog-Induced Patterning of the Drosophila Wing.” Current Biology 9 (12): 632–639. doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(99)80285-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Völker, C., C. Boedicker, J. Daubenthaler, M. Oetken, and J. Oehlmann. 2013. “Comparative Toxicity Assessment of Nanosilver on Three Daphnia Species in Acute, Chronic and Multi-Generation Experiments.” PLoS One 8 (10): e75026. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walter, M. F., B. C. Black, G. Afshar, A.-Y. Kermabon, T. R. Wright, and H. Biessmann. 1991. “Temporal and Spatial Expression of the Yellow Gene in Correlation with Cuticle Formation and Dopa Decarboxylase Activity in Drosophila Development.” Developmental Biology 147 (1): 32–45. doi: 10.1016/S0012-1606(05)80005-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walter, M. F., L. L. Zeineh, B. C. Black, W. E. Mcivor, T. R. Wright, and H. Biessmann. 1996. “Catecholamine Metabolism and in Vitro Induction of Premature Cuticle Melanization in Wild Type and Pigmentation Mutants of Drosophila melanogaster.” Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 31 (2): 219–233. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6327(1996)31:2 < 219::AID-ARCH9 > 3.0.CO;2-U.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, B., N. Chen, Y. Wei, J. Li, L. Sun, J. Wu, Q. Huang, C. Liu, C. Fan, and H. Song. 2012. “Akt Signaling-Associated Metabolic Effects of Dietary Gold Nanoparticles in Drosophila.” Scientific Reports 2:563. doi: 10.1038/srep00563
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, J., Y. Liu, F. Jiao, F. Lao, W. Li, Y. Gu, Y. Li., et al. 2008. “Time-Dependent Translocation and Potential Impairment on Central Nervous System by Intranasally Instilled TiO 2 Nanoparticles.” Toxicology 254 (1–2): 82–90. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2008.09.014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, M. C., D. Bohmann, and H. Jasper. 2003. “JNK Signaling Confers Tolerance to Oxidative Stress and Extends Lifespan in Drosophila.” Developmental Cell 5 (5): 811–816. doi: 10.1016/S1534-5807(03)00323-X.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webster, C. A., D. Di Silvio, A. Devarajan, P. Bigini, E. Micotti, C. Giudice, M. Salmona, G. N. Wheeler, V. Sherwood, and F. B. Bombelli. 2016. “An Early Developmental Vertebrate Model for Nanomaterial Safety: Bridging Cell-Based and Mammalian Toxicity Assessment.” Nanomedicine 11 (6): 643–656. doi: 10.2217/nnm.15.219.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weir, A., P. Westerhoff, L. Fabricius, K. Hristovski, and N. Von Goetz. 2012. “Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Food and Personal Care Products.” Environmental Science & Technology 46 (4): 2242–2250. doi: 10.1021/es204168d.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, M., J. D. Hoeschele, J. Turner, K. B. Jacobson, N. T. Christie, C. Paton, L. Smith, H. Witschi, and E. Lee. 1982. “Chemical Softness and Acute Metal Toxicity in Mice and Drosophila.” Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 63 (3): 461–469. doi: 10.1016/0041-008X(82)90274-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, J. 1968. Introduction: Problems of Teratogenic Testing. In Toxicity of anesthetics, BR Fink ed, 259–268. Baltimore, Md: Williams and Williams.
   Google Scholar
• Wittkopp, P. J., and P. Beldade. 2009. “Development and Evolution of Insect Pigmentation: genetic Mechanisms and the Potential Consequences of Pleiotropy.” Seminars in Cell and Developmental BiologyElsevier 20 (1): 65–71. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2008.10.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wittkopp, P. J., S. B. Carroll, and A. Kopp. 2003. “Evolution in Black and White: Genetic Control of Pigment Patterns in Drosophila.” Trends in Genetics : Tig 19 (9): 495–504. doi: 10.1016/S0168-9525(03)00194-X.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolf, M. J., H. Amrein, J. A. Izatt, M. A. Choma, M. C. Reedy, and H. A. Rockman. 2006. “Drosophila as a Model for the Identification of Genes Causing Adult Human Heart Disease.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103 (5): 1394–1399. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0507359103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright, T. R. 1987. “The Genetics of Biogenic Amine Metabolism, Sclerotization, and Melanization in Drosophila melanogaster.” Advances in Genetics 24:127–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2660(08)60008-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright, T. R., G. C. Bewley, and A. F. Sherald. 1976. “The Genetics of Dopa Decarboxylase in Drosophila melanogaster. II. Isolation and Characterization of Dopa-Decarboxylase-Deficient Mutants and Their Relationship to the α-Methyl-Dopa-Hypersensitive Mutants.” Genetics 84:287–310.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yadav, J. S., P. P. Das, T. L. Reddy, I. Bag, P. M. Lavanya, B. Jagannadh, D. K. Mohapatra, M. P. Bhadra, and U. Bhadra. 2011. “Sub-Cellular Internalization and Organ Specific Oral Delivery of PABA Nanoparticles by Side Chain Variation.” Journal of Nanobiotechnology 9 (1): 10. doi: 10.1186/1477-3155-9-10.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yadav, J. S., M. P. Lavanya, P. P. Das, I. Bag, A. Krishnan, B. Jagannadh, D. K. Mohapatra, M. P. Bhadra, and U. Bhadra. 2010. “4-N-Pyridin-2-yl-Benzamide Nanotubes Compatible with Mouse Stem Cell and Oral Delivery in Drosophila.” Nanotechnology 21 (15): 155102. doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/15/155102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamashita, K., Y. Yoshioka, K. Higashisaka, K. Mimura, Y. Morishita, M. Nozaki, T. Yoshida., et al. 2011. “Silica and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Cause Pregnancy Complications in Mice.” Nature Nanotechnology 6 (5): 321–328. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2011.41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• You, C., C. Han, X. Wang, Y. Zheng, Q. Li, X. Hu, and H. Sun. 2012. “The Progress of Silver Nanoparticles in the Antibacterial Mechanism, Clinical Application and Cytotoxicity.” Molecular Biology Reports 39 (9): 9193–9201. doi: 10.1007/s11033-012-1792-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, M., Y. Yang, C. Zhu, S. Guo, and Y. Gan. 2016. “Advances in the Transepithelial Transport of Nanoparticles.” Drug Discovery Today 21 (7): 1155–1161. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.05.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, J., and V. Castranova. 2011. “Toxicology of Nanomaterials Used in Nanomedicine.” Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews 14 (8): 593–632. doi: 10.1080/10937404.2011.615113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar