Distribution of gold nanoparticles into the brain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

References

• Alkilany, A. M., and C. J. Murphy. 2010. “Toxicity and Cellular Uptake of Gold Nanoparticles: What We Have Learned So Far?” Journal of Nanoparticle Research 12 (7): 2313–2333. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-010-9911-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailly, A., F. Correard, A. Popov, G. Tselikov, F. Chaspoul, and R. Appay. 2019. “In Vivo Evaluation of Safety, Biodistribution and Pharmacokinetics of Laser- Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles.” Scientific Reports 1: 12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48748-3.
   Google Scholar
• Bhargava, R., S. Sahoo, N. N. Esposito, and B. Chen. 2011. “Pathology of Breast Carcinoma: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Issues and Challenges.” Pathology Research International 2011: 731470–731472. doi:https://doi.org/10.4061/2011/731470.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bromma, K. 2020. “Advances in Gold Nanoparticle-Based Combined Cancer Therapy.” Nanomaterials 10 (9): 1671.
   Google Scholar
• Carnovale, C., G. Bryant, R. Shukla, and V. Bansal. 2019. “Identifying Trends in Gold Nanoparticle Toxicity and Uptake: Size, Shape, Capping Ligand, and Biological Corona.” ACS Omega 4 (1): 242–256. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b03227.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chenthamara, D., S. Subramaniam, S. G. Ramakrishnan, S. Krishnaswamy, M. M. Essa, F.-H. Lin, M. W. Qoronfleh, et al. 2019. “Therapeutic Efficacy of Nanoparticles and Routes of Administration.” Biomaterials Research 23 (1): 1–29. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-019-0166-x.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chithrani, B. D., A. A. Ghazani, and W. C. W. Chan. 2006. “Determining the Size and Shape Dependence of Gold Nanoparticle Uptake into Mammalian Cells.” Nano Letters 6 (4): 662–668. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/nl052396o.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho, W.-S, M. Cho, J. Jeong, M. Choi, H.-Y. Cho, B. S. Han, S. H. Kim, et al. 2009. “Acute Toxicity and Pharmacokinetics of 13 nm-Sized PEG-Coated Gold Nanoparticles.” Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 236 (1): 16–24. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2008.12.023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dam, D. H. M., K. S. B. Culver, I. Kandela, R. C. Lee, C. Kavita, H. Lee, C. Mantis, et al. 2015. “Biodistribution and In Vivo Toxicity of Aptamer-Loaded Gold Nanostars.” Nanomedicine 11 (3): 671–679.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davidi, E. S., T. Dreifuss, M. Motiei, E. Shai, D. Bragilovski, L. Lubimov, M. J. J. Kindler, et al. 2017. “Cisplatin-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles as a Theranostic Agent for Head and Neck Cancer.” Head and Neck 40 (1): 70–78.
   Google Scholar
• Dykman, L. A., and N. G. Khlebtsov. 2011. “Gold Nanoparticles in Biology and Medicine: Recent Advances and Prospects.” Acta Naturae 3 (2): 34–55. doi:https://doi.org/10.32607/20758251-2011-3-2-34-55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elci, S. G., Y. Jiang, B. Yan, S. T. Kim, K. Saha, and D. F. Moyano. 2016. “Charge Controls the Sub-Organ Biodistributions of Gold Nanoparticles.” ACS Nano 10 (5): 5536–5542.
   Google Scholar
• Enea, M., E. Pereira, J. Costa, M. E. Soares, D. Dias da Silva, M. de Lourdes Bastos, and H. F. Carmo. 2021. “Cellular Uptake and Toxicity of Gold Nanoparticles on Two Distinct Hepatic Cell Models.” Toxicology in Vitro 70: 105046. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2020.105046.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Escudero-Francos, M. A., V. Cepas, P. González-Menédez, R. Badía-Laíño, M. E. Díaz-García, R. M. Sainz, J. C. Mayo, et al. 2017. “Cellular Uptake and Tissue Biodistribution of Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles and Nanoclusters.” Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 13 (2): 167–179. doi:https://doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2017.2344.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fam, S. Y., C. F. Chee, C. Y. Yong, K. L. Ho, A. R. Mariatulqabtiah, and W. S. Tan. 2020. “Stealth Coating of Nanoparticles in Drug-Delivery Systems.” Nanomaterials 10 (4): 1–18. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10040787.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fazaeli, Y., O. Akhavan, R. Rahighi, M. R. Aboudzadeh, E. Karimi, and H. Afarideh. 2014. “In Vivo SPECT Imaging of Tumors by 198,199Au-Labeled Graphene Oxide Nanostructures.” Materials Science & Engineering. C, Materials for Biological Applications 45: 196–204. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2014.09.019.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fejzoa, M. S., A. Magtirab, F. P. Schoenbergb, K. MacGibbonc, P. Mullind, and R. Romeroe. 2008. “A Dense Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Coating Improves Penetration of Large Polymeric Nanop.” Bone 23 (1): 1–7.
   Google Scholar
• Felber, M., M. Bauwens, J. M. Mateos, S. Imstepf, F. M. Mottaghy, and R. Alberto. 2015. “ (99m) Tc Radiolabeling and Biological Evaluation of Nanoparticles Functionalized with a Versatile Coating Ligand.” Chemistry 21 (16): 6090–6099. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201405704.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frigell, J., and J. Llop. 2014. “Ga-Labeled Gold Glyconanoparticles for Exploring Blood − Brain Barrier Permeability: Preparation, Biodistribution Studies, and Improved Brain Uptake via Neuropeptide Conjugation.” Journal of the American Chemical Society 136 (1): 449–457.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garrido, C., C. A. Simpson, N. P. Dahl, J. Bresee, D. C. Whitehead, E. A. Lindsey, T. L. Harris, et al. 2015. “Gold Nanoparticles to Improve HIV Drug Delivery.” Future Medicinal Chemistry 7 (9): 1097–1107. doi:https://doi.org/10.4155/fmc.15.57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirn, S., M. Semmler-Behnke, C. Schleh, A. Wenk, J. Lipka, M. Schäffler, S. Takenaka, et al. 2011. “Particle Size-Dependent and Surface Charge-Dependent Biodistribution of Gold Nanoparticles after Intravenous Administration Stephanie.” European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 77 (3): 407–416. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.12.029.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honary, S., and F. Zahir. 2013. “Effect of Zeta Potential on the Properties of Nano-Drug Delivery Systems – A Review (Part 1).” Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 12 (2): 255–264.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, X., Y. Zhang, T. Ding, J. Liu, and H. Zhao. 2020. “Multifunctional Gold Nanoparticles: A Novel Nanomaterial for.” Various Medical Applications and Biological Activities 8 (August): 1–17.
   Google Scholar
• Huang, K., H. Ma, J. Liu, S. Huo, A. Kumar, T. Wei, X. Zhang, et al. 2012. “Size-Dependent Localization and Pene- tration of Ultrasmall Gold Nano-Particles in Cancer Cells.” Multicellular 6 (5): 4483–4493. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/nn301282m.
   Google Scholar
• Huang, X., R. O. Connor, and E. A. Kwizera. 2017. “Gold Nanoparticle Based Platforms for Circulating Cancer Marker Detection.” Nanotheranostics 1 (1): 80–102.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Janát-Amsbury, M. M., A. Ray, C. M. Peterson, and H. Ghandehari. 2011. “Geometry and Surface Characteristics of Gold Nanoparticles Influence Their Biodistribution and Uptake by Macrophages.” European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 77 (3): 417–423. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.11.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karmakar, A., Q. Zhang, and Y. Zhang. 2014. “Neurotoxicity of Nanoscale Materials.” Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 22 (1): 147–160. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2014.01.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kefayat, A., F. Ghahremani, H. Motaghi, and M. A. Mehrgardi. 2019. “Investigation of Different Targeting Decorations Effect on the Albumin-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles Radiosensitizing Efficacy for Breast Cancer Radiation Therapy.” European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 130: 225–233. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2019.01.037.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan, M. K., S. S. Nigavekar, L. D. Minc, M. S. T. Kariapper, B. M. Nair, W. G. Lesniak, L. P. Balogh. 2005. “In Vivo Biodistribution of Dendrimers and Dendrimer Nanocomposites – Implications for Cancer Imaging and Therapy.” Technology in Cancer Research and Treatment 4 (6): 603–613.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, J., S. Lee, D. Schellingerhout, M. Nahrendorf, K. Kim, J. Kim, D.- E. Kim.2019. “Spectroscopic Assessment of Gold Nanoparticle Biodistribution Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Phenomena.” ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering 5 (12): 6389–6394.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar, A., B. M. Boruah, and X. Liang. 2011. “Gold Nanoparticles: Promising Nanomaterials for the Diagnosis of Cancer and HIV/AIDS.” Journal of Nanomaterials 2011: 1–17. doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/202187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lasagna-Reeves, C., D. Gonzalez-Romero, M. A. Barria, I. Olmedo, A. Clos, V. M. Sadagopa Ramanujam, A. Urayama, et al. 2010. “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications Bioaccumulation and Toxicity of Gold Nanoparticles after Repeated Administration in Mice.” Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 393 (4): 649–655. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.02.046.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang, S., C. Li, C. Zhang, Y. Chen, L. Xu, C. Bao, X. Wang, et al. 2015. “CD44v6 Monoclonal Antibody-Conjugated Gold Nanostars for Targeted Photoacoustic Imaging and Plasmonic Photothermal Therapy of Gastric Cancer Stem-Like Cells.” Theranostics 5 (9): 970–984. doi:https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.11632.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, Y., J. R. Ashton, E. J. Moding, H. Yuan, J. K. Register, and M. Andrew. 2015. “A Plasmonic Gold Nanostar Theranostic Probe for In Vivo Tumor Imaging and Photothermal Therapy.” Theranostics 5 (9): 946–960.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, W., C. Xiong, G. Zhang, Q. Huang, Z. Rui, J. Z. Zhang, and C. Li. 2010. “Targeted Photothermal Ablation of Murine Melanomas with Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Analog-Conjugated Hollow Gold Nanospheres.” Clinical Cancer Research 15 (3): 876–886.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meola, A., J. Rao, N. Chaudhary, M. Sharma, and S. D. Chang. 2018. “Gold Nanoparticles for Brain Tumor Imaging: A Systematic Review.” Frontiers in Neurology 9 (MAY): 328. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.00328.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Meyers, J. D., Y. Cheng, A.-M. Broome, R. S. Agnes, M. D. Schluchter, S. Margevicius, X. Wang, et al. 2015. “Peptide-Targeted Gold Nanoparticles for Photodynamic Therapy of Brain Cancer.” Particle & Particle Systems Characterization 32 (4): 448–457. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.201400119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohammad, A. S., C. E. Adkins, N. Shah, R. Aljammal, J. I. G. Griffith, and R. M. Tallman. 2018. “Permeability Changes and Effect of Chemotherapy in Brain Adjacent to Tumor in an Experimental Model of Metastatic Brain Tumor From Breast Cancer.” BMC Cancer 18 (1): 1–10. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-018-5115-x.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Morais, T., M. E. Soares, J. A. Duarte, L. Soares, S. Maia, P. Gomes, et al. 2012. “Effect of Surface Coating on the Biodistribution Profile of Gold Nanoparticles in the Rat.” European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 80 (1): 185–193. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.09.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morales-Avila, E., G. Ferro-Flores, B. E. Ocampo-García, L. M. De León-Rodríguez, C. L. Santos-Cuevas, R. García-Becerra, L. A. Medina, et al. 2011. “Multimeric System of 99mTc-Labeled Gold Nanoparticles Conjugated to c[RGDfK(C)] for Molecular Imaging of Tumor α(v)β(3) Expression.” Bioconjugate Chemistry 22 (5): 913–922. doi:https://doi.org/10.1021/bc100551s.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nowak, M., T. D. Brown, A. Graham, M. E. Helgeson, and S. Mitragotri. 2020. “Size, Shape, and Flexibility Influence Nanoparticle Transport Across Brain Endothelium Under Flow.” Bioengineering and Translational Medicine 5 (2): 1–11.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osswald, M., J. Blaes, Y. Liao, G. Solecki, M. Gömmel, A. S. Berghoff, L. Salphati, et al. 2016. “Impact of Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity on Tumor Growth and Therapy Response in Brain Metastases.” Clinical Cancer Research 22 (24): 6078–6087. doi:https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng, J., and X. Liang. 2019. “Progress in Research on Gold Nanoparticles in Cancer Management.” Medicine 98 (18): e15311.
   Google Scholar
• Qiu, Y., Y. Liu, L. Wang, L. Xu, R. Bai, Y. Ji, X. Wu, et al. 2010. “Surface Chemistry and Aspect Ratio Mediated Cellular Uptake of Au Nanorods.” Biomaterials 31 (30): 7606–7619. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.06.051.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rizvi, S. M. D, T. Hussain, A. B. F Ahmed, T. M. Alshammari, A. Moin, M. Q. Ahmed, G. E. Barreto, et al. 2018. “Gold Nanoparticles: A Plausible Tool to Combat Neurological Bacterial Infections in Humans.” Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 107 (July): 7–18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.130.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Saraiva, C., C. Praça, R. Ferreira, T. Santos, L. Ferreira, and L. Bernardino. 2016. “Nanoparticle-Mediated Brain Drug Delivery: Overcoming Blood-Brain Barrier to treat neurodegenerative diseases.” Journal of Controlled Release 235: 34–47. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.05.044.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen, Y., Z. Ma, F. Chen, Q. Dong, Q. Hu, L. Bai, J. Chen, et al. 2015. “Effective Photothermal Chemotherapy with Docetaxel-Loaded Gold Nanospheres in Advanced Prostate Cancer.” Journal of Drug Targeting 23 (6): 568–576.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siddique, S., and J. C. L. Chow. 2020. “Gold Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery and Cancer Therapy.” Applied Sciences 10 (11): 3824.
   Google Scholar
• Silva, F., A. P. Zambre, M. Paula, C. Campello, L. Gano, and I. R. Santos. 2016. “Interrogating the Role of Receptor-Mediated Mechanisms: Biological Fate of Peptide-functionalized Radiolabeled Gold Nanoparticles in Tumor Mice.” Bioconjugate Chemistry 27 (4): 1153–1164.
   Google Scholar
• Takeuchi, I., S. Nobata, N. Oiri, K. Tomoda, and K. Makino. 2017. “Biodistribution and Excretion of Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles after Intravenous Injection: Effects of Particle Size.” Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering 28 (3): 315–323. doi:https://doi.org/10.3233/BME-171677.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terentyuk, G. S., G. N. Maslyakova, L. V. Suleymanova, B. N. Khlebtsov, B. Y. Kogan, G. G. Akchurin, A. V. Shantrocha, et al. 2009. “Circulation and Distribution of Gold Nanoparticles and Induced Alterations of Tissue Morphology at Intravenous Particle Delivery.” Journal of Biophotonics 2 (5): 292–302. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.200910005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thovhogi, N., N. Sibuyi, M. Meyer, M. Onani, and A. Madiehe. 2015. “Targeted Delivery Using Peptide-Functionalised Gold Nanoparticles to White Adipose Tissues of Obese Rats.” Journal of Nanoparticle Research 17: 112.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tian, M., W. Lu, R. Zhang, C. Xiong, J. Ensor, J. Nazario, J. Jackson, et al. 2014. “Tumor Uptake of Hollow Gold Nanospheres after Intravenous and Intra-arterial Injection: PET/CT Study in a Rabbit VX2 Liver Cancer Model.” Molecular Imaging and Biology 15 (5): 614–624. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-013-0635-x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiwari, P. M., E. Eroglu, S. S. Bawage, K. Vig, M. E. Miller, S. Pillai, V. A. Dennis, et al. 2014. “Enhanced Intracellular Translocation and Biodistribution of Gold Nanoparticles Functionalized with a Cell-Penetrating Peptide (VG-21) from Vesicular Stomatitis Virus.” Biomaterials 35 (35): 9484–9494. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.07.032.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torres, L., and M. S. Bynoe. 2017. “Influence of Gender on Blood Brain Barrier Permeability and Adenosine Receptor Signaling.” The FASEB Journal 31 (1): 1042–1043.
   Google Scholar
• Volkova, N., O. Pavlovich, O. Fesenko, O. Budnyk, S. Kovalchuk, and A. Goltsev. 2017. “Studies of the Influence of Gold Nanoparticles on Characteristics of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.” Journal of Nanomaterials 2017: 1–9. doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/6934757.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, C. E., R. C. Yumul, J. Lin, Y. Cheng, S. H. Pun, and L. Angeles. 2018. “Junction Opener Protein Increases Nanoparticle Accumulation in Solid Tumors.” Journal of Controlled Release 272: 9–16. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.12.032.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei, X. L., Z. H. Mo, B. Li, and J. M. Wei. 2007. “Disruption of HepG2 Cell Adhesion by Gold Nanoparticle and Paclitaxel Disclosed by In Situ QCM Measurement.” Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces 59 (1): 100–104. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.04.016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, C.-Y, J.-J. Lin, W.-Y. Chang, C.-Y. Hsieh, C.-C. Wu, H.-S. Chen, H.-J. Hsu, et al. 2019. “ Biointerfaces Development of Theranostic Active-Targeting Boron-Containing Gold Nanoparticles for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT).” Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces 183 (August): 110387.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Xie, H., Z. J. Wang, and W. T. Phillips. 2012. “Effect of Intratumoral Administration on Biodistribution of 64 Cu-Labeled Nanoshells.” International Journal of Nanomedicine 7: 2227–2238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yah, C. S. 2013. “The Toxicity of Gold Nanoparticles in Relation to Their Physiochemical Properties.” Biomedical Research 24 (3): 400–413.
   Google Scholar
• Yah, C. S., S. E. Iyuke, and G. S. Simate. 2012. “A Review of Nanoparticles Toxicity and Their Routes of Exposures.” Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 8 (1): 299–314.
   Google Scholar
• Yang, H., L. Du, G. Wu, Z. Wu, and J. A. Keelan. 2018. “Murine Exposure to Gold Nanoparticles During Early Pregnancy Promotes Abortion by Inhibiting Ectodermal Differentiation.” Molecular Medicine 24 (1): 62.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yao, C., L. Zhang, J. Wang, Y. He, J. Xin, S. Wang, H. Xu, et al. 2016. “Gold Nanoparticle Mediated Phototherapy for Cancer.” Journal of Nanomaterials 2016: 1–29. doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/5497136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ye, D., X. Zhang, Y. Yue, R. Raliya, P. Biswas, S. Taylor, Y-C. Tai, et al. 2018. “Focused Ultrasound Combined with Microbubble-Mediated Intranasal Delivery of Gold Nanoclusters to the Brain.” Journal of Controlled Release 286: 145–153. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.07.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• You, J., R. Zhang, G. Zhang, M. Zhong, Y. Liu, C. S. Van Pelt, D. Liang, et al. 2012. “Photothermal-Chemotherapy with Doxorubicin-Loaded Hollow Gold Nanospheres: A Platform for Near-Infrared Light-Trigged Drug Release.” Journal of Controlled Release 158 (2): 319–328. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.10.028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• You, J., J. Zhou, M. Zhou, Y. Liu, J. D. Robertson, D. Liang, C. V. Pelt, et al. 2014. “Pharmacokinetics, Clearance, and Biosafety of Polyethylene Glycol-Coated Hollow Gold Nanospheres.” Particle and Fibre Toxicology 11 (1): 1–14.
   Google Scholar
• Zein, R., W. Sharrouf, and K. Selting. 2020. “Physical Properties of Nanoparticles That Result in Improved Cancer Targeting.” Journal of Oncology 2020: 5194780. doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5194780.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, J., X. Nie, Y. Ji, Y. Liu, X. Wu, C. Chen, X. Fang, et al. 2014. “Quantitative Biokinetics and Systemic Translocation of Various Gold Nanostructures are Highly Dependent on their Size and Shape.” Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 14 (6): 4124–4138. doi:https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2014.8274.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, X., D. Wu, X. Shen, P. Liu, F. Fan, and S. Fan. 2012. “ In Vivo Renal Clearance, Biodistribution, Toxicity of Gold Nanoclusters.” Biomaterials 33 (18): 4628–4638. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.03.020.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar