From marginal to marginalised: The inclusion of men who have sex with men in global and national AIDS programmes and policy

References

• Aggleton, P., & Parker, R. (2015). Moving beyond biomedicalization in the HIV response: Implications for community involvement and community leadership among men who have sex with men and transgender people. American Journal of Public Health, 105(8), 1552–1558. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302614
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• amfAR. (2006). An interview with Shivananda Khan –Standing up for MSM in South Asia. Bangkok: TREAT Asia.
   Google Scholar
• amfAR. (2011). MSM and the global HIV/AIDS epidemic: Assessing PEPFAR and looking forward. Washington, DC: American Foundation for AIDS Research.
   Google Scholar
• Avdeeva, O., Lazarus, J., Aziz, M. A., & Atun, R. (2011). The Global Fund's resource allocation decisions for HIV Programmes: Addressing those in need. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 14, 51–61. doi:10.1186/1758-2652-14-51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baral, S., Trapence, G., Motimedi, F., Umar, E., Iipinge, S., & Dausab, F. (2009). HIV prevalence, risks for HIV infection, and human rights among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Malawi, Namibia, and Botswana. PLoS ONE, 4(3), e4997. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0004997
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biehl, J. (2007). Will to live: AIDS therapies and the politics of survival. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Biruk, C. (2012). Seeing like a research project: Producing ‘high-quality data’ in AIDS research in Malawi. Medical Anthropology, 31(4), 347–366. doi:10.1080/01459740.2011.631960
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boellstorff, T. (2011). But do not identify as gay: A propleptic geneology of the MSM category. Cultural Anthropology, 26(2), 287–312. doi:10.1111/j.1548-1360.2011.01100.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boulton, M., & Weatherburn, P. (1990). Literature review on bisexuality and HIV transmission: Report commissioned by the social and behavioural research unit, global programme on AIDS, world health organization. Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Buckley, C. (2008). Myths, meanings, and measurement: Estimating HIV prevalence in the Southern Caucasus. Seattle, WA: National Council for Eurasian and East European Research.
   Google Scholar
• Carballo, M. (1990). WHO global programme on AIDS: Social and behavioural research. Disasters, 14(3), 276–281. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1990.tb01072.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carballo, M., Cleland, J., Carael, M., & Albrecht, G. (1989). A cross national study of patterns of sexual behaviour. Journal of Sex Research, 26(3), 287–299. doi:10.1080/00224498909551516
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Center for Global Development. (2009). Report of the UNAIDS leadership transition working group. Washington, DC: Center for Global Development.
   Google Scholar
• Chin, J., & Mann, J. M. (1988). The global patterns and prevalence of AIDS and HIV infection. AIDS, 2(suppl. 1), s247–s252. doi: 10.1097/00002030-198800001-00038
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chin, J., Sato, P. A., & Mann, J. M. (1990). Projections of HIV infection and AIDS cases to the year 2000. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 68(1), 1–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cleland, J. G., & Ferry, B. (1995). Sexual behavior and AIDS in the developing world. Bristol, PA: Taylor & Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Coxon, A. P. (1993, June). Results of WHO/GPA 7-nation homosexual response studies. Paper Presented at the International AIDS Conference, Berlin, Germany.
   Google Scholar
• Coxon, A. P., & Carballo, M. (1989). Research on AIDS: Behavioral perspectives. AIDS, 3, 191–198. doi: 10.1097/00002030-198904000-00001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coxon, A. P., Davies, P. M., Hunt, A. J., Weatherburn, P., McManus, T. J., & Rees, C. (1990). The structure of sexual behavior. Journal of Sex Research, 29(1), 61–83. doi: 10.1080/00224499209551634
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CPA. (1986). Global WHO strategy for the prevention and control of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Dowsett, G. (1989 May). ‘You'll never forget the feeling of safe sex!’ AIDS prevention strategies for gay and bisexual men in Sydney, Australia. Paper presented at the WHO/GPA Workshop on AIDS Health Promotion Activities Directed Towards Gay and Bisexual Men, Geneva, Switzerland.
   Google Scholar
• ECOSOC. (1995). Report of the committee of co-sponsoring organizations of the joint and co-sponsored United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (E/1995/71). Geneva: United Nations.
   Google Scholar
• Epprecht, M. (2008). Heterosexual Africa? the history of an idea from the age of exploration to the age of AIDS. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Esacove, A. (2010). Love matches: Heteronormativity, modernity, and AIDS prevention in Malawi. Gender & Society, 24(1), 83–109. doi:10.1177/0891243209354754
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finnemore, M. (1999). The politics, power and pathologies of international organizations. International Organization, 699–732. doi:10.1162/002081899551048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibbons, A. (1990, June 15). New head for the WHO global program on AIDS. Science, 248(4961), 1306–1307. doi: 10.1126/science.2356466
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Global Fund. (2007). Sixteenth board meeting, 12–13 November. Kunming, China: The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.
   Google Scholar
• Global Fund. (2009). The global fund strategy in relation to sexual orientation and gender identity. Geneva: The Global Fund to Fight HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.
   Google Scholar
• Godlee, F. (1994). The World Health Organization. The regions – too much power, too little effect. British Medical Journal, 309, 1566–1570. doi: 10.1136/bmj.309.6968.1566
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Government of Bangladesh. (2012). Country progress report: Bangladesh. Dhaka: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Malawi. (2012). 2012 Global AIDS response progress report: Malawi country report for 2010 and 2011. Lilongwe: Government of Malawi.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Malawi. (2015). Malawi AIDS response progress report 2015. Lilongwe: Government of Malawi.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Romania. (2010). UNGASS country progress report: Reporting period January 2008–December 2009. Bucharest: Government of Romania.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Romania. (2012). Country progress report on AIDS: Reporting period January 2010 – December 2011. Bucharest: Government of Romania.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Tuvalu. (2012). Global AIDS response progress reporting: Country progress report, January 2010–December 2011. Funafuti: Tuvalu National Aids Committee.
   Google Scholar
• GPA. (1988a). London declaration on AIDS prevention. Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• GPA. (1988b). Progress report number 4. Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• GPA. (1992a). 1991 Progress report. Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• GPA. (1992b). Informal consultation of interventions to prevent HIV transmission among behaviorally bisexual men. Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• GPA. (1997). Global programme on AIDS 1987–1995. Final report with emphasis on 1994–1995 Biennium. Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Hacking, I. (1990). The taming of chance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hafner-Burton, E. M., & Tsutsui, K. (2005). Human rights in a globalizing world: The paradox of empty promises. American Journal of Sociology, 110(5), 1373–1411. doi:10.1086/428442
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. (2012). Country progress report 2012. Kabul: Ministry of Public Health.
   Google Scholar
• Khan, S. (1997). Sex, secrecy, and shamefulness: Developing a sexual health response to the needs of males who have sex with males in Dhaka, Bangladesh. London: Naz Foundation International.
   Google Scholar
• Khan, S. (2009). Final report: Rapid assessment of male vulnerabilities to HIV and sexual exploitation in Afghanistan. London: Naz Foundation International.
   Google Scholar
• Mann, J. M. (1988). The global picture of AIDS: An address presented 12 June 1988 at the IV International Conference on AIDS. Stockholm, Sweden. Geneva: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Mann, J., & Kay, K. (1991). Confronting the pandemic: The World Health Organization's global programme on AIDS, 1986–1989. AIDS, 5(suppl. 2), s221–s229. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199101001-00031
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mann, J., Chin, J., Piot, P., & Quinn, T. (1988). The international epidemiology of AIDS. Scientific American, 259(4), 82–89. doi: 10.1038/scientificamerican1088-82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martucci, J. (2010). Negotiating exclusion: MSM, identity, and blood policy in the age of AIDS. Social Studies of Science, 40(2), 215–241. doi:10.1177/0306312709346579
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NSO. (2011). Malawi Demographic and Health Survey 2010. Zomba: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Orkin, A. (1990). Sixth International AIDS conference featured some notable absentees. Canadian Medical Asociation Journal, 143(5), 407–410.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker, R. G., & Carballo, M. (1990). Qualitative research on homosexual and bisexual behavior relevant to HIV/AIDS. Journal of Sex Research, 27(4), 497–525. doi:10.1080/00224499009551578
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker, R. G., Guimarães, C. D., & Struchiner, J. D. (1989, May). The impact of AIDS health promotion for gay and bisexual men in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Paper presented at the WHO/GPA Workshop on AIDS Health Promotion Activities Directed Towards Gay and Bisexual Men, Geneva, Switzerland.
   Google Scholar
• Parker, R. G., Herdt, G., & Carballo, M. (1991). Sexual culture, HIV transmission, and AIDS research. Journal of Sex Research, 28(1), 77–98. doi:10.1080/00224499109551596
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker, R., Khan, S., & Aggleton, P. (1998). Conspicuous by their absence? men who have sex with men (MSM) in developing countries: Implications for HIV prevention. Critical Public Health, 8(4), 329–346. doi:10.1080/09581599808402919
   Google Scholar
• PCB. (2005). Report of the NGO representative. Geneva: UNAIDS.
   Google Scholar
• PEPFAR. (2011). Technical guidance on combination HIV prevention for men who have sex with men. Washington, DC: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Shiffman, J. (2006). Donor funding priorities for communicable disease control in the developing world. Health Policy and Planning, 21(6), 411–420. doi:10.1093/heapol/czl028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treichler, P. (1999). How to have theory in an epidemic: Cultural chronicles of AIDS. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• UN. (2001a). Resolution adopted by the General Assembly: S-26/2. Declaration of commitment on HIV/AIDS: ‘Global Crisis – Global Action'. New York, NY: Author.
   Google Scholar
• UN. (2001b). United Nations system strategic plan for HIV/AIDS for 2001–2005. Geneva: Author.
   Google Scholar
• UNAIDS. (1998). AIDS and men who have sex with men: UNAIDS point of view. Geneva: Author.
   Google Scholar
• UNAIDS. (1999). The UNAIDS report. Geneva: Author.
   Google Scholar
• UNAIDS. (2000). AIDS and men who have sex with men: UNAIDS technical update. Geneva: Author.
   Google Scholar
• UNAIDS. (2001a). Global crisis –Global action: Reversing the HIV/AIDS epidemic: Critical issues. Geneva: Author.
   Google Scholar
• UNAIDS. (2001b). The global strategy framework on HIV/AIDS. Geneva: Author.
   Google Scholar
• UNAIDS. (2003). AIDS epidemic update: December 2003. Geneva: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS and the World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• US Congress. (2003). United States leadership against HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria act of 2003. Washington, DC: One Hundreth Eigth Congress of The United States of America.
   Google Scholar
• US Congress. (2008). Tom Lantos and Henry J. Hyde United States global leadership against HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria reauthorization act of 2008. Washington, DC: One Hundreth Tenth Congress of The United States of America.
   Google Scholar
• Watkins, S. C., Swidler, A., & Hannan, T. (2012). Outsourcing social transformation: Development NGOs as organizations. Annual Review of Sociology, 38, 285–315. doi:10.1146/annurev-soc-071881-145516
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO. (1992). The global AIDS strategy. Geneva: Author.
   Google Scholar
• WHO. (2002). Follow up on the United Nations general assembly special session on HIV/AIDS: Work of WHO. Geneva: Department of HIV/AIDS.
   Google Scholar
• Wirtz, A. L., Jumbe, V., Trapence, G., Kamba, D., Uman, E., Ketende, S., … Baral, S. D. (2013). HIV among men who have sex with men in Malawi: Elucidating HIV prevalence and correlates of infection to inform HIV prevention. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 16(4 Suppl. 3), 1–11. doi:10.7448/IAS.16.4.18742
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Young, R. M., & Meyer, I. H. (2005). The trouble with ‘MSM’ and ‘WSW’: Erasure of the sexual minority person in public health discourse. American Journal of Public Health, 95(7), 1144–1149. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.046714
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar