The globalisation strategies of five Asian tobacco companies: An analytical framework

References

• Assunta, M., & Chapman, S. (2004). ‘Clean cigarette’ for a clean nation: A case of Salem Pianissimo in Japan. Tobacco Control, 13(Suppl. II), ii58–ii62.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Assunta, M., & Chapman, S. (2006). Health treaty dilution: A case study of Japan’s influence on the language of the WHO framework convention on Tobacco control. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 60(9), 751–756. doi: 10.1136/jech.2005.043794
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids. (2015). The global cigarette industry. Washington, DC. Retrieved from http://global.tobaccofreekids.org/files/pdfs/en/Global_Cigarette_Industry_pdf
   Google Scholar
• Carter, S. (2005). Tobacco document research reporting. Tobacco Control, 14(6), 368–376. doi: 10.1136/tc.2004.010132
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collin, J., LeGresley, E., MacKenzie, R., Lawrence, S., & Lee, K. (2004). Complicity in contraband: British American tobacco and cigarette smuggling in Asia. Tobacco Control, 13 (Supp. II), ii96–ii111.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Connolly, G. (1991). Worldwide expansion of transnational tobacco industry. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 12, 29–35.
   Google Scholar
• Dicken, P. (2011). Global shift: Mapping the changing contours of the world economy (6th ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dunning, J. H. (1977). Trade, location of economic activity and the MNE: A search for an eclectic approach. In B. Ohlin, P. Hesselborn, & P. M. Wijkman (Eds.), The international allocation of economic activity (pp. 395–418). London: Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Dunning, J. H., & Lundan, S. M. (2008a). Multinational enterprises and the global economy (2nd ed.). London: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Dunning, J. H., & Lundan, S. M. (2008b). Institutions and the OLI paradigm of the multinational enterprise. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 25(4), 573–593. doi: 10.1007/s10490-007-9074-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eckhardt, J., Fang, J., & Lee, K. (2017). The Taiwan tobacco and liquor corporation: To ‘join the ranks of global companies’. Global Public Health. doi:10.1080/17441692.2016.1273366
   Google Scholar
• The Economist. (2014, May 31). Globalization: The fear factor – why Asian firms need to take on the world. Retrieved from http://www.economist.com/news/special-report/21602831-why-asian-firms-need-take-world-fear-factor
   Google Scholar
• Fang, J., Lee, K., & Sejpal, N. (2016). The China national tobacco corporation: From domestic to global dragon? Global Public Health. doi:10.1080/17441692.2016.1241293
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fooks, G., Gilmore, A., Smith, K., Collin, J., Holden, C., & Lee, K. (2011). Corporate social responsibility and access to policy élites: An analysis of tobacco industry documents. PLoS Medicine, 8(8), e1001076. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001076
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghobadian, A., Rugman, A. M., & Tung, R. L. (2014). Strategies for firm globalization and regionalization. British Journal of Management, 25(S1), S1–S5. doi: 10.1111/1467-8551.12045
   Google Scholar
• Gilmore, A., & McKee, M. (2004). Moving East: How the transnational tobacco industry gained entry to the emerging markets of the former Soviet Union-part I: Establishing cigarette imports. Tobacco Control, 13(2), 143–150. doi: 10.1136/tc.2003.005108
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammond, R. (1998). Consolidation in the tobacco industry. Tobacco Control, 7(4), 426–428. doi: 10.1136/tc.7.4.426
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkins, B., Holden, C., Eckhardt, J., & Lee, K. (2016). Reassessing policy paradigms: A comparison of the global tobacco and alcohol industries. Global Public Health. doi:10.1080/17441692.2016.1161815
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hirschhorn, N. (2004). Corporate social responsibility and the tobacco industry: Hope or hype? Tobacco Control, 13(4), 447–453. doi: 10.1136/tc.2003.006676
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hogg, S., Hill, S., & Collin, J. (2016) State-ownership of tobacco industry: A ‘fundamental conflict of interest’ or a ‘tremendous opportunity’ for tobacco control? Tobacco Control, 25, 367–372. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-052114
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holden, C., & Lee, K. (2009). Corporate power and social policy: The political economy of transnational tobacco companies. Global Social Policy, 9(3), 328–354. doi: 10.1177/1468018109343638
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Iida, K., & Proctor, R. (2004). Learning from Philip Morris: Japan tobacco’s strategies regarding evidence of tobacco health harms as revealed in internal documents from the American tobacco industry. Lancet, 363(9423), 1820–1824. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16310-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarman, H. (2014). The politics of trade and tobacco. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Joosens, L., & Gilmore, A. (2014). The transnational tobacco companies’ strategy to promote codentify, their inadequate tracking and tracing standard. Tobacco Control, 23(e1), e3–e6. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050796
   Google Scholar
• KT&G. (2015). Overview. Retrieved from http://en.ktng.com/overview
   Google Scholar
• Lee, K., & Collin, J. (2006). ‘Key to the future’: British American tobacco and cigarette smuggling in China. PLoS Medicine, 3(7), e228–e237. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030228
   Google Scholar
• Lee, K., & Eckhardt, J. (2017). The globalisation strategies of five Asian tobacco companies: A comparative analysis and implications for global health governance. Global Public Health. doi:10.1080/17441692.2016.1273370.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, K., Eckhardt, J., & Holden, C. (2016). Tobacco industry globalization and global health governance: Towards an interdisciplinary research agenda. Palgrave Communications, 2, 16037. doi:10.1057/palcomms.2016.37
   Google Scholar
• Lee, K., Gong, L., Eckhardt, J., Holden, C., & Lee, S. Y. (in press). KT&G: From Korean monopoly to ‘a global name in the tobacco industry’. Global Public Health.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, K., Kinh, H. V., MacKenzie, R., Gilmore, A., Minh, N. T., & Collin, J. (2008). Gaining access to Vietnam’s cigarette market: British American tobacco’s to enter a ‘huge market which will become enormous’. Global Public Health, 3(1), 1–25. doi: 10.1080/17441690701589789
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee, S. Y., Holden, C., & Lee, K. (2013). Are transnational tobacco companies’ market access strategies linked to economic development models? A case study of South Korea. Global Public Health, 8 (4), 435–448. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2012.758762
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeGresley, E., Lee, K., Muggli, M. E., Patel, P., Collin, J., & Hurt, R. D. (2008). British American tobacco and the “insidious impact of illicit trade” in cigarettes across Africa. Tobacco Control, 17(5), 339–346. doi: 10.1136/tc.2008.025999
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levitt, T. (1983). The globalization of markets. Harvard Business Review, 61(3), 92–102.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacKenzie, R., Eckhardt, J., & Prastyani, A. (2017). Japan tobacco international: To ‘be the most successful and respected tobacco company in the world’. Global Public Health. doi:10.1080/17441692.2016.1273368
   Google Scholar
• MacKenzie, R., Ross, H., & Lee, K. (2017). ‘Preparing ourselves to become an international organization’: Thailand tobacco monopoly’s regional and global strategies. Global Public Health. doi:10.1080/17441692.2016.1273369.
   Google Scholar
• Neary, P. J. (2008). Foreign direct investment: The OLI framework. In R. S. Rajan & K. A. Reinert (Eds.), Princeton encyclopedia of the world economy (pp. 472–477). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• North, D. C. (1994). Economic performance through time. American Economic Review, 84(3), 359–368.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng, M. W. (2009). Global business. Cincinnati, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.
   Google Scholar
• Roemer, R., Taylor, A., & Lariviere, J. (2005). Origins of the WHO framework convention on tobacco control. American Journal of Public Health, 95(6), 936–938. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2003.025908
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scholte, J. A. (2008). Defining globalization. The World Economy, 31(11), 1471–1502.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shepherd, P. (1985). Transnational corporations and the international cigarette industry. In R. Newfarmer (Ed.), Profits, progress and poverty. Case studies of international industries in Latin America (pp. 63–112). Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. 2015. World investment report. Geneva: Author. 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Warner, K. (2013). An endgame for tobacco? Tobacco Control, 22(Suppl. 1), i3–i5. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-050989
   Google Scholar
• Yach, D., & Bettcher, D. (1999). Globalization of tobacco marketing, research and industry influence: Perspectives, trends and impacts on human welfare. Development, 42(4), 25–30. doi: 10.1057/palgrave.development.1110078
   Google Scholar
• Yach, D., & Bettcher, D. (2000). Globalisation of tobacco industry influence and new global responses. Tobacco Control, 9(2), 206–216. doi: 10.1136/tc.9.2.206
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yach, D., Wipfli, H., Hammond, R., & Glantz, S. (2006). Globalization and tobacco. In I. Kawachi & S. Wamala (Eds.), Globalization and health (pp. 39–67). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Yip, G. S. (1989). Global strategy in a world of nations? Sloan Management Review, 31(1), 29–41.
   Google Scholar
• Zheng, W., McLerran, D., Rolland, B., Fu, Z., Boffetta, P., He, J. … Potter, J. D. (2014). Burden of total and cause-specific mortality related to tobacco smoking among adults aged ≥45 years in Asia: A pooled analysis of 21 cohorts. PLoS Medicine, 11(4), e1001631. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001631.
   Google Scholar