Superposed syn-metamorphic structures of the Alpine and pre-Alpine convergent cycles in the Southalpine basement of the Orobic Alps (Northern Italy)

References

• Albini, S., Battaglia, D., Bellini, G., Bigoni, E., Carminati, E., Ceriani, S., & Gosso, G. (1994). Alpine deformations and pre-Alpine remnants in the north-eastern Orobic Alps, Southalpine. Quaderni di Geodinamica Alpina e Quaternaria, 2, 25–39.
   Google Scholar
• Baletti, L., Zanoni, D., Spalla, M. I., & Gosso, G. (2012). Structural and petrographic map of the Sassa gabbro complex (Dent Blanche nappe, Austroalpine tectonic system, Western Alps, Italy). Journal of Maps, 8(4), 413–430. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17445647.2012.745678
   Google Scholar
• Bertotti, G., Siletto, G. B., & Spalla, M. I. (1993). Deformation and metamorphism associated with crustal rifting, Permian to Liassic evolution of the Lake Lugano-Lake Como area (Southern Alps). Tectonophysics, 226, 271–284. doi:10.1016/0040–1951(93)90122-Z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brack, P. (1981). Structures in the southwestern border of the Adamello intrusion (Alpi Bresciane). Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 61, 37–50.
   Google Scholar
• Brack, P. (1983). Multiple intrusions; examples from the Adamello Batholith (Italy) and their significance on the mechanisms of intrusion. Memorie della Sociertà Geologica Italiana, 26, 145–157.
   Google Scholar
• Cadel, G., Cosi, M., Pennacchioni, G., & Spalla, M. I. (1996). A new map of the Permo-Carboniferous cover and Variscan metamorphic basement in the Central Southern Alps – Italy. Structural and stratigraphic data. Memorie di Scienze Geologiche Padova, 48, 1–53.
   Google Scholar
• Callegari, E., & Brack, P. (2002). Geological map of the tertiary Adamello batholith (Northern Italy). Explanatory notes and legend. Memorie di Scienze Geologiche, 54, 19–49.
   Google Scholar
• Cardozo, N., & Allmendinger, R. W. (2013). Spherical projections with OSX Stereonet. Computers & Geosciences, 51, 193–205. doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2012.07.021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carminati, E., & Siletto, G. B. (1997). The effects of brittle-plastic transitions in basement-involved foreland belts: The Central Southern Alps case (N Italy). Tectonophysics, 280, 107–123. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0040–1951(97)00135–2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carminati, E., Siletto, G. B., & Battaglia, D. (1997). Thrust kinematics and internal deformation in basement-involved fold and thrust belts: The eastern Orobic Alps case (Central Southern Alps, Northern Italy). Tectonics, 16(2), 259–271. doi:10.1029/96TC03936
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cassinis, G., & Castellarin, A. (1988). Il significato delle linee della Gallinera e delle Giudicarie Sud nella geologia dell'Adamello e zone circostanti. Atti Ticinensi di Scienze della Terra, 31, 446–462.
   Google Scholar
• Cassinis, G., Dal Piaz, G. V., Eusebio, A., Gosso, G., Martinotti, G., Massari, M., & Zerbato, M. (1986). Report on a structural and sedimentological analysis in the Uranium province of the Orobic Alps, Italy. Uranium, 2, 241–260.
   Google Scholar
• Castellarin, A. (1979). Il problema dei raccorciamenti crostali nel Sudalpino. Rendiconti della Società Geologica Italiana, 1, 21–23.
   Google Scholar
• Castellarin, A., Cantelli, L., Fesce, A. M., Mercier, J. L., Picotti, V., Pini, G. A., & Selli, L. (1992). Alpine compressional tectonics in the Southern Alps. Relationships with the N-Appennines. Annales Tectonicae, 6, 62–94.
   Google Scholar
• D'Adda, P., Zanchi, A., Bergomi, M., Berra, F., Malusà, M. G., & Tunesi, A. (2011). Polyphase thrusting and dyke emplacement in the central Southern Alps. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 100, 1095–1113. doi:10.1007/s00531–010–0586–2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delleani, F., Spalla, M. I., Castelli, D., & Gosso, G. (2013). A new petro-structural map of the Monte Mucrone metagranitoids (Sesia-Lanzo Zone, Western Alps). Journal of Maps, 9, 410–424. doi:10.1080/17445647.2013.800004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Del Moro, A., Pardini, G., Quercioli, C., Villa, I. M., & Callegari, E. (1983). Rb/Sr and K/Ar chronology of Adamello granitoids, Southern Alps. Memorie della Società Geologica Italiana, 26, 285–299.
   Google Scholar
• Diella, V., Spalla, M. I., & Tunesi, A. (1992). Contrasted thermomechanical evolutions in the Southalpine metamorphic basement of the Orobic Alps (Central Alps, Italy). Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 10, 203–219. doi:10.1111/j.1525–1314.1992.tb00079.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Paola, S., & Spalla, M. I. (2004). Maps of foliation trajectories and metamorphic imprints: A tool to individuate tectono-metamorphic units in the Southalpine metamorphic basement. In G. Pasquarè, C. Venturini, & G. Groppelli (Eds.), Mapping Geology in Italy, A.P.A.T. (2006) (Vol. 1, pp. 305–312). Roma: APAT.
   Google Scholar
• Doglioni, C., & Bosellini, A. (1987). Eoalpine and Mesoalpine tectonics in the Southern Alps. Geologische Rundschau, 76, 735–754.
   Google Scholar
• England, P. C., & Thompson, A. B. (1984). Pressure–temperature-time paths of regional metamorphism I. Heat transfer during the evolution of regions of thickened continental crust. Journal of Petrology, 25, 894–928. doi:10.1093/petrology/25.4.894
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fantoni, R., Bersezio, R., Forcella, F., Gorla, L., Mosconi, A., & Picotti, V. (1999). New dating of the tertiary magmatic products of the central Southern Alps, bearings on the interpretation of the Alpine tectonic history. Memorie di Scienze Geologiche, 51(1), 47–61.
   Google Scholar
• Gaetani, M., & Jadoul, F. (1979). The structure of the Bergamasc Alps. Rendiconti Atti Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Serie, VIII(5), 411–416.
   Google Scholar
• Gansser, A., & Pantic, N. (1988). Prealpine events along the Eastern Insubric Line (Tonale Line, Northern Italy). Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 81, 567–77.
   Google Scholar
• Gosso, G., Siletto, G. B., & Spalla, M. I. (1997). H-T/L-P metamorphism and structures in the South-Alpine basement near Lake Como, Orobic Alps; intracontinental imprints of the Permo-Triassic rifting. Ofioliti, 22, 133–145.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gosso, G., Spalla, M. I., Siletto, G. B., Berra, F., Bini, A., & Forcella, F. (2012). Note illustrative della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000. Foglio 057 – Malonno. I.S.P.R.A. 01/2012, Regione Lombardia, 1–220.
   Google Scholar
• Hobbs, B. E., Means, W. D., & Williams, P. F. (1976). An outline of structural geology. New York, NY: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, S. E., & Duncan, A. C. (1992). Fault identification in complexly deformed schist terrains, examples from the USA and Australia. Tectonophysics, 216, 291–308. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040–1951(92)90402-R
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lardelli, T. (1981). Die Tonalelinie im unteren Veltlin (Ph.D. thesis). Zuerich: ETH.
   Google Scholar
• Lardeaux, J. M., & Spalla, M. I. (1990). Tectonic significance of P–T–t paths in metamorphic rocks: Examples from ancient and modern orogenic belts. Memorie della Società Geologica Italiana, 45, 51–69.
   Google Scholar
• Laubscher, H. P. (1985). Large-scale, thin-skinned thrusting in the Sothern Alps: Kinematic models. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 96, 710–718. doi:10.1130/0016–7606(1985)96
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marotta, A. M., Spalla, M. I., & Gosso, G. (2009). Upper and lower crustal evolution during lithospheric extension: Numerical modelling and natural footprints from the European Alps. Geological Society of London, Special Publications, 321, 33–72. doi:10.1144/SP321.3
   Google Scholar
• Mayer, A., Cortiana, G., Dal Piaz, G. V., Deloule, E., De Pieri, R., & Jobstraibizer, P. (2003). U-Pb single zircon ages of the Adamello batholith, Southern Alps. Memorie di Scienze Geologiche Padova, 55, 151–167.
   Google Scholar
• Milano, P. F., Pennacchioni, G., & Spalla, M. I. (1988). Alpine and pre-Alpine tectonics in the Central Orobic Alps (Southern Alps). Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 81, 273–293.
   Google Scholar
• Passchier, C. W., Myers, J. S., & Kröner, A. (1990). Field geology of high-grade gneiss terrains. Berlin: Springer Verlag. doi:10.1007/978–3–642–76013–6.
   Google Scholar
• Ramsay, J. G. (1967). Folding and fracturing of rocks. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Roda, M., & Zucali, M. (2008). Meso and microstructural evolution of the Mont Morion metaintrusive complex (Dent-Blanche nappe, Austroalpine domain, Valpelline, Western Italian Alps). Bollettino della Società Geologica Italiana (Italian Journal of Geoscience), 127, 1–19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salomon, W. (1901). Ueber neue geologische Aufnahmen der oestlichen Haelfte der Adamellogruppe. Sitzungsberichte der Königlich-Preußische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1, 170–185.
   Google Scholar
• Schaltegger, U., Brack, P. B., Ovtcharova, M., Peytcheva, I., Schoene, B., Stracke, A., & Bargossi, G. M. (2009). Zircon U, Pb, Th, and Hf isotopes record up to 700 kyrs of magma fractionation and crystallization in a composite pluton (Adamello batholith, N Italy). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 286, 208–218. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.06.028
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schoene, B., Schaltegger, U., Brack, P., Latkoczy, C., Stracke, A., & Gunther, D. (2012). Rates of magma differentiation and emplacement in a ballooning pluton recorded by U–Pb TIMS-TEA, Adamello batholith, Italy. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 355–356, 162–173. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2012.08.019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schönborn, G. (1992). Alpine tectonics and kinematic models of the Central Southern Alps. Memorie di Scienze Geologiche Padova, 44, 229–393.
   Google Scholar
• Siletto, G. B., Spalla, M. I., Tunesi, A., Lardeaux, J. M., & Colombo, A. (1993). Pre-Alpine structural and metamorphic histories in the Orobic Southern Alps, Italy. In J. F. v. Raumer & F. Neubauer (Eds.), Pre-mesozoic geology in the Alps (pp. 585–598). Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Spalla, M. I., Carminati, E., Ceriani, S., Oliva, A., & Battaglia, D. (1999). P–T path reconstruction in the pre-Alpine basement of central Southern Alps (Northern Italy). Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 17, 319–336. doi:10.1046/j.1525–1314.1999.00199.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spalla, M. I., & Gosso, G. (1999). Pre-Alpine tectono-metamorphic units in the central Southern Alps: Structural and metamorphic memory. Memorie di Scienze Geologiche Padova, 51, 221–229.
   Google Scholar
• Spalla, M. I., Siletto, G. B., Di Paola, S., & Gosso, G. (2000). The role of structural and metamorphic memory in the distinction of tectono-metamorphic units: The basement of the Como Lake in the Southern Alps. Journal of Geodynamics, 30, 191–204. doi:10.1016/S0264–3707(99)00033–2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spalla, M. I., Zanoni, D., Gosso, G., & Zucali, M. (2009). Extending the geologic memory of a Permian conglomerate of the Southern Alps by pebble P–T estimates. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 98, 203–226. doi:10.1007/s00531–007–0241–8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spalla, M. I., Zanoni, D., Marotta, A. M., Rebay, G., Roda, M., Zucali, M., & Gosso, G. (2014). The transition from Variscan collision to continental break-up in the Alps: Advice from the comparison between natural data and numerical model predictions. Geological Society of London, Special Publication, 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/SP405.11
   Google Scholar
• Spalla, M. I., Zucali, M., Di Paola, S., & Gosso, G. (2005). A critical assessment of the tectono-thermal memory of rocks and definition of tectono-metamorphic units: Evidence from fabric and degree of metamorphic transformations. Geological Society of London, Special Publication, 243, 227–247. doi:0.1144/GSL.SP.2005.243.01.16
   Google Scholar
• Turner, F. J., & Weiss, L. E. (1963). Structural analysis of metamorphic tectonites. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Williams, P. F. (1985). Multiply deformed terrains - problems of correlation. Journal of Structural Geology, 7, 269–280. doi:10.1016/0191–8141(85)90035–5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zanoni, D., Spalla, M. I., & Gosso, G. (2010). Vestiges of lost tectonic units in conglomerate pebbles? A test in Permian sequences of the Southalpine Orobic Alps. Geological Magazine, 147, 98–122. doi:10.1017/S0016756809990252
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zucali, M., Spalla, M. I., & Gosso, G. (2002). Fabric evolution and reaction rate as correlation tool: The example of the Eclogitic Micaschists complex in the Sesia-Lanzo Zone (Monte Mucrone – Monte Mars, Western Alps Italy). Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen, 82, 429–454.
   Google Scholar