1,694
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Science

Geology of the Saint-Marcel valley metaophiolites (Northwestern Alps, Italy)

, , , , , & show all
Pages 707-717 | Received 23 Dec 2015, Accepted 04 Jul 2017, Published online: 31 Jul 2017

References

  • Abbate, E., Bortolotti, V., & Principi, G. (1980). Apennines ophiolites: A peculiar oceanic crust. In G. Rocci (Ed.), Tethyan ophiolites, western area, Ofioliti (pp. 59–96) Special Issue, 1. Bologna: Pitagora Editrice.
  • Abbate, E., Bortolotti, V., & Principi, G. (1984). Pre-orogenic tectonics and metamorphism in Western Tethys ophiolites. Ofioliti, 9(3), 245–278.
  • Angiboust, S., Langdon, R., Agard, P., Waters, D., & Chopin, C. (2011). Eclogitization of the Monviso ophiolite (W. Alps) and implications on subduction dynamics. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 30, 37–71. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1314.2011.00951.x
  • Balestro, G., Festa, A., Dilek, Y., & Tartarotti, P. (2015). Pre-Alpine extensional tectonics of a peridotite-localized oceanic core complex in the Late Jurassic, high-pressure Monviso ophiolite (Western Alps). Episodes, 38(4), 266–282. doi: 10.18814/epiiugs/2015/v38i4/82421
  • Balestro, G., Festa, A., & Tartarotti, P. (2014). Tectonic significance of different block-in-matrix structures in exhumed convergent plate margins: Examples from oceanic and continental HP rocks in Inner Western Alps (northwest Italy). International Geology Review, 57(5–8), 581–605. doi: 10.1080/00206814.2014.943307
  • Balestro, G., Fioraso, G., & Lombardo, B. (2013). Geological map of the Monviso massif (Western Alps). Journal of Maps, 9(4), 623–634. doi: 10.1080/17445647.2013.842507
  • Bearth, P. (1967). Die Ophiolithe der Zone von Zermatt-Saas Fee, Mat. Carte géol. Suisse, NS, 132.
  • Bearth, P., & Schwander, H. (1981). The post-triassic sediments of the ophiolite zone Zermatt-Saas Fee and the associated manganese mineralization. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 74(1), 189–205.
  • Beltrando, M., Lister, G., Hermann, J., Forster, M., & Compagnoni, R. (2008). Deformation mode switches in the Penninic units of the Urtier Valley (Western Alps): Evidence for a dynamic orogen. Journal of Structural Geology, 30, 194–219. doi: 10.1016/j.jsg.2007.10.008
  • Benciolini, L., Lombardo, B., & Martin, S. (1988). Mineral chemistry and Fe/Mg exchange geothermometry of Ferrogabbro-derived eclogites from the Northwestern Alps. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie-Abhandlungen, 159, 199–222.
  • Brown, B. P., Essene, E. J., & Peacor, D. R. (1978). The mineralogy and petrology of Mn-rich rocks from St. Marcel, Piedmont, Italy. Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology, 67, 227–232. doi: 10.1007/BF00381450
  • Bucher, K., Fazis, Y., De Capitani C., & Grapes, R. (2005). Blueschists, eclogites, and decompression assemblages of the Zermatt-Saas ophiolite: High-pressure metamorphism of subducted Tethys lithosphere. American Mineralogist, 90, 821–835. doi: 10.2138/am.2005.1718
  • Campana, R. (1988). Studio geologico e strutturale dell’alta valle di Saint-Marcel (Aosta) (Unpublished master’s thesis). University of Padova, Italy.
  • Castelli, D. (1985). La Falda Piemontese alla base del margine sud-occidentale del lembo dell’Emilius, media Valle d’Aosta. Ofioliti, 10, 19–34.
  • Castelli, D., Compagnoni, R., Lombardo, B., Angiboust, S., Balestro, G., Ferrando, S., Groppo, C. & Rolfo, F. (2014). The Monviso meta-ophiolite Complex: HP metamorphism of oceanic crust and interactions with ultramafics. Paper presented at 10th international eclogite conference Crust mantle interactions during subduction of oceanic and continental crust., Courmayeur (Aosta, Italy), 2–10 September 2013, Geological Field Trip.
  • Castello, P. (1981). Inventario delle mineralizzazioni a magnetite, ferro-rame e manganese del complesso piemontese dei calcescisti con pietre verdi in Valle d’Aosta. Ofioliti, 6, 5–46.
  • Cesti, G. (1978). Il giacimento piritoso-cuprifero di Chuc-Servette presso St. Marcel (Aosta). Rev. Valdotaine d'Hist. naturelle, 32, 127–156.
  • Chiari, M., Marcucci, M., & Principi, P. (2000). The age of the radiolarian cherts associated with the ophiolites in the Apennines (Italy) and Corsica (France): A revision. Ofioliti, 25(2), 141–146.
  • Dal Piaz, G. V. (1965) La formazione mesozoica dei calcescisti con pietre verdi fra la Valsesia e la Valtournanche ed i suoi rapporti con il ricoprimento Monte Rosa e con la Zona Sesia-Lanzo. Bollettino della Società Geologica Italiana, 84, 67–104.
  • Dal Piaz, G. V., Cortiana, G., Del Moro, A., Martin, S., Pennacchioni, G., & Tartarotti, P. (2001). Tertiary age and paleostructural inferences of the eclogitic imprint in the Austroalpine outliers and Zermatt-Saas ophiolite, western Alps. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 90, 668–684. doi: 10.1007/s005310000177
  • Dal Piaz, G. V., & Ernst, W. G. (1978). Areal geology and petrology of eclogites and associated metabasites of the Piemonte Ophiolite Nappe, Breuil – St. Jacques area, Italian Western Alps. Tectonophysics, 51, 99–126. doi: 10.1016/0040-1951(78)90053-7
  • Dal Piaz, G. V., Lombardo, B., & Gosso, G. (1983). Metamorphic evolution of the Mt. Emilius klippe, Dent Blanche nappe, western Alps. American Journal of Science, 283A, 438–458.
  • Dal Piaz, G. V., Nervo, R., & Polino, R. (1979). Carta geologica del Lembo del Glacier-Rafray (Dent Blanche s.l.) scala 1:12.500. Centro di Studio sui problemi dell’orogeno delle Alpi Occidentali del C.N.R.
  • Dal Piaz, G. V., & Omenetto, P. (1978). Brevi note su alcune mineralizzazioni della Falda Piemontese in Valle d’Aosta. Ofioliti, 3, 161–176.
  • Dal Piaz, G. V., Pennacchioni, G., Tartarotti, P., Carraro, F, Gianotti, F., Monopoli, B., & Schiavo, A. (2010). Carta Geologica d’Italia, Foglio 091 Chatillon [ Geological Map of Italy, sheet 091 Chatillon]. Roma: ISPRA, Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale.
  • Decandia, F. A., & Elter, P. (1972). La zona ofiolitifera del Bracco nel settore compreso tra Levanto e la Val Graveglia (Appennino Ligure). Memorie - Società Geologica Italiana, 11, 503–530.
  • Deville, E., Fudral, S., Lagabrielle, Y., Marthaler, M., & Sartori, M. (1992). From oceanic closure to continental collision: A synthesis of the “Schistes lustrés” metamorphic complex of the Western Alps. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 104, 127–139. doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<0127:FOCTCC>2.3.CO;2
  • De Wever, P., & Caby, R. (1981). Datation de la base des Schistes lustrés post-ophiolitiques par des radiolaires (Oxfordien supéerieur-Kimmeridgien moyen) dans les Alpes Cottiennes (Saint Véran, France). Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Série II, 292, 467–472.
  • Dewey, J. F., Pitman, W. C. III, Ryan, W. B. F., & Bonnin, J. (1973). Plate tectonics and the evolution of the alpine system. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 84, 3137–3180. doi: 10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3137:PTATEO>2.0.CO;2
  • Elter, G. (1960). La zona pennidica dell’alta e media Valle d’Aosta e le Unità limitrofe. Memorie dell’Istituto di Geologia, Università di Padova, 22 pp.
  • Elter, G. (1971). Schistes lustrés et ophiolites de la zone piémontaise entre Orco et Doire Baltée (Alpes Graies) Hypothèses sur l’origine des ophiolites. Géologie Alpine, 47, 147–169.
  • Elter, G. (1987). Carte géologique de la Vallée d’Aoste, échelle 1:100.000 [ Geological Map of the Aosta Valley]. Roma: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche.
  • Festa, A., Balestro, G., Dilek, Y., & Tartarotti, P. (2015). A Jurassic oceanic core complex in the high-pressure Monviso ophiolite (western Alps, NW Italy). Lithosphere, doi: 10.1130/L458.1
  • Fontana, E., Panseri, M., & Tartarotti, P. (2008). Oceanic relict textures in the Mount Avic serpentinites, Western Alps. Ofioliti, 33(2), 105–118.
  • Fontana, E., Tartarotti, P., Panseri, M., & Buscemi, S. (2014). Geological map of the Mount Avic massif (Western Alps Ophiolites). Journal of Maps, 11(1), 126–135. doi: 10.1080/17445647.2014.959567
  • Frezzotti, M. L., Selverstone, J., Sharp, Z. D., & Compagnoni, R. (2011). Carbonate dissolution during subduction revealed by diamond-bearing rocks from the Alps. Nature Geoscience, 4, 703–706. doi: 10.1038/ngeo1246
  • Fudral, S., Deville, E., & Marthaler, M. (1987). Distinction de trois ensembles d’unités dans les “Schistes lustrés” compris entre la Vanoise et la Val de Suse (Alpes franco-italiennes septentrionales): Aspects lithostratigraphiques, paléogéographiques et géodynamiques. Comptes Rendus Acad. Sci. Paris, 305, 467–472.
  • Groppo, C., Beltrando, M., & Compagnoni, R. (2009). The P-T path of the ultra-high pressure Lago di Cignana and adjoining high-pressure meta-ophiolitic units: Insights into the evolution of the subducting Tethyan slab. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 27, 207–231. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1314.2009.00814.x
  • Kienast, J. R., & Pognante, U. (1988). Chloritoid-bearing assemblages in eclogitised metagabbros of the Lanzo peridotite body (western Italian Alps). Lithos, 21, 1–11. doi: 10.1016/0024-4937(88)90002-3
  • Krutow-Mozgawa, A. (1988). Metamorphisme eclogitique dans les sediments riches en fer ou magnesium de la couverture des ophiolites piemontaises (mine de Servette, Val d’Aoste) (Unpublished doctoral dissertation), University of Paris VI, France.
  • Lagabrielle, Y. (1981). Les schistes lustrés à ophiolites du Queyras (Alpes franco-italiennes): données nouvelles et precisions lithostratigraphiques. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences Paris, 292(II), 1405–1408.
  • Lagabrielle, Y. (1994). Ophiolites of the Southwestern Alps and the structure of the Tethyan oceanic lithosphere. Ofioliti, 19(2b), 413–434.
  • Lagabrielle, Y. (2009). Mantle exhumation and lithospheric spreading: An historical perspective from investigations in the oceans and in the Alps-Apennines ophiolites. Italian Journal of Geosciences (Boll. Soc. Geol. It.), 128(2), 279–293.
  • Lagabrielle, Y., & Cannat, M. (1990). Alpine Jurassic ophiolites resemble the modern central Atlantic basement. Geology, 18, 319–322. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1990)018<0319:AJORTM>2.3.CO;2
  • Lagabrielle, Y., & Polino, R. (1988). Un schéma structural du domaine des Schistes lustrés ophiolitifères au nord-ouest du massif du Mont Viso (Alpes Sud-Occidentales) et ses implications. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences, Série II, 306, 921–928.
  • Lagabrielle, Y., Vitale Brovarone, A., & Ildefonse, B. (2015). Fossil oceanic core complexes recognized in the blueschist metaophiolites of Western Alps and Corsica. Earth-Science Reviews, 141, 1–26. doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.11.004
  • Laubscher, H. P. (1971). The large-scale kinematics of the Western Alps and the Northern Apennines and its palinspastic implications. American Journal of Science, 271, 193–226. doi: 10.2475/ajs.271.3.193
  • Lemoine, M. (1971). Données nouvelles sur la série du Gondran prés de Briançon (Alpes Cotiennes): Réflexions sur les problèmes stratigraphique et paléogéographique de la zone piémontaise. Géologie Alpine, 47, 181–202.
  • Lemoine, M., Boillot, G., & Tricart, P. (1987). Ultramafic and gabbroic ocean floor of the Ligurian Tethys (Alps, Corsica, Apennine): in search of a genetic model. Geology, 15, 622–625. doi: 10.1130/0091-7613(1987)15<622:UAGOFO>2.0.CO;2
  • Lemoine, M., Marthaler, M., Caron, M., Sartori, M., Amaudric du Chaffaut, S., Dumont, T., … Tricart, P. (1984). Découverte de foraminifères planctoniques du Crétacé supérieur dans les Schistes lustrés du Queyras (Alpes occidentales). Conséquences paléogéographiques et tectoniques. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences, 299, 727–732.
  • Lombardo, B., Nervo, R., Compagnoni, R., Messiga, B., Kienast, J.-R., Mével, C., … Lanza, R. (1978). Osservazioni preliminari sule ofioliti metamorfiche del Monviso (Alpi Occidentali). Rendiconti della Società Geologica Italiana di Mineralogia e Petrologia, 34, 253–305.
  • Lorenzini, C. (1998). Le antiche miniere della Valle d'Aosta. Aosta: Musumeci Editore.
  • Manatschal, G., & Müntener, O. (2009). A type sequence across an ancient magma-poor ocean-continent transition: The example of the western Alpine Tethys ophiolites. Tectonophysics, 473, 4–19. doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2008.07.021
  • Manatschal, G., Sauter, D., Karpoff, A. M., Masini, E., Mohn, G., & Lagabrielle, Y. (2011). The Chenaillet Ophiolite in the French/Italian Alps: An ancient analogue for an oceanic core complex? Lithos, 124, 169–184. doi: 10.1016/j.lithos.2010.10.017
  • Marroni, M., Monechi, S., Perilli, N., Principi, G., & Treves, B. (1992). Late cretaceous flysch deposits of the Northern Apennines, Italy: Age of inception of orogenesis-controlled sedimentation. Cretaceous Research, 13, 487–504. doi: 10.1016/0195-6671(92)90013-G
  • Marthaler, M. (1984). Géologie des unités pennique entre le Val d’Anniviers et la Val de Tourtemagne (Valais, Suisse). Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 77(2), 395–448.
  • Martin, S., Godard, G., & Rebay, G. (2004). Walking on a Palaeo Ocean Floor. The Subducted Tethys in the Western Alps – an excursion guide. In M. Beltrando, G. Lister, J. Ganne, & A. Boullier (Eds.), Evolution of the western Alps: Insights from metamorphism, structural geology, tectonics and geochronology, Journal of the Virtual Explorer, Electronic Edition, ISSN 1441-8142, Vol. 16, Paper 2. doi: 10.3809/jvirtex.2004.00101
  • Martin, S., & Kienast, J.-R. (1987). The HP-LT manganiferous quartzites of Praborna, Piemonte ophiolite nappe, Italian Western Alps. Schweizerische Mineralogische Petrographische Mitteilungen, 67, 339–360.
  • Martin, S., Rebay, G., Kienast, J.-R., & Mével., C. (2008). An eclogitised oceanic palaeo-hydrothermal field from the St. Marcel Valley (Italian Western Alps). Ofioliti, 33(1), 49–63.
  • Martin, S., & Tartarotti, P. (1989). Polyphase HP metamorphism in the ophiolitic glaucophanites of the lower St. Marcel Valley (Aosta, Italy). Ofioliti, 14, 135–156.
  • Martin, S., Tartarotti, P., & Dal Piaz, G. V. (1994). The Mesozoic Ophiolites of the Alps: A review. Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica e Applicata, 36, 175–219.
  • Martin-Vernizzi, S. (1982). La mine de Praborna (Val d’Aoste, Italie): une série manganesifère metamorphisée dans la facies eclogite (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Paris VI, France.
  • Mottana, A. (1986). Blueschist-facies metamorphism of manganiferous cherts: A review of the Alpine occurrences. Geological Society of the American Bulletin, 164, 267–300. doi: 10.1130/MEM164-p267
  • Nadeau, S., Philippot, P., & Pineau, F. (1993). Fluid inclusion and mineral isotopic compositions (H-C-O) in eclogitic rocks as tracers of local fluid migration during high-pressure metamoprhism. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 114, 431–448. doi: 10.1016/0012-821X(93)90074-J
  • Novo, M., Accotto, S., Nervo, R., & Pognante, U. (1989). Jadeite-quartz bearing metatrondhjemites from the Mt. Nero ophiolitic eclogites, Champorcher Valley (North-Western Alps). Ofioliti, 14(1/2), 57–62.
  • Paganelli, E., Compagnoni, R., Nervo, R., & Tallone S. (1994). Il lembo Austroalpino di Eaux Rousses e le sue relazioni con la Zona Ofiolitica Piemontese nell’alta Valle di Cogne, Valle d’Aosta meridionale. In R. Polino & R. Sacchi (Eds.), Atti del Convegno Alpi-Appennino (pp. 335–348). Peveragno, CN: 31 maggio-1 giugno 1994, Accademia Nazionale delle Scienze detta dei XL.
  • Panseri, M., Fontana, E., & Tartarotti, P. (2008). Evolution of rodingitic dykes: Metasomatism and metamorphism in the Mount Avic serpentinites (Alpine ophiolites, southern Aosta Valley). Ofioliti, 33(2), 165–185.
  • Pennacchioni, G. (1991). Evoluzione strutturale del M. Emilius (Austroalpino, Alpi occidentali). Rendiconti della Società Geologica Italiana, 14, 97–100.
  • Pognante, U., & Kienast, J.-R. (1987). Blueschist and eclogite transformations in Fe-Ti gabbros: A case study from the Western Alps. Journal of Petrology, 28(2), 271–292. doi: 10.1093/petrology/28.2.271
  • Polino, R., Dal Piaz, G. V., & Gosso, G. (1990). Tectonic erosion at the Adria margin and accretionary processes for the Cretaceous orogeny of the Alps. Mémoire de la Société Géologique de France, N. 156, 345–367.
  • Polino, R., & Lemoine, M. (1984). Détritisme mixte d’origine continentale et océanique dans les sédiments jurassico-crétecés supra-ophiolitiques de la Téthys ligure: la série du Lago Nero (Alpes Occidentales franco-italiennes). Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Série II, 298, 359–364.
  • Prosio, P. (1903). L'eau verte de Saint-Marcel. Bulletin de la Societé de la Flore valdotaine, 2, 76–78.
  • Rebay, G., & Powell, R. (2012). Eclogite-facies sea-floor hydrothermally-altered rocks: Calculated phase equilibria for an example from the Western Alps at Servette. Ofioliti, 37(1), 55–63.
  • Reinecke, T. (1998). Prograde high- to ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism and exhumation of oceanic sediments at Lago di Cignana, Zermatt-Saas Zone, Western Alps. Lithos, 42, 147–189. doi: 10.1016/S0024-4937(97)00041-8
  • Robilant, S. B. Nicolis de (1786-87). Description particuliere du Duche d'Aoste, suivi d'un essai sur deux minieres des anciens romains, et d'un supplement a la theorie des montagnes et des mines. Memoires de Academie r. des Sciences [de Turin], II, 245–274.
  • Rolfo, F., Benna, P., Cadoppi, P., Castelli, D., Favero-Longo, S.E., Giardno, M … Rossetti, P. (2015). The Monviso Massif and the Cottian Alps as symbols of the Alpine chain and geological heritage in Piemonte, Italy. Geoheritage, 7, 65–84. doi: 10.1007/s12371-014-0097-9
  • Saint-Martin de La Motte, comte de (1784-85). La fontaine verte de St. Marcel dans la vallee d'Aoste. Memoires de I'Acad. r. des Sciences [de Turin], II, 1–12.
  • de Saussure, H.-B. (1779-96). Voyages dans les Alpes, precedes d'un essai sur I'histoire naturelle des environs de Geneve. S. Fauche, Neuchatel, 4, 454–460.
  • Selverstone, J., & Sharp, Z. D. (2013). Chlorine isotope constraints on fluid-rock interactions during subduction and exhumation of the Zermatt-Saas ophiolite. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 14(10), doi: 10.1002/ggge.20269
  • Siivola, J., & Schmid, R. (2007). List of mineral abbreviation. In D. Fettes & J. Desmonds (Eds.), Metamorphic Rocks. A classification and glossary of terms (pp. 93–110). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Tartarotti, P. (1988). Le ofioliti piemontesi nella media e bassa valle di St. Marcel (Aosta), (Unpublished doctoral dissertation), University of Padova, Italy.
  • Tartarotti, P., & Caucia, F. (1993). Coexisting cummingtonite-sodic amphibole pair in metaquartzites from the ophiolite’s sedimentary cover (St. Marcel Valley, Italian Western Alps): A X-ray structure refinement and petrology study. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Abhandlungen, 165(3), 223–243.
  • Tartarotti, P., Festa, A., Benciolini, L., & Balestro, G. (2015). Fossil mantle-sediments interface recognized in the Western Alps metaophiolites: A key to unravel the accretion mechanism of the Jurassic Tethys ocean. Rendiconti Online della Società Geologica Italiana, 37, 68–71. doi: 10.3301/ROL.2015.179
  • Tartarotti, P., Martin, S., & Polino, R. (1986). Geological data about the ophiolitic sequences in the St. Marcel Valley (Aosta Valley). Ofioliti, 11(3), 343–346.
  • Tricart, P., & Lemoine, M. (1991). The Queyras ophiolite West of Monte Viso (Western Alps): indicator of a peculiar ocean floor in the Mesozoic Tethys. Journal of Geodynamics, 13, 163–181. doi: 10.1016/0264-3707(91)90037-F
  • Tumiati, S., Casartelli, P., Mambretti, A., Martin, S., Frizzo, P. & Rottoli, M. (2005). The ancient mine of Servette (Saint-Marcel, Val d’Aosta, Western Alps): A mineralogical, metallurgical and charcoal analysis of furnace slags. Archeometry, 47(2), 317–340. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-4754.2005.00204.x
  • Tumiati, S., Godard, G., Martin, S., Malaspina, N., & Poli, S. (2015). Ultra-oxidized rocks in subduction mélange? Decoupling between oxygen fugacity and oxygen availability in a Mn-rich metasomatic environment. Lithos, 226, 116–130. doi: 10.1016/j.lithos.2014.12.008
  • Tumiati, S., Godard, G., Masciocchi, N., Martin, S., & Monticelli, D. (2008). Environmental factors controlling the precipitation of Cu-bearing hydrotalcite-like compounds from mine waters. The case of the “Eve verda” spring (Aosta Valley, Italy). European Journal of Mineralogy, 20, 73–94. doi: 10.1127/0935-1221/2008/0020-1782
  • Tumiati, S., Martin, S., & Godard, G. (2010). Hydrothermal origin of manganese in the high-pressure ophiolite metasediments of Praborna ore deposit (Aosta Valley, Western Alps). European Journal of Mineralogy, 22, 577–594. doi: 10.1127/0935-1221/2010/0022-2035
  • Usui, A., & Someya, M. (1997). Distribution and composition of marine hydrogenetic and hydrothermal manganese deposits in the northwest Pacific. Geological Society of London, Special Publications, 119, 177–198. doi: 10.1144/GSL.SP.1997.119.01.12
  • Vitale Brovarone, A., Picatto, M., Beyssac, O., Lagabrielle, Y., & Castelli, D. (2014). The blueschist-eclogite transition in the Alpine chain: P-T paths and the role of slow-spreading extensional structures in the evolution of HP-LT mountain belts. Tectonophysics, 615-616, 96–121. doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2014.01.001