Anaphylaxis: epidemiology, aetiology and relevance for the clinic

References

• Muraro A, Roberts G, Worm M, et al. on behalf of the EAACI Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Guidelines Group. Anaphylaxis: guidelines from the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. Allergy. 69(8). Version of Record online: 2014 Jun 9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simons FER, Ardusso LRF, Bilo MB, et al. World Allergy Organization guidelines for the assessment and management of anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127:587–593.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Working Group of the Resuscitation Council (UK). Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions guidelines for healthcare providers. 2008 Jan [updated 2016]. Available from: https://www.resus.org.uk/anaphylaxis/emergency-treatment-of-anaphylactic-reactions/
   Google Scholar
• Johansson SGO, Bieber T, Dahl R, et al. A revised nomenclature for allergy for global use: report of the Nomenclature Review Committee of World Allergy Organization. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004;113:832–836.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muraro A, Roberts G, Clark A, et al.; EAACI Task Force on Anaphylaxis in Children. The management of anaphylaxis in childhood: position paper of the European academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology. Allergy. 2007;62(8):857–871.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee JK, Vadas P. Anaphylaxis: mechanisms and management. Clin Exp Allergy. 2011 Jul;41(7):923–938. PMID 21668816.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ring J, Behrendt H, de Weck A. History and classification of anaphylaxis. Chem Immunol Allergy. 2010;95:1–11. ISBN 978-3-8055-9441-7. PMID 20519878.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Soar J, Pumphrey R, Cant A, et al. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions–guidelines for healthcare providers. Resuscitation. 2008;77:157–169.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheikh A. Emergency management of anaphylaxis: current pharmacotherapy and future directions. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2013 May;14(7):827–830. Epub 2013 Mar 19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sampson HA, Munoz-Furlong A, Campbell RL, et al. Second symposium on the definition and management of anaphylaxis: summary report – Second National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease/Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network Symposium. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006;117:391–397.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Simons FE, Sheikh A. Evidence based management of anaphylaxis. Allergy. 2007;62:827–829.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieberman P, Camargo CA Jr, Bohlke K, et al. Epidemiology of anaphylaxis: findings of the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Epidemiology of Anaphylaxis Working Group. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2006 Nov;97(5):596–602.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panesar SS, Javad S, de Silva D, et al.; EAACI Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Group. The epidemiology of anaphylaxis in Europe: a systematic review. Allergy. 2013 Nov;68(11):1353–1361. Epub 2013 Oct 14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheikh A, Hippisley-Cox J, Newton J, et al. Trends in national incidence, lifetime prevalence and adrenaline prescribing for anaphylaxis in England. J R Soc Med. 2008;101:139–143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheikh A, Alves B. Hospital admissions for acute anaphylaxis: time trend study. BMJ. 2000 May 27;320(7247):1441–1441. PMC27386.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma L, Danoff TM, Borish L. Case fatality and population mortality associated with anaphylaxis in the United States. JACI. 2014 Apr;133(4):1075–1083.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mullins RJ, Dear KB, Tang ML. Time trends in Australian hospital anaphylaxis admissions in 1998-1999 to 2011-2012. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015 Aug;136(2):367–375. Epub 2015 Jul 14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koplin JJ, Martin PE, Allen KJ. An update on epidemiology of anaphylaxis in children and adults. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Oct;11(5):492–496.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner PJ, Gowland MH, Sharma V, et al. Increase in anaphylaxis-related hospitalizations but no increase in fatalities: an analysis of United Kingdom national anaphylaxis data, 1992-2012. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015;135:956–963.e1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mullins RJ. Anaphylaxis: risk factors for recurrence. Clin Exp Allergy. 2003 Aug;33(8):1033–1040.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Last JM, editor. A dictionary of epidemiology. 4th ed. New York (NY): Oxford University Press; 2000.
   Google Scholar
• Alves B, Sheikh A. Age specific aetiology of anaphylaxis. Arch Dis Child. 2001 Oct;85(4):348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieberman P. Epidemiology of anaphylaxis. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;8:316–320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quirce S, Fiandor A. How should occupational anaphylaxis be investigated and managed? Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016 Apr;16(2):86–92.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nwaru BI, Hickstein L, Panesar SS, et al. and on behalf of the EAACI Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Guidelines Group. Prevalence of common food allergies in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy. 2014 Aug;69(8):992–1007. Epub 2014 May 10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Golden DB. Anaphylaxis to insect stings. Immunol Allergy Clin N Am. 2015;35(2):287–302.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Novembre E, Cianferoni A, Bernardini RA, et al. Epidemiology of insect venom sensitivity in children and its correlation to clinical and atopic features. Clin Exp Allergy. 1998;28:834–838.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lockey RF. Anaphylaxis: synopsis posted. 2012 Sep [updated; originally posted 2004 Jul]. Available form: http://www.worldallergy.org/professional/allergic_diseases_center/anaphylaxis/anaphylaxissynopsis.php
   Google Scholar
• Dhami S, Panesar SS, Roberts G, et al.; EAACI Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Guidelines Group. Management of anaphylaxis: a systematic review. Allergy. 2014 Feb;69(2):168–175. Epub 2013 Nov 20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shadick NA, Liang MH, Partridge AJ, et al. The natural history of exercise-induced anaphylaxis: survey results from a 10-year follow-up study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 Jul;104(1):123–127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worm M, Babina M, Hompes S. Causes and risk factors for anaphylaxis. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2013 Jan;11(1):44–50. Epub 2012 Nov 26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kastner M, Harada L, Waserman S. Gaps in anaphylaxis management at the level of physicians, patients, and the community: a systematic review of the literature. Allergy. 2010;65:435–444.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alrasbi M, Sheikh A. Comparison of international guidelines for the emergency medical management of anaphylaxis. Allergy. 2007;62:838–841.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pumphrey RSH. Lessons for management of anaphylaxis from a study of fatal reactions. Clin Exp Allergy. 2000;30:1144–1150.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheikh A, Shehata YA, Brown SG, et al. Adrenaline (epinephrine) for the treatment of anaphylaxis with and without shock. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Oct 8;(4):CD006312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheikh A, Ten Broek V, Brown SGA, et al. H1-antihistamines for the treatment of anaphylaxis: Cochrane systematic review. Allergy. 2007;62:830–837.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choo KJL, Simons FER, Sheikh A. Glucocorticoids for the treatment of anaphylaxis. Cochrane Database Syst Review. 2012;4:CD007596.
   Google Scholar
• Tole JW, Lieberman P. Biphasic anaphylaxis: review of incidence, clinical predictors, and observation recommendations. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2007;27:309–326.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epipen demonstration video Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kv8ORR75UZE
   Google Scholar
• Jext demonstration video Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3dm8kleUUXo
   Google Scholar
• Kemp SF. Current concepts in pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of anaphylaxis. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2001;21:611–634.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kemp SF, Lockey RF. Anaphylaxis: a review of causes and mechanisms. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002;110:341–348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters. The diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998;101:S465–S527.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dhami S, Zaman H, Varga EM, et al. Allergen immunotherapy for insect venom allergy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy. 2017 Mar;72(3):342–365. doi: 10.1111/all.13077. Epub 2017 Jan 25.
   Google Scholar
• Nurmatov U, Dhami S, Arasi S, et al. Allergen immunotherapy for IgE-mediated food allergy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy. 2017 May 11. doi: 10.1111/all.13201. [Epub ahead of print]
   Google Scholar
• Oude Elberink JN, De Monchy JG, Van Der Heide S, et al. Venom immunotherapy improves health-related quality of life in patients allergic to yellow jacket venom. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002 Jul;110(1):174–182.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar