Examining the autoimmune aspects of frontal fibrosing alopecia

References

• Kossard S, Lee MS, Wilkinson B. Postmenopausal frontal fibrosing alopecia: a frontal variant of lichen planopilaris. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1997;36(1):59–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerkemeyer KLS, Eisman S, Bhoyrul B, et al. Frontal fibrosing alopecia. Clin Dermatol. 2021;39(2):183–193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iorizzo M, Tosti A. Frontal fibrosing alopecia: an update on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and Treatment. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2019;20(3):379–390.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Starace M, Orlando G, and Alessandrini A, et al., Diffuse variants of scalp lichen planopilaris: clinical, trichoscopic, and histopathologic features of 40 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020;83(6):1659–1667.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porrino-Bustamante ML, Fernandez-Pugnaire MA, and Arias-Santiago S. Frontal fibrosing alopecia: a review. J Clin Med. 2021;10(9):1805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia-Robledo JE, Aragon CC, and Nieto-Aristizabal I, et al. Frontal fibrosing alopecia: a new autoimmune entity? Med Hypotheses. 2019;124:13–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aragon CC, Ruiz-Ordonez I, Nieto-Aristizabal I, et al. Letter to the editor: frontal fibrosing alopecia: an autoimmune manifestation? Autoimmun Rev. 2021;20(2):102728.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma SA, Imadojemu S, Beer K, et al. Inflammatory features of frontal fibrosing alopecia. J Cutan Pathol. 2017;44(8):672–676.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell V, McKenna K. Facial papules of frontal fibrosing alopecia – response to oral isotretinoin. Dermatol Ther. 2020;33(6):e14274.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pirmez R, Barreto T, Duque-Estrada B, et al. Facial papules in frontal fibrosing alopecia: beyond vellus hair follicle involvement. Skin Appendage Disord. 2018;4(3):145–149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pedrosa AF, Duarte AF, Haneke E, et al. Yellow facial papules associated with frontal fibrosing alopecia: a distinct histologic pattern and response to isotretinoin. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;77(4):764–766.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakamura M, Tokura Y. Expression of Snail1 in the fibrotic dermis of postmenopausal frontal fibrosing alopecia: possible involvement of an epithelial-mesenchymal transition and a review of the Japanese patients. Br J Dermatol. 2010;162(5):1152–1154.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan GE, Harris JE, and Richmond JM. Resident memory T cells in autoimmune skin diseases. Front Immunol. 2021;12:652191.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karnik P, Tekeste Z, McCormick TS, et al. Hair follicle stem cell-specific PPARgamma deletion causes scarring alopecia. J Invest Dermatol. 2009;129(5):1243–1257.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Photiou L, Nixon RL, Tam M, et al. An update of the pathogenesis of frontal fibrosing alopecia: what does the current evidence tell us? Australas J Dermatol. 2019;60(2):99–104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaspar NK. DHEA and frontal fibrosing alopecia: molecular and physiopathological mechanisms. An Bras Dermatol. 2016;91(6):776–780.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tziotzios C, Petridis C, Dand N, et al. Genome-wide association study in frontal fibrosing alopecia identifies four susceptibility loci including HLA-B*07:02. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):1150.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Aldoori N, Dobson K, and Holden CR, et al. Frontal fibrosing alopecia: possible association with leave-on facial skin care products and sunscreens; a questionnaire study. Br J Dermatol. 2016;175(4):762–767.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fonseca HP, Scapinelli A, Aoki T, et al. Androgen deficiency in women. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2010;56(5):579–582.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seegobin SD, Tziotzios C, Stefanato CM, et al. Frontal fibrosing alopecia: there is no statistically significant association with leave-on facial skin care products and sunscreens. Br J Dermatol. 2016;175(6):1407–1408.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cranwell WC, Sinclair R. Sunscreen and facial skincare products in frontal fibrosing alopecia: a case-control study. Br J Dermatol. 2019;180(4):943–944.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noakes R. Frontal fibrosing alopecia. An example of disrupted aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated immunological homeostasis in the skin? Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2020;13:479–484.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doche I, Pagliari C, Hordinsky MK, et al. Overexpression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in frontal fibrosing alopecia and lichen planopilaris: a potential pathogenic role for dioxins?: an investigational study of 38 patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2020;34(7):e326–e9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson G, McMichael A, Wang SQ, et al. Sunscreen and frontal fibrosing alopecia: a review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020;82(3):723–728.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Navarro-Triviño FJ. Allergic contact dermatitis from shellac in an ecological hair spray occurring in a patient with frontal fibrosing alopecia. Contact Dermatitis. 2022;86(6):544–545.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pastor-Nieto MA, Gatica-Ortega ME, Sanchez-Herreros C, et al. Sensitization to benzyl salicylate and other allergens in patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia. Contact Dermatitis. 2021;84(6):423–430.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rojas-Villarraga A, Amaya-Amaya J, Rodriguez-Rodriguez A, et al. Introducing polyautoimmunity: secondary autoimmune diseases no longer exist. Autoimmune Dis. 2012;2012:254319.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grassi S, Tadiotto Cicogna G, Magri F, et al. Frontal fibrosing alopecia and genital Lichen sclerosus: single-center experience. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021;20(2):615–620.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pindado-Ortega C, Saceda-Corralo D, Moreno-Arrones ÓM, et al. Effectiveness of dutasteride in a large series of patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia in real clinical practice. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021;84(5):1285–1294.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panchaprateep R, Ruxrungtham P, Chancheewa B, et al. Clinical characteristics, trichoscopy, histopathology and treatment outcomes of frontal fibrosing alopecia in an Asian population: a retro-prospective cohort study. J Dermatol. 2020;47(11):1301–1311.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vañó-Galván S, Molina-Ruiz AM, Serrano-Falcón C, et al. Frontal fibrosing alopecia: a multicenter review of 355 patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;70(4):670–678.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang CC, Khanna T, and Sallee B. Tofacitinib for the treatment of lichen planopilaris: a case series. Dermatol Ther. 2018;31(6):e12656.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deeks ED. Anifrolumab: first approval. Drugs. 2021;81(15):1795–1802.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar