Stability and Stability Operations: Definitions, Drivers, ApproachesFootnote^†

† The papers included in this Special Issue originated from a workshop held at the University of Trento on 2–3 February 2018, titled ‘Low Expectations? Stabilization and Stability Operations as the “New Normal” in International Interventions’.

References

• Bellamy, A. J. (2015). The responsibility to protect turns ten. Ethics & International Affairs, 29(2), 161–185. doi: 10.1017/S0892679415000052
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belloni, R. (2017). Stabilization: Rethinking intervention in weak and fragile states. In S. Lucarelli, A. Marrone, & F. N. Moro (Eds.), Projecting stability in an unstable world (pp. 12–24). Brussels: NATO, Università di Bologna, Istituto Affari Internazionali.
   Google Scholar
• Belloni, R., & Costantini, I. (2019). From liberal statebuilding to counterinsurgency and stabilization: The International intervention in Iraq. Ethnopolitics. doi: 10.1080/17449057.2019.1640964
   Google Scholar
• Berdal, M. (2019). NATO’s landscape of the mind: Stabilisation and statebuilding in Afghanistan. Ethnopolitics. doi: 10.1080/17449057.2019.1640508
   Google Scholar
• Björkdahl, A., & Höglund, K. (2013). Precarious peacebuilding: Friction in global-local encounters. Peacebuilding, 1(3), 289–299. doi: 10.1080/21647259.2013.813170
   Google Scholar
• Bove, V., & Ruggeri, A. (2016). Kinds of blue: Diversity in UN peacekeeping missions and civilian protection. British Journal of Political Science, 46(3), 681–700. doi: 10.1017/S0007123415000034
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, J., O’Hanlon, M., & Shapiro, J. (2009, May). Assessing counterinsurgency and stability missions. Washington, DC: Foreign Policy at Brookings.
   Google Scholar
• Cederman, L. E., & Gleditsch, K. S. (2009). Introduction to special issue on ‘disaggregating civil war’. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 53(4), 487–495. doi: 10.1177/0022002709336454
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costalli, S., & Moro, F. N. (2019). Political transitions and macro-level foundations of political stability. Ethnopolitics. doi: 10.1080/17449057.2019.1640504
   Google Scholar
• Curran, D., & Holtom, P. (2015). Resonating, rejecting, reinterpreting: Mapping the stabilization discourse in the United Nations Security Council, 2000–14. Stability: International Journal of Security and Development, 4(1), 1–18.
   Google Scholar
• de Coning, C. (2017). Peace enforcement in Africa: Doctrinal distinctions between the African Union and United Nations. Contemporary Security Policy, 38(1), 145–160. doi: 10.1080/13523260.2017.1283108
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Coning, C., Aoi, C., & Karlsrud, J. (Eds.). (2017). UN peacekeeping doctrine in a new era: Adapting to stabilisation, protection and new threats. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• de Coning, C., Gelot, L., & Karlsrud, J. (Eds.). (2016). The future of African peace operations: From the Janjaweed to Boko Haram. London: Zed Books Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Department of the Army (US DoA). (2008). Stability operations. Washington, DC: Field Manual, 3–07.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission and HR. (2015, 18 November). Review of the European neighborhood policy. Joint Communication to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, JOIN(2015) 50 final, Brussels.
   Google Scholar
• Foot, R. (2014). ‘Doing some things’ in the Xi Jinping era: The United Nations as China’s venue of choice. International Affairs, 90(5), 1085–1100. doi: 10.1111/1468-2346.12158
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fukuyama, F. (2014). Political order and political decay: From the industrial revolution to the globalization of democracy. London: Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Gerring, J. (1999). What makes a concept good? A criterial framework for understanding concept formation in the social sciences. Polity, 31(3), 357–393. doi: 10.2307/3235246
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon, S. (2010). The United Kingdom’s stabilisation model and Afghanistan: The impact on humanitarian actors. Disasters, 34(3), S368–S387. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7717.2010.01208.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorur, A. (2016). Defining the boundaries of UN stabilization missions. Washington, DC: Stimson Center.
   Google Scholar
• Griffin, S. (2011). Iraq, Afghanistan and the future of British military doctrine: From counterinsurgency to stabilization. International Affairs, 87(2), 317–333. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2346.2011.00975.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grimm, S., & Mathis, O. L. (2015). Stability first, development second, democracy third: The European Union’s policy towards the post-conflict Western Balkans, 1991–2010. Europe-Asia Studies, 67(6), 916–947. doi: 10.1080/09668136.2015.1055237
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grindle, M. S. (2004). Good enough governance: Poverty reduction and reform in developing countries. Governance, 17(4), 525–548. doi: 10.1111/j.0952-1895.2004.00256.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• High Level Independent Panel on United Nations Peace Operations (HIPPO). (2015, June 16). Uniting our strengths for peace – politics, partnership and peace. New York, NY: United Nations.
   Google Scholar
• Hirschman, A. O. (1991). The rhetoric of reaction. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Huntington, S. P. (1968). Political order in changing societies. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ignazi, P., Giacomello, G., & Coticchia, F. (2012). Italian military operations abroad: Just don’t call it war. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Joseph, J. (2018). Varieties of resilience: Studies in governmentality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Karlsrud, J. (2015). The UN at war: Examining the consequences of peace-enforcement mandates for the UN peacekeeping operations in the CAR, the DRC and Mali. Third World Quarterly, 36(1), 40–54. doi: 10.1080/01436597.2015.976016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlsrud, J. (2019). United nations stabilization operations: Chapter seven and a half. Ethnopolitics. doi: 10.1080/17449057.2019.1640507
   Google Scholar
• Kilcullen, D. (2012). Counterinsurgency: The state of a controversial art. In The Routledge handbook of insurgency and counterinsurgency (pp. 138–163). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Krause, J. (2019). Stabilization and local conflicts: Communal and civil war in South Sudan. Ethnopolitics. doi: 10.1080/17449057.2019.1640505
   Google Scholar
• Lee, M. M., Walter-Drop, G., & Wiesel, J. (2014). Taking the state (back) out? Statehood and the delivery of collective goods. Governance, 27(4), 635–654. doi: 10.1111/gove.12069
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levitsky, S., & Way, L. A. (2005). International linkage and democratization. Journal of Democracy, 16(3), 20–34. doi: 10.1353/jod.2005.0048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mac Ginty, R. (2008). Indigenous peace-making versus the liberal peace. Cooperation and Conflict, 43(2), 139–163. doi: 10.1177/0010836708089080
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mac Ginty, R. (2012). Against stabilization. Stability: International Journal of Security and Development, 1, 20–30. doi: 10.5334/sta.ab
   Google Scholar
• Mac Ginty, R., & Richmond, O. (2016). The fallacy of constructing hybrid political orders: A reappraisal of the hybrid turn in peacebuilding. International Peacekeeping, 23(2), 219–239. doi: 10.1080/13533312.2015.1099440
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mac Ginty, R., & Richmond, O. P. (2013). The local turn in peace building: A critical agenda for peace. Third World Quarterly, 34(5), 763–783. doi: 10.1080/01436597.2013.800750
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mansfield, E. D., & Snyder, J. (2007). Electing to fight: Why emerging democracies go to war. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• McCandless, E. (2018). Forging resilient social contracts: A pathway to preventing violent and sustaining peace. Oslo: United Nations Development Programme.
   Google Scholar
• McCormick, D. (2008). China & India as Africa’s new donors: The impact of aid on development. Review of African Political Economy, 35(115), 73–92. doi: 10.1080/03056240802011501
   Google Scholar
• Ministère de la Défense de la République Française (MDRF). (2010). Sécurité, Développement, Gouvernance: Contribution des Forces Armées à la Stabilisation. DIA-3.4.5_STAB (2010).
   Google Scholar
• Muggah, R. (2014a, 5 December). The United Nations turn to stabilization. International Peace Institute Global Observatory. Retrieved from https://theglobalobservatory.org/2014/12/united-nations-peacekeeping-peacebuilding-stabilization/
   Google Scholar
• Muggah, R. (Ed.). (2014b). Stabilization operations, security and development: States of fragility. London & New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• NATO. (2015, December 1). Allied joint doctrine for the military contribution to stabilization and reconstruction. Document Number ajp-3.4.5. Retrieved from http://standards.globalspec.com/std/9979829/nato-ajp-3-4-5
   Google Scholar
• Novosseloff, A., & Tardy, T. (2017). France and the evolution of the UN peacekeeping doctrine. In C. d. Coning, C. Aoi, & J. Karslrud (Eds.), UN peacekeeping doctrine in a new era (pp. 90–108). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Papagianni, K. (2008). Participation and state legitimation. In C. Call & V. Wyeth (Eds.), Building states to build peace. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
   Google Scholar
• Raineri, L., & Strazzari, F. (2019). (B)ordering hybrid security? EU stabilisation practices in the Sahara-Sahel region. Ethnopolitics. doi: 10.1080/17449057.2019.1640509
   Google Scholar
• Stabilisation Unit (SU). (2014, October). UK principles for stabilisation organisations and Programmes. London: Stabilisation Unit.
   Google Scholar
• Stabilisation Unit (SU). (2018, December). The UK’ government’s approach to stabilisation. A guide for policy makers and practitioners. London: Stabilisation Unit.
   Google Scholar
• Stephens, D. (2010). Counterinsurgency and stability operations: A new approach to legal interpretation. US Naval War College International Law Studies, 86, 289–321.
   Google Scholar
• Ucko, D. H. (2013). Beyond clear-hold-build: Rethinking local-level counterinsurgency after Afghanistan. Contemporary Security Policy, 34(3), 526–551. doi: 10.1080/13523260.2013.839258
   Google Scholar
• UK MoD. (2016). Shaping a stable world: The military contribution. London: Joint Doctrine Publication 05.
   Google Scholar
• US Joint Chiefs of Staff. (2016, August 3). Stability. Washington, DC: Joint Publication 3-07.
   Google Scholar
• USIP (United States Institute of Peace). (2009). Guiding principles for stabilization and reconstruction. Washington, DC: USIP Press.
   Google Scholar
• Verbeek, J. A., & Zaslove, A. S. (2017). Populism and foreign policy. In C. R. Kaltwasser, P. Taggart, P. O. Espejo, & P. Ostiguy (Eds.), Oxford handbook of populism (pp. 385–405). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Zyck, S. A., Barakat, S., & Deely, S. (2014). The evolution of stabilization: Concepts and praxis. In R. Muggah (Ed.), Stabilization operations, security and development (pp. 15–34). London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar