Effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestion in dairy cows

References

• Avellaneda , J H , Pinos-Rodríguez , J M , González , S S , Bárcena , R , Hernández , A , Cobos , M , Hernández , D and Montañez , O . 2009 . Effects of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on ruminal fermentation and digestion of Guinea grass hay . Anim Feed Sci Technol , 149 : 70 – 77 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beauchemin , K A , Yang , W Z and Rode , L M . 1999 . Effects of grain source and enzyme additive on site and extent of nutrient digestion in dairy cows . J Dairy Sci , 82 : 378 – 390 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beauchemin , K A , Rode , L M , Maekawa , M , Morgavi , D P and Kampen , R . 2000 . Evaluation of a nonstarch polysaccharidase feed enzyme in dairy cow diets . J Dairy Sci , 83 : 543 – 553 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beauchemin , K A , Colombatto , D , Morgavi , D P and Yang , W Z . 2003 . Use of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes to improve feed utilization by ruminants . J Anim Sci , 81 ( E. Suppl. 2 ) : E37 – E47 .
   Google Scholar
• Beauchemin , K A , Colombatto , D , Morgavi , D P , Yang , W Z and Rode , L M . 2004 . Mode of action of exogenous cell wall degrading enzymes for ruminants . Can J Anim Sci , 84 : 13 – 22 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Böning , A , Meyer , U and Lebzien , P . 2007 . Der Einsatz von rationsapplizierten nicht-stärke-polysaccharid-spaltenden Enzymen (NSPsE) in der Wiederkäuerfütterung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Milchkühe . Übers. Tierernähr , 35 : 127 – 160 .
   Google Scholar
• Bowman , G R , Beauchemin , K A and Shelford , J A . 2002 . The proportion of the diet to which fibrolytic enzymes are added affects digestion by lactating dairy cows . J Dairy Sci , 85 : 3420 – 3429 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandt , M and Rohr , K . 1981 . Beiträge zur Quantifizierung der N-Umsetzungen in den Vormägen von Milchkühen. Bestimmung des Mikrobenstickstoffs im Duodenalchymus mit Hilfe von N15 . Z Tierphysiol Tierernährg u Futtermittelkde , 46 : 39 – 48 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Colombatto , D , Mould , F L , Bhat , M K and Owen , E . 2003a . Use of fibrolytic enzymes to improve the nutritive value of ruminant diets. A biochemical and in vitro rumen degradation assessment . Anim Feed Sci Technol , 107 : 201 – 209 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colombatto , D , Mould , F L , Bhat , M K , Morgavi , D P , Beauchemin , K A and Owen , E MK . 2003b . Influence of fibrolytic enzymes on the hydrolysis and fermentation of pure cellulose and xylan by mixed ruminal microorganisms in vitro . J Anim Sci , 81 : 1040 – 1050 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colombatto , D , Hervas , G , Yang , W Z and Beauchemin , K A . 2003c . Effects of enzyme supplementation of a total mixed ration on microbial fermentation in continuous culture, maintained at high and low pH . J Anim Sci , 81 : 2617 – 2627 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elwakeel , E A , Titgemeyer , E C , Johnson , B J , Armendariz , C K and Shirley , J E . 2007 . Fibrolytic enzymes to increase the nutritive value of dairy feedstuffs . J Dairy Sci , 90 : 5226 – 5236 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engling , F P . 1988 . Überprüfung verschiedener Gärfutter unter ernährungsphysiologischen Aspekten: Ein Beitrag zur Erweiterung der Basis wirtschaftseigener Futtermittel in der Milchkuhfütterung. [dissertation] , [Göttingen] : Universität Göttingen, Germany .
   Google Scholar
• Eun , J-S , Beauchemin , K A and Schulze , H . 2007 . Use of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes to enhance in vitro fermentation of alfalfa hay and corn silage . J Dairy Sci , 90 : 1440 – 1451 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flachowsky , G , Baldeweg , P , Schneider , M and Flachowsky , E . 1987 . Die Eignung der salzsäure-unlöslichen Asche zur Schätzung der Verdaulichkeit beim Wiederkäuer. Mengen- und Spurenelemente, Arbeitstagung der Agrarwissenschaftlichen und Chemischen Gesellschaft der DDR vom 21. bis 22. Dezember 1987 . Teil , 2 : 257 – 265 .
   Google Scholar
• GfE (Gesellschaft für Ernährungsphysiologie) . 2001 . Empfehlungen zur Energie- und Nährstoffversorgung der Milchkühe und Aufzuchtrinder DLG-Verlags-GmbH, Frankfurt am Main
   Google Scholar
• Giraldo , L A , Ranilla , M J , Tejido , M L and Carro , M D . 2008a . Effects of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on in vitro ruminal fermentation of substrates with different forage:concentrate ratios . Anim Feed Sci Technol , 141 : 306 – 325 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giraldo , L A , Tejido , M L , Ranilla , M J , Ramos , S and Carro , M D . 2008b . Influence of direct-fed fibrolytic enzymes on diet digestibility and ruminal activity in sheep fed a grass hay-based diet . J Anim Sci , 86 : 1617 – 1623 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guiard , V , Spilke , J and Dänicke , S . 2003 . Evaluation and interpretation of results for three cross-over designs . Arch Anim Nutr , 57 : 177 – 195 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goering , H J and Van Soest , P J . 1970 . Forage fiber analysis (Apparatus, reagents, procedure and some applications). Agricultural Handbook No. 379 , Washington, DC : Agriculture Research Service .
   Google Scholar
• González-García , E , Albanell , E , Caja , G and Casals , R . 2010 . In vitro fermentative characteristics of ruminant diets supplemented with fibrolytic enzymes and ranges of optimal endo-β-1,4-glucanase activity . J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr , 94 : 250 – 263 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kenward , M G and Roger , J H . 1997 . Small sample inference for fixed effects from restricted maximum likelihood . Biometrics , 53 : 983 – 997 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knowlton , K F , McKinney , J M and Cobb , C . 2002 . Effects of a direct-fed fibrolytic enzyme formulation on nutrient intake, partitioning, and excretion in early and late lactation Holstein cows . J Dairy Sci , 85 : 3328 – 3335 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krause , D O , Denman , S E , Mackie , R I , Morrison , M , Rae , A L , Attwood , G T and McSweeney , C S . 2003 . Opportunities to improve fiber degradation in the rumen: Microbiology, ecology, and genomics . FEMS Microbiol Rev , 27 : 663 – 693 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krastanova , M , Lebzien , P and Rohr , K . 1995 . Untersuchungen zum “geschütztem” Rapsschrot auf die Verdauungsvorgänge und Aminosäurenversorgung von Milchkühen . J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr , 73 : 66 – 76 .
   Google Scholar
• Kung , L , Treacher , R J , Nauman , G A , Endres , K M and Cohen , M A . 2000 . The effects of treating forages with fibrolytic enzymes on its nutritive value and lactation performance of dairy cows . J Dairy Sci , 83 : 115 – 122 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lebzien , P , Voigt , J , Gabel , M and Gädeken , D . 1996 . Zur Schätzung der Menge an nutzbarem Rohprotein am Duodenum von Milchkühen . J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr , 76 : 218 – 223 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lebzien , P and Paul , C . 1997 . Use of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy for the estimation of the microbial portion of non-ammonia-nitrogen in the duodenum of dairy cows . Anim Feed Sci Technol , 68 : 225 – 233 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lebzien , P and Voigt , J . 1999 . Calculation of utilizable crude protein at the duodenum of cattle by two different approaches . Arch Anim Nutr , 52 : 363 – 369 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis , G E , Sanchez , W K , Hunt , C W , Guy , M A , Pritchard , G T , Swanson , B I and Treacher , R J . 1999 . Effects of direct-fed fibrolytic enzymes on lactational performance of dairy cows . J Dairy Sci , 82 : 611 – 617 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Littell , R C , Henry , P R and Ammerman , C B . 1998 . Statistical analysis of repeated measures data using SAS procedures . J Anim Sci , 76 : 1216 – 1231 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loose , K . 1999 . Untersuchungen zum Einfluss verschiedener Körnermaishybriden auf die Stärke und die Proteinumsetzungen im Verdauungstrakt von Milchkühen [dissertation] , [Hannover] : Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Germany .
   Google Scholar
• Mandebvu , P , Ballard , C S , Carter , M P , Cotanch , K W , Sniffen , C J and Sato , T . 2003 . Feeding fibrolytic enzymes to enhance DM and nutrient digestion, and milk production by dairy cows . J Anim Sci , 81 ( Suppl. 1 ) : 594
   Google Scholar
• McAllister , T A , Hristov , A N , Beauchemin , K A , Rode , L M and Cheng , K-J. 2001 . “ Enzymes in ruminant diets ” . In Enzymes in farm animal nutrition , Edited by: Bedford , M R. and Partridge , G G . 273 – 298 . Wallingford Oxfordshire, , UK : CABI Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• Miller , D R , Elliott , R and Norton , B W . 2008a . Effects of an exogenous enzyme, Roxazyme® G2, on intake, digestion and utilisation of sorghum and barley grain-based diets by beef steers . Anim Feed Sci Technol , 145 : 159 – 181 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller , D R , Granzin , B C , Elliott , R and Norton , B W . 2008b . Effects of an exogenous enzyme, Roxazyme® G2 Liquid, on milk production in pasture fed dairy cows . Anim Feed Sci Technol , 145 : 194 – 208 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddish , M A and Kung , L Jr . 2007 . The effect of feeding a dry enzyme mixture with fibrolytic activity on the performance of lactating cows and digestibility of a diet for sheep . J Dairy Sci , 90 : 4724 – 4729 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rode , L M , Yang , W Z and Beauchemin , K A . 1999 . Fibrolytic enzymes supplements for dairy cows in early lactation . J Dairy Sci , 82 : 2121 – 2126 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rohr , K , Brandt , M , Castrillo , O , Lebzien , P and Assmus , G . 1979 . Der Einfluss eines teilweisen Ersatzes von Futterprotein durch Harnstoff auf den Stickstoff- und Aminosäurenfluss am Duodenum . Landbauforschung Völkenrode , 29 : 32 – 40 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rohr , K , Brandt , M , Lebzien , P and Schafft , H . 1984 . Measurement of duodenal flow in dairy cows by either total collection or spot sampling, using a special cannula . Can J Anim Sci , 64 ( Suppl ) : 116 – 117 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schafft , H . 1983 . Untersuchungen zur Quantifizierung des Abbaus von Futterprotein in den Vormägen von Milchkühen [dissertation] , Göttingen, , Germany : Universität Göttingen .
   Google Scholar
• Spilke , J and Tuchscherer , A . 2001 . Simulationsuntersuchungen zum Einfluss verschiedener Strategien der Varianzkomponentenschätzung und Hypothesenprüfung auf die statistischen Risiken in gemischten linearen Modellen mit ungleicher Klassenbesetzung . Z Agrarinformatik , 4 : 66 – 75 .
   Google Scholar
• Sutton , J D , Phipps , R H , Beever , D E , Humphries , D J , Hartnell , G F , Vicini , J L and Hard , D L . 2003 . Effect of method of application of a fibrolytic enzyme product on digestive processes and milk production in Holstein-Friesian cows . J Dairy Sci , 86 : 546 – 556 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Titgemeyer , E C . 1997 . Design and interpretation of nutrient digestion studies . J Anim Sci , 75 : 2235 – 2247 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Keulen , J and Young , B A . 1977 . Evaluation of acid in soluble ash as natural marker in ruminant digestibility studies . J Anim Sci , 44 : 282 – 287 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VDLUFA (Verband Deutscher Landwirtschaftlicher Untersuchungs- und Forschungsanstalten) . 1976 . VDLUFA-Methodenbuch, Band 3: Die chemische Untersuchung von Futtermitteln with supplements (1983, 1988, 1993, 1997, 2004, 2006). VDLUFA-Verlag, Darmstadt
   Google Scholar
• Voigt , J and Steger , H . 1967 . Zur quantitativen Bestimmung von Ammoniak, Harnstoff und Ketonkörpern in biologischem Material mit Hilfe eines modifizierten Mikrodiffusionsgefäßes . Arch Anim Nutr , 17 : 289 – 293 .
   Google Scholar
• Weimer , P J . 1993 . “ Microbial and molecular mechanisms of cell wall degradation – session synopsis ” . In Forage cell wall structure and digestibility , Edited by: Jung , H G , Buxton , D R , Hatfield , R D and Ralph , J . 485 – 497 . Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, University of Wisconsin .
   Google Scholar
• Williams , C H , David , D J and Iismaa , O . 1962 . The determination of chromic oxide in feces samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometry . J Agric Sci , 59 : 381 – 385 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang , W Z , Beauchemin , K A and Rode , L M . 1999 . Effects of an enzyme feed additive on extent of digestion and milk production of lactating dairy cows . J Dairy Sci , 82 : 391 – 403 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang , W Z , Beauchemin , K A and Rode , L M . 2000 . A comparison of methods of adding fibrolytic enzymes to lactating cow diets . J Dairy Sci , 83 : 2512 – 2520 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zebeli , Q , Tafaj , M , Steingass , H , Metzler , B and Drochner , W . 2006 . Effects of physically effective fiber on digestive processes and milk fat content in early lactating dairy cows fed total mixed rations . J Dairy Sci , 89 : 651 – 668 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar