Does the amphipod fauna associated with epiphytes on kelp (Laminaria hyperborea) change with depth?

References

• Bray , J and Curtis , J. 1957 . An ordination of the upland forest communities of southern Winsconsin . Ecological Monographs , 27 : 325 – 49 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caine , ED. 1974 . Comparative functional morphology of feeding in three species of caprellids (Crustacea, Amphipoda) from the northwestern Florida gulf coast . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 15 : 81 – 96 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chemello , R and Milazzo , M. 2002 . Effect of algal architecture on associated fauna: Some evidence from phytal molluscs . Marine Biology , 140 : 981 – 90 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christie , H. 1995 . Description of the kelp forest fauna at Froan, mid Norway: Variation in an exposure gradient . NINA Oppdragsmelding , 368 : 1 – 22 .
   Google Scholar
• Christie , H , Jørgensen , NM , Norderhaug , KM and Waage Nielsen , E. 2003 . Species distribution and habitat exploitation of fauna associated with kelp (Laminaria hyperborea) along the Norwegian coast . Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , 83 : 687 – 99 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clarke KR , Warwick RM. 1994 . Change in marine communities: An approach to statistical analysis and interpretation . Plymouth, , UK : Natural Environment Research Council, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, UK . 144 pages.
   Google Scholar
• Cruz-Rivera , E and Hay , ME. 2000 . The effects of diet mixing on consumer fitness: Macroalgae, epiphytes, and animal matter as food for marine amphipods . Oecologia , 123 : 252 – 64 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duffy , JE and Hay , ME. 2000 . Strong impacts of grazing amphipods on the organization of a benthic community . Ecological Monographs , 70 : 237 – 63 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edgar , GJ. 1983 . The ecology of South-East Tasmanian phytal animal communities. IV. Factors affecting the distribution of ampithoid amphipods among algae . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 70 : 205 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enckell , PH. 1980 . Kräftdjur , 685 pages Lund : Bokförlaget Signum .
   Google Scholar
• Fenwick , GD. 1976 . The effect of wave exposure on the amphipod fauna of the alga Caulerpa brownii . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 25 : 1 – 18 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fincham , AA. 1974 . Periodic swimming behaviour of amphipods in Wellington harbour . NZ Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , 8 : 505 – 21 .
   Google Scholar
• Guerra García , JM. 2002 . Re-descriptions of Caprella linearis (Linnaeus,1767) and C. septentrionalis Kröyer, 1838 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Caprellidea) from Scotland, with an ontogonetic comparison between the species and a study of the clinging behaviour . Sarsia, North Atlantic Marine Science , 87 : 216 – 35 .
   Google Scholar
• Guerra Garcìa , JM and Tierno de Figueroa , JM. 2009 . What do caprellids (Crustacea: Amphipoda) feed on? . Marine Biology , 156 : 1881 – 90 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guiry MD Guiry GM. 2007 . Algaebase . National University of Ireland , Galway . Worldwide electronic publication, Available at: http://www.algaebase.org [accessed February 2007] .
   Google Scholar
• Hacker , SD and Steneck , RS. 1990 . Habitat architecture and the abundance and body-size dependent habitat selection of a phytal amphipod . Ecology , 71 : 2269 – 85 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hauser , A , Attrill , MJ and Cotton , PA. 2006 . Effects of habitat complexity on the diversity and abundance of macrofauna colonising artificial kelp holdfasts . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 325 : 93 – 100 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hay , ME and Fenical , W. 1988 . Marine plant–herbivore interactions: The ecology of chemical defense . Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics , 19 : 111 – 45 .
   Google Scholar
• Hirst , JA. 2006 . Vertical stratification of mobile epiphytal arthropod assemblages between the canopy and understorey of subtidal macroalgae . Marine Biology , 150 : 427 – 41 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holmlund , MB , Peterson , CH and Hay , ME. 1990 . Does algal morphology affect amphipod susceptibility to fish predation? . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 139 : 65 – 63 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang , Y , Amsler , M , McClintock , J , Amsler , C and Baker , B. 2007 . Patterns of gammaridean amphipod abundance and species composition associated with dominant subtidal macroalgae from the western Antarctic Peninsula . Polar Biology , 30 : 1417 – 30 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobi , C. 1987 . Spatial and temporal distribution of Amphipoda associated with mussel beds from the Bay of Santos . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 35 : 51 – 58 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobi , CM and Langevin , R. 1996 . Habitat geometry of benthic substrata: Effects on arrival and settlement of mobile epifauna . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 206 : 39 – 54 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kain , JM. 1967 . Populations of Laminaria hyperborea at various latitudes . Helgoland Marine Research , 15 : 489 – 99 .
   Google Scholar
• Kain , JM. 1971 . The biology of Laminaria hyperborea VI. Some norwegian populations . Journal of Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , 51 : 387 – 408 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kladi , M , Vagias , C and Roussis , V. 2004 . Volatile halogenated metabolites from marine red algae . Phytochemistry Reviews , 3 : 337 – 66 .
   Google Scholar
• Lewis , GF. 1984 . Distribution of macrobenthic crustaceans associated with Thalassia, Halodule and bare sand substrata . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 19 : 101 – 13 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lincoln RJ. 1979 . British Marine Amphipoda: Gammaridea . London : British Museum (Natural History) 658 pages.
   Google Scholar
• Maggs , CA and Hommersand , MH. 1993 . Seaweeds of the British Isles , 444 pages London : The Natural History Museum .
   Google Scholar
• Marshall , W. 1960 . An underwater study of the epiphytes of Laminaria hyperborea (Gunn.) Fosl . British Phycological Bulletin , 2 : 18 – 19 .
   Google Scholar
• Marstein , A. 1997 . Epiphytic algae on kelp stipes from Vega – An area with varying densities of sea urchins . Blyttia , 3 : 123 – 29 .
   Google Scholar
• Martin-Smith , KM. 1993 . Abundance of mobile epifauna: The role of habitat complexity and predation by fishes . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 174 : 243 – 60 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore , PG. 1973 . The kelp fauna of northeast Britain. II. Multivariate classification: Turbidity as an ecological factor . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 13 : 127 – 63 .
   Google Scholar
• Nair , KKC and Anger , K. 1979 . Experimental studies on the life cycle of Jassa falcata (Crustacea, Amphipoda) . Helgoland Marine Research , 32 : 444 – 52 .
   Google Scholar
• Nelson , WG. 1979 . Experimental studies of selective predation on amphipods: Consequences for amphipods distribution and abundance . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 38 : 225 – 45 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newton L. 1931 . A Handbook of the British Seaweeds . London : British Museum (Natural Hostory) . 478 pages.
   Google Scholar
• Norderhaug , KM. 2004 . Use of red algae as hosts by kelp-associated amphipods . Marine Biology , 144 : 225 – 30 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norderhaug , KM , Christie , H , Fosså , JH and Fredriksen , S. 2005 . Fish–macrofauna interactions in a kelp (Laminaria hyperborea) forest . Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , 85 : 1279 – 86 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norderhaug , KM , Christie , H and Fredriksen , S. 2007 . Is habitat size an important factor for faunal abundances on kelp (Laminaria hyperborea)? . Journal of Sea Research , 58 : 120 – 24 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norderhaug , KM , Hartvig , C and Rinde , E. 2002 . Colonisation of kelp imitations by epiphyte and holdfast fauna: A study of mobility patterns . Marine Biology , 141 : 965 – 73 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norton , TA , Hiscock , K and Kitching , JA. 1977 . The ecology of Lough Ine: XX. The Laminaria forest at Carrigathorna . The Journal of Ecology , 65 : 919 – 41 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul , V , Cruz-Rivera , E and Thacker , R. 200122765 . Chemical Mediation of Macroalgal Herbivore Interactions: Ecological and Evolutionary Perspectives , London : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Sars , GO. 1895 . An account of the crustacea of Norway with short descriptions and figures of all the species, Amphipoda , 1 Christiania and Copenhagen : Alb. Cammermeyers forlag .
   Google Scholar
• Schultze , K , Janke , K , Krüß , A and Weidemann , W. 1990 . The macrofauna and macroflora associated with Laminaria digitata and L. hyperborea at the island of Helgoland (German Bight, North Sea) . Helgoland Marine Research , 44 : 39 – 51 .
   Google Scholar
• Sjøtun , K , Fredriksen , S , Lein , TE , Rueness , J and Sivertsen , K. 1993 . Population studies of Laminaria hyperborea from its northern range of distribution in Norway . Hydrobiologia , 260–261 : 215 – 21 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stachowicz , JJ and Hay , ME. 1999 . Reduced mobility is associated with compensatory feeding and increased diet breadth of marine crabs . Marine Ecology Progress Series , 188 : 169 – 78 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whittick , A. 1983 . Spatial and temporal distributions of dominant epiphytes on the stipes of Laminaria hyperborea (Gunn) Fosl. (Phaeophyta: Laminariales) in S.E. Scotland . Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology , 73 : 1 – 10 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zar , J. 1996 . Biostatistical Analysis , 662 pages Upper Saddle River, NJ : Prentice Hall .
   Google Scholar