819
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Semi-open spaces of apartments considering COVID-19 pandemic: General expectations of balcony design in the post-pandemic world

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 705-722 | Received 03 Sep 2021, Accepted 17 Dec 2021, Published online: 28 Dec 2021

References

  • Acuto, M. (2020). COVID-19: Lessons for an urban(izing) world. One Earth, 2(4), 317–319. doi:10.1016/j.oneear.2020.04.004
  • Adams, A., Schwartzman, K., & Theodore, D. (2008). Collapse and expand: Architecture and tuberculosis therapy in Montreal, 1909, 1933, 1954. Technology and Culture, 49(4), 908–942. doi:10.1353/tech.0.0172
  • Amerio, A., Brambilla, A., Morganti, A., Aguglia, A., Bianchi, D., Santi, F., … Capolongo, S. (2020). COVID-19 lockdown: Housing built environment effects on mental health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(16), 5973. doi:10.3390/ijerph17165973
  • Aronis, C. (2009). The balconies of Tel-Aviv: Cultural history and urban politics. Israel Studies, 14(3), 157–180.
  • Aydin, D., & Sayar, G. (2020). Questioning the use of the balcony in apartments during the COVID-19 pandemic process. Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research, 15(1), 51–63. doi:10.1108/ARCH-09-2020-0202
  • Belz, M., Pyritz, L., & Boos, M. (2013). Spontaneous flocking in human groups. Behavioural Processes, 92, 6–14. doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2012.09.004
  • Bonett, D., & Wright, T. (2015). Cronbach’s alpha reliability: Interval estimation, hypothesis testing, and sample size planning. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(1), 3–15. doi:10.1002/job.1960
  • Canadian Psychological Association. (2020, April 4). Resources for managing COVID-19 anxiety: CPA traumatic stress section. Retrieved August 26, 2021, from https://cpa.ca/resources-for-managing-covid-19-anxiety-cpa-traumatic-stress-section/
  • Chau, K., Wong, S., & Yiu, C. (2004). The value of the provision of a balcony in apartments in Hong Kong. Property Management, 22(3), 250–264. doi:10.1108/02637470410545020
  • Cronbach, L. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297–334. doi:10.1007/bf02310555
  • D’Alessandro, D., Gola, M., Appolloni, L., Dettori, M., Fara, G. M., Rebecchi, A., … Capolongo, S. (2020). COVID-19 and living space challenge. Well-being and public health recommendations for a healthy, safe, and sustainable housing. Acta Bio Medica Atenei Parmensis, 91(9-S), 61–75. doi:10.23750/abm.v91i9-S.10115
  • Dietz, L., Horve, P., Coil, D., Fretz, M., Eisen, J., & Wymelenberg, K. (2020). 2019 Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: Built environment considerations to reduce transmission. mSystems, 5(2), e00245-20. doi:10.1128/mSystems.00375-20
  • Einifar, A., & Motlagh, A. (2014). Explaining the concept of outside-inside in in-between spaces of apartment housing; the case study of balcony in three types of Tehran residential complexes. Fine Arts, 19(2), 55–66. doi:10.22059/JFAUP.2014.55391
  • European Environment Agency. (2020, April 4). Air quality and COVID-19. Retrieved May 11, 2021, from https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/air/air-quality-and-covid19
  • Foster, S., Maitland, C., Hooper, P., Bolleter, J., Duckworth-Smith, A., Giles-Corti, B., & Arundel, J. (2019). High life study protocol: A cross-sectional investigation of the influence of apartment building design policy on resident health and well-being. BMJ Open, 9, e029220. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029220
  • França, A. L., & Ornstein, S. (2021). The role of the built environment in updating design requirements in the post-pandemic scenario: A case study of selected diagnostic facilities in Brazil. Architectural Engineering and Design Management. doi:10.1080/17452007.2021.1965949
  • Frank, L., Iroz-Elardo, N., MacLeod, K., & Hong, A. (2019). Pathways from built environment to health: A conceptual framework linking behavior and exposure-based impacts. Journal of Transport & Health, 12, 319–335. doi:10.1016/j.jth.2018.11.008
  • Garofalo, J. (2020). How can architecture make communities and urban environments more resilient to disease? (Unpublished Master’s thesis). Naval Postgraduate School.
  • Gehl, J. (2011). Life between buildings: Using public space. Island Press. Washington, DC.
  • Grigoriadou, E. (2020). The urban balcony as the new public space for well-being in times of social distancing. Cities & Health. doi:10.1080/23748834.2020.1795405
  • Guimaraes, M. (2012). A precedent in sustainable architecture: Bioclimatic devices in Alvar Aalto’s summer house. Journal of Green Building, 7(2), 64–73. doi:10.3992/jgb.7.2.64
  • Holtzman, G. (2014). Community by design, by the people: Social approach to designing and planning cohousing and ecovillage communities. Journal of Green Building, 9(3), 60–82. doi:10.3992/1943-4618-9.3.60
  • Jacobsen, K. (2020). Will COVID-19 generate global preparedness? Lancet, 395(10229), 1013–1014. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30559-6
  • Kaplan, R. (2001). The nature of the view from home: Psychological benefits. Environment and Behavior, 33(4), 507–542. doi:10.1177/00139160121973115
  • Kaplan, S. (1995). The restorative benefits of nature: Toward an integrative framework. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 15(3), 169–182. doi:10.1016/0272-4944(95)90001-2
  • Kasmaei, M. (1992). Climatic zoning of Iran and housing and residential environments. Tehran: Building and Housing Research Center.
  • Kataria, I., & Morris, A. (2020). Addressing chronic noncommunicable diseases is essential to strengthen urban resilience to communicable pandemic diseases. Cities & Health, 1–3. doi:10.1080/23748834.2020.1805280
  • Kellert, R., & Wilson, E. (1993). The biophilia hypothesis. Washington, DC: Island.
  • Kirkland, S. (2014). Paris reborn: Napoléon III, Baron Haussmann, and the quest to build a modern city. New York: Martin’s Press.
  • Ko, W., Schiavon, S., Zhang, H., Graham, L., Brager, G., Mauss, I., & Lin, Y. (2020). The impact of a view from a window on thermal comfort, emotion, and cognitive performance. Building and Environment, 175, 106779. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.106779
  • Lilley, K. (2015). Urban planning after the black death: Townscape transformation in later medieval England (1350–1530). Urban History, 42(1), 22–42. doi:10.1017/s0963926814000492
  • Magis, K. (2010). Community resilience: An indicator of social sustainability. Society & Natural Resource, 23(5), 401–416. doi:10.1080/08941920903305674
  • Molaei, P., & Hashempour, P. (2020). Evaluation of CPTED principles in the housing architecture of rural areas in the North of Iran (case studies: Sedaposhte and Ormamalal). International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 62, 100405. doi:10.1016/j.ijlcj.2020.100405
  • Morse, S. S., Mazet, J. A., Woolhouse, M., Parrish, C. R., Carroll, D., Karesh, W., … Daszak, P. (2012). Prediction and prevention of the next pandemic zoonosis. Lancet, 380, 1956–1965. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61684-5
  • Nobajas, A., Casas, J., Agusti, D., & Peacock, A. (2020). Lack of sufficient public space can limit the effectiveness of COVID-19’s social distancing measures. medRxiv. doi:10.1101/2020.06.07.20124982
  • Obiadi, B., & Umo, U. (2020). The devastating and negative impact of coronavirus (Covid 19) in the architecture and lifestyles of the cities. International Journal of Geography and Environmental Management, 6(3), 37–50.
  • Omrani, S., Garcia-Hansen, V., & Capra, B. (2017). On the effect of provision of balconies on natural ventilation and thermal comfort in high-rise residential buildings. Building and Environment, 123, 504–516. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.07.016
  • Pinheiro, M., & Luis, N. (2020). COVID-19 could leverage a sustainable built environment. Sustainability, 12, 5863. doi:10.3390/su12145863
  • Pinter-Wollman, N., Jelić, A., & Wells, N. (2018). The impact of the built environment on health behaviours and disease transmission in social systems. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 373(1753), 20170245. doi:10.1098/rstb.2017.0245
  • Problovski, H. Z., Sherman, M., & Melnikova, V. (2020). The balcony party: Mitigation of social isolation during the coronavirus outbreak. Department of Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Ariel University. doi:10.31234/osf.io/rp5nh
  • Rajkumar, R. (2020). COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 52, 102066. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102066
  • Rebecchi, A., Buffoli, M., Dettori, M., Appolloni, L., Azara, A., Castiglia, P., … Capolongo, S. (2019). Walkable environments and healthy urban moves: Urban context features assessment framework experienced in Milan. Sustainability, 11(10), 2778. doi:10.3390/su11102778
  • Requena-Ruiz, I. (2012). Bioclimatism in the architecture of Le Corbusier: The Millowners Association Building. Informes de la Construccion, 64, 549–562. doi:10.3989/ic.11.121
  • Ribeiro, C., Ramos, N., & Flores-Colen, I. (2020). Review of balcony impacts on the indoor environmental quality of dwellings. Sustainability, 12, 6453. doi:10.3390/su12166453
  • Rippon, S., Bagnall, A., Gamsu, M., South, J., Trigwell, J., Southby, K., … Woodward, J. (2020). Towards transformative resilience: Community, neighbourhood and system responses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Cities & Health. doi:10.1080/23748834.2020.1788321
  • Rodríguez-González, R., Facal, D., Martínez-Santos, A., & Gandoy-Crego, M. (2020). Psychological, social and health-related challenges in Spanish older adults during the lockdown of the COVID-19 first wave. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 588949. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.588949
  • Rothan, H., & Byrareddy, S. (2020). The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. Journal of Autoimmunity, 109, 102433. doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433
  • Schiffman, R. (2020, April 28). Let the sunshine in. New York Times. Retrieved June 16, 2021, from https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/28/well/live/coronavirus-sunlight-uv-stress-mood-immune-system-vitamin-D.html?searchResultPosition=1
  • Smith, K., Goldberg, M., Rosenthal, S., Carlson, L., Chen, J., Chen, C., & Ramachandran, S. (2014). Global rise in human infectious disease outbreaks. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 11, 20140950. doi:10.1098/rsif.2014.0950
  • Sofo, A., & Sofo, A. (2020). Converting home spaces into food gardens at the time of Covid-19 quarantine: All the benefits of plants in this difficult and unprecedented period. Human Ecology: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 1–9. doi:10.1007/s10745-020-00147-3
  • Swapan, A., Bay, J., & Marinova, D. (2019). Importance of the residential front yard for social sustainability: Comparing sense of community levels in semi-private-public open spaces. Journal of Green Building, 14(2), 177–202. doi:10.3992/1943-4618.14.2.177
  • Szczygiel, B., & Hewitt, R. (2000). Nineteenth-century medical landscapes: John H. Rauch, Frederick Law Olmsted, and the search for salubrity. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 74(4), 708–734. doi:10.1353/bhm.2000.0197
  • United Nations (UN). (2019). World urbanization prospects. The 2018 revision. New York: Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division.
  • Valizadeh, P., & Iranmanesh, A. (2021). Inside out, exploring residential spaces during COVID-19 lockdown from the perspective of architecture students. European Planning Studies. doi:10.1080/09654313.2021.1939271
  • Wågø, S., Hauge, B., & Støa, E. (2016). Between indoor and outdoor: Norwegian perceptions of well-being in energy-efficient housing. Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, 33(4), 329–346.
  • Wilder-Smith, A., Chiew, C., & Lee, V. (2020). Can we contain the COVID-19 outbreak with the same measures as for SARS? The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(5), E102–E107. doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30129-8
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2019). Economic and social impacts and benefits of health systems. Copenhagen: Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2021, August 31). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) dashboard. Retrieved August 31, 2021, from https://covid19.who.int/
  • Xiang, Y. Y., Li, W., Zhang, L., Zhang, Q., Cheung, T., & Ng, C. (2020). Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is urgently needed. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7, 228–229. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30046-8
  • Zarrabi, M., Yazdanfar, S., & Hosseini, S. (2021). COVID-19 and healthy home preferences: The case of apartment residents in Tehran. Journal of Building Engineering, 35, 102021. doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2020.102021
  • Zhang, J., Wu, W., Zhao, X., & Zhang, W. (2020). Recommended psychological crisis intervention response to the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in China: A model of West China hospital. Precis. Precision Clinical Medicine, 3(1), 3–8. doi:10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa006

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.