379
Views
10
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Synergy in Spatial Models of Voting: How Critical Cases Show That Proximity, Direction and Discounting Are Friends, Not Foes

References

  • Claassen, Ryan. 2007. “Ideology and Evaluation in an Experimental Setting: Comparing the Proximity and the Directional Models.” Political Research Quarterly 60 (2): 263–273. doi: 10.1177/1065912907302050
  • Downs, Anthony. 1957. An Economic Theory of Democracy. New York: Harper.
  • Franklin, Mark, and Till Weber. 2011. “How Elections Structure Political Preferences.” MPSA Annual Conference, Chicago, March–April 2011.
  • Fuchs, Dieter, and Hans-Dieter Klingemann. 1989. “The Left-Right Schema.” In Continuities in Political Action, edited by M. Kent Jennings, Jan W. van Deth, Samuel H. Barnes, Dieter Fuchs, Felix J. Heunks, Ronald Inglehart, Max Kaase, Hans-Dieter Klingemann, and Jacques Thomassen, 203–234. New York: de Gruyter.
  • Granberg, Donald, and Sören Holmberg. 1988. The Political System Matters. Social Psychology and Voting Behavior in Sweden and the United States. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Grofman, Bernard. 1985. “The Neglected Role of the Status Quo in Models of Issue Voting.” Journal of Politics 47 (1): 230–237. doi: 10.2307/2131073
  • Heckman, James, Hidehiko Ichimura, and Petra Todd. 1997. “Matching As An Econometric Evaluation Estimator: Evidence from Evaluating a Job Training Program.” Review of Economic Studies 64 (4): 605–654. doi: 10.2307/2971733
  • Iversen, Torben. 1994. “Political Leadership and Representation in West European Democracies: A Test of Three Models of Voting.” American Journal of Political Science 38 (1): 45–74. doi: 10.2307/2111335
  • Kedar, Orit. 2005. “When Moderate Voters Prefer Extreme Parties: Policy Balancing in Parliamentary Elections.” American Political Science Review 99 (2): 185–199. doi: 10.1017/S0003055405051592
  • Knutsen, Oddbjørn. 1995. “Value Orientations, Political Conflicts and Left-right Identification: A Comparative Study.” European Journal of Political Research 28 (1): 63–93. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6765.1995.tb00487.x
  • Kroh, Martin. 2003. “Parties, Politicians, and Policies: Orientations of Vote Choice Across Voters and Contexts.” PhD diss., University of Amsterdam.
  • Lacy, Dean, and Philip Paolino. 2010. “Testing Proximity versus Directional Voting Using Experiments.” Electoral Studies 29 (3): 460–471. doi: 10.1016/j.electstud.2010.04.008
  • Leuven, Edwin, and Barbara Sianesi. 2003. “ PSMATCH2: Stata Module to Perform Full Mahalanobis and Propensity Score Matching.” Accessed November 9, 2011. http://ideas.repec.org/c/boc/bocode/s432001.html.
  • Lewis, Jeffrey, and Gary King. 1999. “No Evidence on Directional vs. Proximity Voting.” Political Analysis 8 (1): 21–33. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.pan.a029803
  • Listhaug, Ola, Stuart Elaine Macdonald, and George Rabinowitz. 1994. “Ideology and Party Support in Comparative Perspective.” European Journal of Political Research 25 (2): 111–149. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6765.1994.tb00414.x
  • Macdonald, Stuart Elaine, and George Rabinowitz. 1993. “Ideology and Candidate Evaluation.” Public Choice 76 (1–2): 59–78. doi: 10.1007/BF01049343
  • Macdonald, Stuart Elaine, George Rabinowitz, and Ola Listhaug. 1998. “On Attempting to Rehabilitate the Proximity Model: Sometimes the Patient Just Can't Be Helped.” Journal of Politics 60 (3): 653–690. doi: 10.2307/2647643
  • Macdonald, Stuart Elaine, George Rabinowitz, and Ola Listhaug. 2007. “Simulating Models of Issue Voting.” Political Analysis 15 (4): 406–427. doi: 10.1093/pan/mpm016
  • Meguid, Bonnie. 2008. Party Competition between Unequals: Strategies and Electoral Fortunes in Western Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Merrill III, Samuel, and Bernard Grofman. 1997. “Directional and Proximity Models of Voter Utility and Choice: A New Synthesis and an Illustrative Test of Competing Models.” Journal of Theoretical Politics 9 (1): 25–48. doi: 10.1177/0951692897009001004
  • Merrill III, Samuel, and Bernard Grofman. 1999. A Unified Theory of Voting. Directional and Proximity Spatial Models. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Miller, Warren, Roy Pierce, Jacques Thomassen, Richard Herrera, Sören Holmberg, Peter Esaiasson, and Bernhard Wessels. 1999. Policy Representation in Western Democracies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Pardos-Prado, Sergi, and Elias Dinas. 2010. “Systemic Polarisation and Spatial Voting.” European Journal of Political Research 49 (6): 759–786. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6765.2010.01918.x
  • Rabinowitz, George, and Stuart Elaine Macdonald. 1989. “A Directional Theory of Issue Voting.” American Political Science Review 83 (1): 93–121. doi: 10.2307/1956436
  • Rosenbaum, Paul, and Donald Rubin. 1983. “The Central Role of the Propensity Score in Observational Studies for Causal Effects.” Biometrika 70 (1): 41–55. doi: 10.1093/biomet/70.1.41
  • Schmitt, Hermann, and Jacques Thomassen, eds. 1999. Political Representation and Legitimacy in the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Spencer-Brown, George. 1969. Laws of Form. London: Allen & Unwin.
  • Tomz, Michael, and Robert Van Houweling. 2008. “Candidate Positioning and Voter Choice.” American Political Science Review 102 (3): 303–318. doi: 10.1017/S0003055408080301
  • Van der Brug, Wouter, Mark Franklin, and Gábor Tóka. 2008. “One Electorate or Many? Differences in Party Preference Formation between New and Established European Democracies.” Electoral Studies 27 (4): 589–600. doi: 10.1016/j.electstud.2007.12.010
  • Van der Brug, Wouter, Cees van der Eijk, and Mark Franklin. 2007. “EU Support and Party Choice.” In European Elections and Domestic Politics, edited by Wouter van der Brug and Cees van der Eijk, 168–188. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.
  • Van der Eijk, Cees, and Michael Marsh. 2007. “A Comparison of the Validity of Non-ipsative Measures of Party Support.” APSA Annual Meeting, Chicago, August–September.
  • Van der Eijk, Cees, Wouter van der Brug, Martin Kroh, and Mark Franklin. 2006. “Rethinking the Dependent Variable in Voting Behavior: On the Measurement and Analysis of Electoral Utilities.” Electoral Studies 25 (3): 424–447. doi: 10.1016/j.electstud.2005.06.012
  • Westholm, Anders. 1997. “Distance versus Direction: The Illusory Defeat of the Proximity Theory of Electoral Choice.” American Political Science Review 91 (4): 865–883. doi: 10.2307/2952170

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.