References
- Angelini, J. R., MacArthur, P. J., & Billings, A. C. (2012). What’s the gendered story? Vancouver’s prime time Olympic glory on NBC. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 56(2), 261–279. doi:10.1080/08838151.2012.678515
- Bampton, R., & Cowton, C. J. (2002). The e-interview. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 3(2). Retrieved from http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/848 (accessed December 30, 2014).
- Blinde, E. M., Greendorfer, S. L., & Shanker, R. J. (1991). Differential media coverage of men’s and women’s intercollegiate basketball: Reflection of gender ideology. Journal of Sport & Social Issues, 15(2), 98–114.
- Bryson, L. (1990). Challenges to male hegemony in sport. In M. A. Messner & D. F. Sabo (Eds.), Sport, men, and the gender order: Critical feminist perspectives (pp. 173–184). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetic Publishers.
- Chambers, D., Steiner, L., & Fleming, C. (2004). Women and journalism. London: Routledge.
- Connell, R. W. (1995). Masculinities. Berkeley, CA: University of California.
- Cooky, C., Messner, M. A., & Hextrum, R. (2013). Women play sport, but not on TV: A longitudinal study of televised news media. Communication & Sport, 1 (3), 203–230.
- Curry, T. J. (1998). Beyond the locker room: Campus bars and college athletes. Sociology of Sport Journal, 15, 205–215.
- Dimond, J. P., Fiesler, C., DiSalvo, B., Pelc, J., & Bruckman, A. S. (2012). Qualitative data collection technologies: A comparison of instant messaging, email, and phone. In Proceedings of the 17th ACM International Conference on Supporting Group Work. New York: ACM. (pp. 277–280). Retrieved May 21, 2014 from http://jilldimond.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/group115-dimond.pdf
- Duncan, M. C. (2006). Gender warriors in sport: Women and the media. In A. A. Raney, & J. Bryant (Eds.), Handbook of sports and media (pp. 231–252). Mahway, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
- Egan, J. (2008). Email interview. In L. M. Given (Ed.), The sage encyclopedia of qualitative research methods (p. 244). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
- Everbach, T. (2008). Still in the minor leagues: A comparison of women’s sports coverage in female- and male-edited newspaper sports sections. Southwest Mass Communications Journal, 23(2), 55–68.
- Gregory, S. (2010). Why sports ratings are surging on TV. Time.com. Retrieved from http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,2010746,00.html.
- Hardin, M. (2005). Survey: Women overlooked in newspaper sports dept. Association of Women in Sports Media Newsletter. Retrieved from http://www.awsmonline.org/newsletters/newsletters_fall05.pdf
- Hardin, M., & Shain, S. (2005). Female sports journalists: Are we there yet? “No.” Newspaper Research Journal, 26(4), 22–35.
- Hardin, M., & Whiteside, E. (2006). Fewer women and minorities work in sports departments. Newspaper Research Journal, 27(2), 38–51.
- Hardin, M., & Whiteside, E. (2008). Maybe it’s not a “generational thing”: Values and beliefs of aspiring sport journalists about race and gender. Media Report to Women, 36, 8–16.
- Hardin, M., & Whiteside, E. (2009). Token responses to gendered newsrooms: Factors in the career-related decisions of female newspaper sports journalists. Journalism, 10(5), 627–646. doi:10.1177/14648849090100050501
- Hartmann, D. (2003). The sanctity of Sunday football: Why men love sports. Contexts, 2(4), 13–21. doi:10.1525/ctx.2003.2.4.13
- Hundley, H. L., & Billings, A. C. (2010). Examining identity in sports media. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
- James, N., & Busher, H. (2006). Credibility, authenticity and voice: Dilemmas in online interviewing. Qualitative Research, 6(3), 403–420. doi:10.1177/1468794106065010
- Jurkowitz, M., Hitlin, P., Mitchell, A., Santhanam, L., Adams, S., Anderson, M., & Vogt, N. (2013). The changing TV news landscape. Pew Research Center’s Project for Excellence in Journalism. Retrieved from http://stateofthemedia.org/2013/special-reports-landing-page/the-changing-tv-news-landscape
- Kanter, R. (2003). Men and women of the corporation. In R. J. Ely E. G. Foldy & M. A. Scully (Eds.), Reader in gender, work, and organization (pp. 34–48). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
- Katz, J. (Producer), & Jhally, S. (Director). (1999). Tough guise: Violence, media, and the crisis of masculinity [Motion Picture]. Northampton, MA: Media Education Foundation.
- Kian, E. M., & Hardin, M. (2009). Framing sports coverage based on the sex of sports writers: Female journalists counter the traditional gendering of media coverage. International Journal of Sport Communication, 2, 185–204.
- Lapchick, R., Little, E., Mathew, R., & Zahn, J. (2008). The 2008 racial and gender report card of the associated press sports editors. Orlando, FL: Institute for Diversity and Ethics in Sport. Retrieved from http://www.tidesport.org/RGRC/2008/2008_APSE_RGRC_Press_Release.pdf.
- LaVoi, N. M., Buysse, J., Maxwell, H. D., & Kane, M. J. (2007). The influence of occupational status and sex of decision maker on media representations in intercollegiate athletics. Women in Sport & Physical Activity Journal, 15, 32–43.
- Lumpkin, A. (2009). Female representation in feature articles published by Sports Illustrated in the 1990s. Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal, 18, 38–51.
- Mason, G. (1992). Looking into masculinity: Sport, media and the construction of the male body beautiful. Social Alternatives, 11(1), 27–32.
- McDaniel, S. R., & Sullivan, C. R. (1998). Extending the sports experience: Mediations in cyberspace. In L. A. Wenner (Ed.), Media sport (pp. 266–281). New York: Routledge.
- McKay, J., & Johnson, H. (2008). Pornographic eroticism and sexual grotesquerie in representations of African American sportswomen. Social Identities, 14, 491–504. doi:10.1080/13504630802211985
- Mean, L. (2001). Identity and discursive practice: Doing gender on the football pitch. Discourse & Society, 12(6), 789–815. doi:10.1177/0957926501012006004
- Messner, M. A. (1988). Sports and male domination: The female athlete as contested ideological terrain. Sociology of Sport Journal, 5, 197–211.
- Messner, M., & Cooky, C. (2010). Gender in televised sports: News and highlights shows, 1989–2009. Los Angeles: USC Center for Feminist Research. Retrieved from http://www.womenssportsfoundation.org.
- Nielsen. (2013). State of the media: 2012 year in sports. Retrieved from http://www.nielsen.com/content/dam/corporate/us/en/reports-downloads/2013%20Reports/Nielsen-2012-Year-In-Sports.pdf
- O’Reilly, J., & Cahn, S. K. (2007). Introduction. In J. O’Reilly & S. K. Cahn (Eds.), Women and sports in the United States: A documentary reader (pp. xi–xxii). Lebanon, NH: Northeastern University Press.
- Peters, B. (2001). The varied pace of women’s progress. Nieman Reports, 55(4), 97–99.
- Pew Research Center. (2005). Box scores and bylines: A snapshot of the newspaper sports page. Retrieved from http://www.journalism.org/node/50 (accessed February 14, 2013).
- Ratislavova, K., & Ratislav, J. (2014). Asynchronous email interview as a qualitative research method in the humanities. Human Affairs, 24(4), 452–460. doi:10.2478/s13374–014-0240-y
- Ricchiardi, S. (2005). Offensive interference. American Journalism Review, 26(6), 54.
- Riordan, C. M., Schafer, B. S., & Stewart, M. M. (2005). Relational demography within groups: Through the lens of discrimination. In R. L. Dipboye & A. Colella (Eds.), Discrimination at work (pp. 37–62). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
- Schmidt, H. C. (2013). Women, sports, and journalism: Examining the limited role of women in student newspaper sports reporting. Communication & Sport, 1(3), 246–268.
- Society of Professional Journalists. (1996). Society of professional journalists code of ethics. Retrieved from http://www.spj.org/ethicscode.asp
- Strong, C. (2007). Female journalists shun sports reporting: Lack of opportunity or lack of attractiveness. Communication Journal of New Zealand, 8, 7–18.
- Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. (1972). Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. Retrieved from http://www.justice.gov/crt/about/cor/coord/titleixstat.php
- Tuggle, C. A., Huffman, S., & Rosengard, D. S. (2002). A descriptive analysis of NBC’s coverage of the 2000 summer Olympics. Mass Communication and Society, 5(3), 361–375. doi:10.1207/s15327825mcs0503_7
- Ward, S. J. A. (2010). Global journalism ethics. Kingston, Canada: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
- Whannel, G. (2002). Media sports stars: Masculinities and moralities. London: Routledge.
- Willard, A. (2007). Why do women leave newspaper jobs? Quill, 95(4), 23.