References
- Hickam JB, Sieker HO, Frayser R. Studies of retinal circulation and A-V oxygen difference in man. Trans Am Clin Climatol Assoc. 1959;71(657):34–44.
- Hickam JB, Frayser R, Ross JC. A study of retinal venous blood oxygen saturation in human subjects by photographic means. Circulation. 1963;27(3):375–385.
- Hickam JB, Frayser R. Studies of the retinal circulation in man. Observations on vessel diameter, arteriovenous oxygen difference, and mean circulation time. Circulation. 1966;XXXIII(February):302–316.
- Hardarson SH, Harris A, Karlsson RA, et al. Automatic retinal oximetry. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006;47(11):5011–5016.
- Beach J. Pathway to retinal oximetry. Transl Vis Sci Technol. [Internet]. 2014; 3(5): 1–9. Available from: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=4164112&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract
- Hammer M, Vilser W, Riemer T, et al. Retinal venous oxygen saturation increases by flicker light stimulation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(1):274–277.
- Hammer M, Heller T, Jentsch S, et al. Retinal vessel oxygen saturation under flicker light stimulation in patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012;53(7):4063–4068.
- Heitmar R, Varma C, De P, et al. The relationship of systemic markers of renal function and vascular function with retinal blood vessel responses. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2016;254(11):2257–2265.
- Heitmar R, Summers RJ. The time course of changes in retinal vessel diameter in response to differing durations of flicker light provocation. Investig Opthalmol Vis Sci. 2015;56(12):7581.
- Felder AE, Wanek J, Blair NP, et al. Inner retinal oxygen extraction fraction in response to light flicker stimulation in humans. Inves Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015;56(11):6633–6637.
- Hardarson SH, Basit S, Jonsdottir TE, et al. Oxygen saturation in human retinal vessels is higher in dark than in light. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009;50(5):2308–2311.
- Hammer M, Vilser W, Riemer T, et al. Retinal vessel oximetry-calibration, compensation for vessel diameter and fundus pigmentation, and reproducibility. J Biomed Opt. 2008;13(5):1–7.
- Kristjansdottir JV, Hardarson SH, Halldorsson GH, et al. Retinal oximetry with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope. Investig Opthalmol Vis Sci. 2014;55(5):3120.
- Choudhary TR, Ball D, Fernandez Ramos J, et al. Assessment of acute mild hypoxia on retinal oxygen saturation using snapshot retinal oximetry. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54(12):38–43.
- MacKenzie LE, Choudhary TR, McNaught AI, et al. In vivo oximetry of human bulbar conjunctival and episcleral microvasculature using snapshot multispectral imaging. Exp Eye Res. 2016;149:48–58.
- Tiedeman JS, Kirk SE, Srinivas S, et al. Retinal oxygen consumption during hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes without retinopathy. Ophthalmology. 1998;105(1):31–36.
- Jørgensen CM, Hardarson SH, Bek T. The oxygen saturation in retinal vessels from diabetic patients depends on the severity and type of vision-threatening retinopathy. Acta Ophthalmol. 2014;92(1):34–39.
- Jørgensen C, Bek T. Increasing oxygen saturation in larger retinal vessels after photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy. Inves Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014;55(8):5365–5369.
- Hammer M, Vilser W, Riemer T, et al. Diabetic patients with retinopathy show increased retinal venous oxygen saturation. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2009;247(8):1025–1030.
- Hardarson SH, Stefánsson E. Retinal oxygen saturation is altered in diabetic retinopathy. Br J Ophthalmol. 2012;96(4):560–563.
- Olafsdottir OB, Hardarson SH, Gottfredsdottir MS, et al. Retinal oximetry in primary open-angle glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(9):6409–6413.
- Olafsdottir OB, Vandewalle E, Abegão PL, et al. Retinal oxygen metabolism in healthy subjects and glaucoma patients. Br J Opthalmology. 2014;98(3):329–333.
- Vandewalle E, Pinto LA, Olafsdottir OB, et al. Oximetry in glaucoma: correlation of metabolic change with structural and functional damage. Acta Ophthalmol. 2014;92(2):105–110.
- Mordant DJ, Al-Abboud I, Muyo G, et al. Oxygen saturation measurements of the retinal vasculature in treated asymmetrical primary open-angle glaucoma using hyperspectral imaging. Eye. 2014;28(10):1190–1200.
- Boeckaert J, Vandewalle E, Stalmans I. Oximetry: recent insights into retinal vasopathies and glaucoma. Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol. 2012;319:75–83.
- Hardarson SH, Stefánsson E. Oxygen saturation in branch retinal vein occlusion. Acta Ophthalmol. 2012;90(5):466–470.
- Hardarson SH, Elfarsson A, Agnarsson BA, et al. Retinal oximetry in central retinal artery occlusion. Acta Ophthalmol. 2013;91(2):189–190.
- Eliasdottir TS, Bragason D, Hardarson SH, et al. Venous oxygen saturation is reduced and variable in central retinal vein occlusion. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2015;253:1653–1661.
- Lin -L-L, Dong Y-M, Zong Y, et al. Study of retinal vessel oxygen saturation in ischemic and non-ischemic branch retinal vein occlusion. Int J Ophthalmol. 2016;9(1):99–107.
- Kristjansdottir JV, Hardarson SH, Harvey AR, et al. Choroidal oximetry with a noninvasive spectrophotometric oximeter. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54(5):3234–3239.
- Li H, Lu J, Shi G, et al. Measurement of oxygen saturation in small retinal vessels with adaptive optics confocal scanning laser opthalmoscopy. JBO Lett. [Internet]. 2011; 1611. Available from: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3005164&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract
- Hammer M, Leistritz S, Leistritz L, et al. Light paths in retinal vessel oxymetry. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. [Internet]. 2001; 48(5): 592–598. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11341533
- Beach JM, Schwenzer KJ, Srinivas S, et al. Oximetry of retinal vessels by dual-wavelength imaging: calibration and influence of pigmentation. J Appl Physiol. 1999;86(2):748–758.
- Mackenzie LE. In vivo microvascular oximetry using multispectral imaging. Chapter 5: Rat spinal cord oximetry. 2016 November. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7732/
- Smith MH. Optimum wavelength combinations for retinal vessel oximetry. Appl Opt. 1999;38(1):258–267.
- Eliasdottir TS, Bragason D, Hardarson SH, et al. Retinal oximetry measures systemic hypoxia in central nervous system vessels in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PLoS One. 2017;12:3.
- Vehmeijer WB, Magnusdottir V, Eliasdottir TS, et al. Oximetry with scanning laser ophthalmoscope in infants. PLoS One. [Internet]. 2016; 11(2): e0148077. Available from: http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148077
- Pittman R, Duling B. A new method for the measurement of percent oxyhemoglobin. J Appl Physiol. 1975;38:2.
- Delori FC. Noninvasive technique for oximetry of blood in retinal vessels. Appl Opt. 1988;27(6):1113–1125.
- Delori FC. Spectrophotometer for noninvasive measurement of intrinsic fluorescence and reflectance of the ocular fundus. Appl Opt. 1994;33(31):7439–7452.
- Van Der Putten MA, MacKenzie LE, Davies AL, et al. A multispectral microscope for in vivo oximetry of rat dorsal spinal cord vasculature. Physiol Meas. 2017;38(2):205–218.
- Sorg BS, Moeller BJ, Donovan O, et al. Hyperspectral imaging of hemoglobin saturation in tumor microvasculature and tumor hypoxia development. J Biomed Opt. 2005;10(4):44004.
- Sorg BS, Hardee ME, Agarwal N, et al. Spectral imaging facilitates visualization and measurements of unstable and abnormal microvascular oxygen transport in tumors. J Biomed Opt. 2008;13(1):14026.
- Hammer M, Schweitzer D. Quantitative reflection spectroscopy at the human ocular fundus. Phys Med Biol. [Internet]. 2002; 47(2): 179–191. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11837611
- Schweitzer D, Hammer M, Kraft J, et al. In vivo measurement of the oxygen saturation of retinal vessels in healthy volunteers. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1999;46(12):1454–1465.
- Drewes J, Smith M, Hiliman L, et al. Instrument for the measurement of retinal vessel oxygen saturation. Bios’99 Int Biomed Opt Symp Int Soc Opt Photonics. 1999;3591(January):114–120.
- Smith MH, Denninghoff KR, Lompando A, et al. Retinal vessel oximetry: toward absolute calibration. Proc SPIE. 2000;3908:217–226.
- Alabboud I, Muyo G, Gorman A, et al. New spectral imaging techniques for blood oximetry in the retina. Proc. SPIE 6631, Nov. Opt Instrum Biomed Appl III. [Internet]. 2007;6631. Available from: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/proceeding.aspx?articleid=812975
- Mordant DJ, Al-Abboud I, Muyo G, et al. Spectral imaging of the retina. Eye. 2011;25(3):309–320.
- Salyer DA, Beaudry N, Basavanthappa S, et al. Retinal oximetry using intravitreal illumination. Curr Eye Res. [Internet]. 2006;31:617–627. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16877270
- Khoobehi B, Ning J, Puissegur E, et al. Retinal oxygen saturation evaluation by multi-spectral fundus imaging. 6511, 65110B–65110B–6 (2007). Available from: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/proceeding.aspx?articleid=1299476.
- Arimoto H, Furukawa H. Retinal oximetry with 510-600 nm light based on partial least-squares regression technique. Jpn J Appl Phys. 2010;49:11.
- Gao L, Smith RT, Tkaczyk TS. Snapshot hyperspectral retinal camera with the Image Mapping Spectrometer (IMS). Biomed Opt Express. [Internet]. 2012; 3(1): 48–54. Available from: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3255341&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract
- Hendargo HC, Zhao Y, Allenby T, et al. Snap-shot multispectral imaging of vascular dynamics in a mouse window-chamber model. Opt Lett. [Internet]. 2015; 40(14): 3292–3295. Available from: http://ol.osa.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-40-14-3292
- Ramella-Roman JC, Mathews SA. Spectroscopic measurements of oxygen saturation in the retina. IEEE J Sel Top Quantum Electron. 1697–1703;13(6):2007.
- Gorman A, Fletcher-Holmes DW, Harvey AR. Generalization of the Lyot filter and its application to snapshot spectral imaging. Opt Express. 2010;18(6):5602–5608.
- Ramos JF, Brewer LR, Gorman A, et al. Video-Rate Multispectral Imaging: Application to Microscopy and Macroscopy. In Computational Optical Sensing and Imaging, pp. CW1C-3. Optical Society of America, 2014. Available from: http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=COSI-2014-CW1C.3
- Lisenko SA, Firago VA, Kugeiko MM, et al. Determination of structural and morphological parameters of human bulbar conjunctiva from optical diffuse reflectance spectra. J Appl Spectrosc. [Internet]. 2016; 83(4): 617–626. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10812-016-0337-7
- MacKenzie LE, Choudhary TR, McNaught AI, et al. Comment on the influence of episcleral blood vessels in diffuse reflectance spectroscopy measurements of the bulbar conjunctiva. J Appl Spectrosc. 2017;84(1):174–185.
- Patel SR, Hudson C, Flanagan JG, et al. The effect of simulated cataract light scatter on retinal vessel oximetry. Exp Eye Res. 2013;116:185–189.
- Heitmar R, Attardo A. The influence of simulated cataract on retinal vessel oximetry measurements. Acta Ophthalmol. 2016;94(1):48–55.
- Shonat RD, Wachman S. Near-simultaneous hemoglobin saturation and oxygen tension maps in mouse brain using an AOTF microscope. Biophys J. 1997;73(September):1223–1231.
- Yudovsky D, Nouvong A, Schomacker K, et al. Assessing diabetic foot ulcer development risk with hyperspectral tissue oximetry. J Biomed Opt. [Internet]. 2011; 16(2): 26009. Available from: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3048880&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract
- Clancy NT, Arya S, Stoyanov D, et al. Intraoperative measurement of bowel oxygen saturation using a multispectral imaging laparoscope. Biomed Opt Express. [Internet]. 2015; 6(10): 4179–4190. Available from: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=4605073&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract
- Gupta N, Ramella-Roman JC. Detection of blood oxygen level by noninvasive passive spectral imaging of skin. Proc SPIE. [Internet]. 2008;6842:68420C–68420C–8. Available from: https://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/proceeding.aspx?doi=10.1117/12.768708
- Chin MS, Freniere BB, Lo Y-C, et al. Hyperspectral imaging for early detection of oxygenation and perfusion changes in irradiated skin. J Biomed Opt [Internet]. 2012;17:26010. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22463042
- Townsend D, D’Aiuto F, Deanfield J. In vivo capillary loop hemoglobin spectroscopy in labial, sublingual, and periodontal tissues. Microcirculation [Internet]. 2015;22(6):475–484. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/micc.12218
- Hirohara Y, Okawa Y, Mihashi T, et al. Validity of retinal oxygen saturation analysis: hyperspectral imaging in visible wavelength with fundus camera and liquid crystal wavelength tunable filter. Opt Rev. 2007;14(3):151–158.
- Mordant DJ, Al-Abboud I, Muyo G, et al. Validation of human whole blood oximetry, using a hyperspectral fundus camera with a model eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52(5):2851–2859.
- Furukawa H, Arimoto H, Shirai T, et al. Oximetry of retinal capillaries by multicomponent analysis. Appl Spectrosc. 2012;66(8):962–969.
- Patel SR, Flanagan JG, Shahidi AM, et al. A prototype hyperspectral system with a tunable laser source for retinal vessel imaging. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54(8):5163–5168.
- Levenson R. Spectral imaging in biomedicine: A selective overview. Proc SPIE. [Internet]. 1998;3438:300–312. Available from: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/proceeding.aspx?articleid=957034
- Ashman RA, Reinholz F, Eikelboom RH. Oximetry with a multiple wavelength SLO. Int Ophthalmol. 2001;23(4–6):343–346.
- Jiang H, Zhong J, DeBuc DC, et al. Functional slit lamp biomicroscopy for imaging bulbar conjunctival microvasculature in contact lens wearers. Microvasc Res. [Internet]. 2014;92:62–71. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24444784
- Van Zijderveld R, Ince C, Schlingemann RO. Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging of conjunctival microcirculation. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. [Internet]. 2014. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24627137
- Faber DJ, Van Leeuwen TG. Are quantitative attenuation measurements of blood by optical coherence tomography feasible? Opt Lett. 2009;34(9):1435–1437.
- Lu C-W, Lee C-K, Tsai M-T, et al. Measurement of the hemoglobin oxygen saturation level with spectroscopic spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Opt Lett. 2008;33(5):416–418.
- Kagemann L, Wollstein G, Wojtkowski M, et al. Spectral oximetry assessed with high-speed ultra-high-resolution optical coherence tomography. J Biomed Opt. [Internet]. 2007;12(4). Available from http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2916162&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract
- Robles FE, Chowdhury S, Wax A. Assessing hemoglobin concentration using spectroscopic optical coherence tomography for feasibility of tissue diagnostics. Biomed Opt Express. [Internet]. 2010; 1(1): 310–317. Available from: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3005160&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract
- Yi J, Li X. Estimation of oxygen saturation from erythrocytes by high-resolution spectroscopic optical coherence tomography. Opt Lett. 2010;35(12):2094–2096.
- Yi J, Liu W, Chen S, et al. Visible light optical coherence tomography measures retinal oxygen metabolic response to systemic oxygenation. Light Sci Appl. [Internet]. 2015;4:e334. Available from: http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/lsa.2015.107
- Chen S, Yi J, Zhang HF. Measuring oxygen saturation in retinal and choroidal circulations in rats using visible light optical coherence tomography angiography. Biomed Opt Express. [Internet]. 2015; 6(8): 2840. Available from: https://www.osapublishing.org/abstract.cfm?URI=boe-6-8-2840
- Chong SP, Merkle CW, Leahy C, et al. Quantitative microvascular hemoglobin mapping using visible light spectroscopic optical coherence tomography. Biomed Opt Express. [Internet]. 2015; 6(4): 1429. Available from: https://www.osapublishing.org/boe/abstract.cfm?uri=boe-6-4-1429
- Beard P. Biomedical photoacoustic imaging. Interface Focus. [Internet]. 2011; 1(4): 602–631. Available from: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3262268&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract
- Liu W, Zhang HF. Photoacoustic imaging of the eye: a mini review. Biochem Pharmacol. [Internet]. 2016. Available from http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pacs.2016.05.001.
- Klefter ON, Lauritsen AØ, Larsen M Retinal hemodynamic oxygen reactivity assessed by perfusion velocity, blood oximetry and vessel diameter measurements. Acta Ophthalmol. 1–10 (2014). [Internet]., Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25270587.
- Humphreys S, Deyermond R, Bali I, et al. The effect of high altitude commercial air travel on oxygen saturation. Anaesthesia [Internet]. 2005; 60(5): 458–460. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15819766
- Lemaillet P, Ramella-Roman JC. Dynamic eye phantom for retinal oximetry measurements. J Biomed Opt. [Internet] 2009; 146. Available from: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2917460&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract
- Klose HJ, Volger E, Brechtelsbauer H, et al. Microrheology and light transmission of blood. Pflügers Archiv Eur J Physiol. [Internet]. 1972; 333(2): 126–139. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BF00586912
- Hammer M, Schweitzer D, Michel B, et al. Single scattering by red blood cells. Appl Opt. 1998;37(31):7410–7418.
- Rodmell PI, Crowe JA, Gorman A, et al. Light path-length distributions within the retina. J Biomed Opt. [Internet]. 2014;19:36008. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24615644
- Briley-Saebo K, Bjornerud A. Accurate de-oxygenation of ex vivo whole blood using sodium dithionite. Proc Intl Soc Mag Reson Med. 2000;8:2025.
- Ghassemi P, Wang J, Melchiorri AJ, et al. Rapid prototyping of biomimetic vascular phantoms for hyperspectral reflectance imaging. J Biomed Opt. [Internet]. 2015;20:121312. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26662064
- Wang J, Ghassemi P, Melchiorri A, et al. 3D printed biomimetic vascular phantoms for assessment of hyperspectral imaging systems. Des. Perform. Valid. Phantoms Used Conjunction with Opt. Meas. Tissue VII, Proc. SPIE. 9325 (2015).
- MacKenzie LE In vivo microvascular oximetry using multispectral imaging. Chapter 4: Oximetric ratio contrast angiography (ORCA) [Internet]. 2016. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/id/eprint/7732.
- Corcoran A, Muyo G, Van Hemert J, et al. Application of a wide-field phantom eye for optical coherence tomography and reflectance imaging. J Mod Opt. [Internet]. 2015; 62(21): 1828–1838. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26740737%5Cnhttp://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC4685623