Where in the brain is morality? Everywhere and maybe nowhere

REFERENCES

• Adolphs , R. 2010 . What does the amygdala contribute to social cognition? . Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , 1191 : 42 – 61 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alicke , M. D. , Buckingham , J. , Zell , E. and Davis , T. 2008 . Culpable control and counterfactual reasoning in the psychology of blame . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 34 ( 10 ) : 1371 – 1381 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson , M. L. in press . Neural re-use as a fundamental organizational principle of the brain . Behavioral and Brain Sciences ,
   Google Scholar
• Anderson , N. and Cuneo , D. 1978 . The height + width rule in children's judgments of quantity . Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 107 ( 4 ) : 335 – 378 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson , S. W. , Barrash , J. , Bechara , A. and Tranel , D. 2006 . Impairments of emotion and real-world complex behavior following childhood- or adult-onset damage to ventromedial prefrontal cortex . Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , 12 ( 2 ) : 224 – 235 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atran , S. and Henrich , J. 2010 . The evolution of religion: How cognitive by-products, adaptive learning heuristics, ritual displays, and group competition generate deep commitments to prosocial religions . Biological Theory , 5 ( 1 ) : 18 – 30 .
   Google Scholar
• Baird , J. A. and Astington , J. W. 2004 . The role of mental state understanding in the development of moral cognition and moral action . New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development , 103 : 37 – 49 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barrash , J. , Tranel , D. and Anderson , S. 2000 . Acquired personality disturbances associated with bilateral damage to the ventromedial prefrontal region . Developmental Neuropsychology , 18 : 355 – 381 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bastian , B. , Jetten , J. and Fasoli , F. in press . Cleansing the soul by hurting the flesh: The guilt-reducing effect of pain . Psychological Science ,
   Google Scholar
• Bechara , A. and Damasio , A. R. 2005 . The somatic marker hypothesis: A neural theory of economic decision . Games and Economic Behavior , 52 ( 2 ) : 336 – 372 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blair , R. J. 1996 . Brief report: Morality in the autistic child . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 26 ( 5 ) : 571 – 579 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blair , R. J. R. 1995 . A cognitive developmental approach to morality: Investigating the psychopath . Cognition , 57 : 1 – 29 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blair , R. J. R. 1997 . Moral reasoning and the child with psychopathic tendencies . Personality and Individual Differences , 22 : 731 – 739 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bloom , P. May 9 2010 . “ The Moral Life of Babies ” . In New York Times Magazine May 9 , MM44
   Google Scholar
• Borg , J. S. , Hynes , C. , Van Horn , J. , Grafton , S. and Sinnott-Armstrong , W. 2006 . Consequences, action, and intention as factors in moral judgments: An fMRI investigation . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 18 ( 5 ) : 803 – 817 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Branscombe , N. , Owen , S. , Garstka , T. and Coleman , J. 1996 . Rape and accident counterfactuals: Who might have done otherwise and would it have changed the outcome? . Journal of Applied Social Psychology , 26 : 1042 – 1067 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buccino , G. , Baumgaertner , A. , Colle , L. , Buechel , C. , Rizzolatti , G. and Binkofski , F. 2007 . The neural basis for understanding non-intended actions . NeuroImage , 36 ( Suppl 2 ) : T119 – 127 .
   Google Scholar
• Ciaramelli , E. , Muccioli , M. , Ladavas , E. and di Pellegrino , G. 2007 . Selective deficit in personal moral judgment following damage to ventromedial prefrontal cortex . Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience , 2 ( 2 ) : 84 – 92 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen , A. B. and Rozin , P. 2001 . Religion and the morality of mentality . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 81 ( 4 ) : 697 – 710 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corbetta , M. , Kincade , J. M. , Ollinger , J. M. , McAvoy , M. P. and Shulman , G. L. 2000 . Voluntary orienting is dissociated from target detection in human posterior parietal cortex . Nature Neuroscience , 3 ( 3 ) : 292 – 297 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corbetta , M. and Shulman , G. L. 2002 . Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain . Nature Reviews Neuroscience , 3 ( 3 ) : 201 – 215 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cushman , F. 2008 . Crime and punishment: Distinguishing the roles of causal and intentional analysis in moral judgment . Cognition , 108 ( 2 ) : 353 – 380 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cushman , F. , Dreber , A. , Wang , Y. and Costa , J. 2009 . Accidental outcomes guide punishment in a “trembling hand” game . PLoS One , 4 ( 8 ) : e6699
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cushman , F. and Young , L. in press . Patterns of moral judgment derive from non-moral psychological representations . Cognitive Science ,
   Google Scholar
• Decety , J. and Lamm , C. 2007 . The role of the right temporoparietal junction in social interaction: How low-level computational processes contribute to meta-cognition . Neuroscientist , 13 ( 6 ) : 580 – 593 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferstl , E. C. , Neumann , J. , Bogler , C. and von Cramon , D. Y. 2008 . The extended language network: A meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies on text comprehension . Human Brain Mapping , 29 ( 5 ) : 581 – 593 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fincham , F. D. and Jaspers , J. 1979 . Attribution of responsibility to the self and other in children and adults . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 37 ( 9 ) : 1589 – 1602 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fine , C. 2006 . Is the emotional dog wagging its rational tail, or chasing it? Reason in moral judgment . Philosophical Explorations , 9 ( 1 ) : 83 – 98 .
   Google Scholar
• Graham , J. and Haidt , J. in press . Beyond beliefs: Religion binds individuals into moral communities . Personality and Social Psychology Review ,
   Google Scholar
• Graham , J. , Haidt , J. and Nosek , B. A. 2009 . Liberals and conservatives rely on different sets of moral foundations . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 96 ( 5 ) : 1029 – 1046 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray , K. and Wegner , D. M. 2009 . Moral typecasting: Divergent perceptions of moral agents and moral patients . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 96 ( 3 ) : 505 – 520 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greene , J. D. and Haidt , J. 2002 . How (and where) does moral judgment work? . Trends in Cognitive Science , 6 : 517 – 523 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greene , J. D. , Morelli , S. A. , Lowenberg , K. , Nystrom , L. E. and Cohen , J. D. 2008 . Cognitive load selectively interferes with utilitarian moral judgment . Cognition , 107 ( 3 ) : 1144 – 1154 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greene , J. D. , Nystrom , L. E. , Engell , A. D. , Darley , J. M. and Cohen , J. D. 2004 . The neural bases of cognitive conflict and control in moral judgment . Neuron , 44 : 389 – 400 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greene , J. D. , Sommerville , R. B. , Nystrom , L. E. , Darley , J. M. and Cohen , J. D. 2001 . An fMRI investigation of emotional engagement in moral judgment . Science , 293 : 2105 – 2108 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grezes , J. , Frith , C. D. and Passingham , R. E. 2004 . Inferring false beliefs from the actions of oneself and others: An fMRI study . NeuroImage , 21 ( 2 ) : 744 – 750 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haidt , J. 2001 . The emotional dog and its rational tail: A social intuitionist approach to moral judgment . Psychological Review , 108 ( 4 ) : 814 – 834 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haidt , J. 2007 . The new synthesis in moral psychology . Science , 316 : 998 – 1002 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamilton , V. and Sanders , J. 1983 . Universals in judging wrongdoing: Japanese and Americans compared . American Sociological Review , 48 : 199 – 211 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamlin , J. K. , Wynn , K. and Bloom , P. 2007 . Social evaluation by preverbal infants . Nature , 450 ( 7169 ) : 557 – 559 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harenski , C. L. and Hamaan , S. 2006 . Neural correlates of regulating negative emotions related to moral violations . NeuroImage , 30 ( 1 ) : 313 – 324 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hauser , M. D. 2006 . Moral minds: How nature designed a universal sense of right and wrong , New York, NY : HarperCollins .
   Google Scholar
• Heekeren , H. R. , Wartenburger , I. , Schmidt , H. , Schwintowski , H. P. and Villringer , A. 2003 . An fMRI study of simple ethical decision-making . Neuroreport , 14 : 1215 – 1219 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henrich , J. and Boyd , R. 2001 . Why people punish defectors: Weak conformist transmission can stabilize costly enforcement of norms in cooperative dilemmas . Journal of Theoretical Biology , 208 : 79 – 89 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu , M. , Anen , C. and Quartz , S. R. 2008 . The right and the good: Distributive justice and neural encoding of equity and efficiency . Science , 320 ( 5879 ) : 1092 – 1095 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inbar , Y. , Pizarro , D. A. , Knobe , J. and Bloom , P. 2009 . Disgust sensitivity predicts intuitive disapproval of gays . Emotion , 9 ( 3 ) : 435 – 439 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins , A. C. and Mitchell , J. P. 2009 . Mentalizing under uncertainty: Dissociated neural responses to ambiguous and unambiguous mental state inferences . Cerebral Cortex , 20 ( 2 ) : 404 – 410 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanwisher , N. 2010 . Functional specificity in the human brain: A window into the functional architecture of the mind . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , 107 ( 25 ) : 11163 – 11170 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly , D. , Stich , S. , Haley , K. , Eng , S. and Fessler , D. 2007 . Harm, affect, and the moral/conventional distinction . Mind and Language , 22 ( 2 ) : 117 – 131 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kennett , J. and Fine , C. 2009 . Will the real moral judgment please stand up? The implications of social intuitionist models of cognition for meta-ethics and moral psychology . Ethical Theory and Moral Practice , 12 ( 1 ) : 77 – 96 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kliemann , D. , Young , L. , Scholz , J. and Saxe , R. 2008 . The influence of prior record on moral judgment . Neuropsychologia , 46 ( 12 ) : 2949 – 2957 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knobe , J. 2005 . Theory of mind and moral cognition: Exploring the connections . Trends in Cognitive Sciences , 9 : 357 – 359 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koenigs , M. , Young , L. , Adolphs , R. , Tranel , D. , Cushman , F. Hauser , M. 2007 . Damage to the prefrontal cortex increases utilitarian moral judgments . Nature , 446 : 908 – 911 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhlmeier , V. , Wynn , K. and Bloom , P. 2003 . Attribution of dispositional states by 12-month-olds . Psychological Science , 14 ( 5 ) : 402 – 408 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leslie , A. M. , Mallon , R. and DiCorcia , J. A. 2006 . Transgressors, victims, and cry babies: Is basic moral judgment spared in autism? . Social Neuroscience , 1 ( 3–4 ) : 270 – 283 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowery , B. S. , Unzueta , M. M. , Knowles , E. D. and Goff , P. A. 2006 . Concern for the in-group and opposition to affirmative action . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 90 ( 6 ) : 961 – 974 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mendez , M. , Anderson , E. and Shapira , J. 2005 . An investigation of moral judgment in frontotemporal dementia . Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology , 18 ( 4 ) : 193 – 197 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mendez , M. , Chen , A. , Shapira , J. and Miller , B. 2005 . Acquired sociopathy and frontotemporal dementia . Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders , 20 ( 2–3 ) : 99 – 104 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mikhail , J. M. 2002 . Aspects of a theory of moral cognition , Unpublished Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper Series University Law Center .
   Google Scholar
• Mikhail , J. M. 2007 . Universal moral grammar: Theory, evidence and the future . Trends in Cognitive Sciences , 11 ( 4 ) : 143 – 152 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell , J. P. 2008 . Activity in right temporo-parietal junction is not selective for theory-of-mind . Cerebral Cortex , 18 : 262 – 271 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moll , J. , de Oliveira-Souza , R. , Bramati , I. E. and Grafman , J. 2002 . Functional networks in emotional moral and nonmoral social judgments . NeuroImage , 16 : 696 – 703 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moll , J. , de Oliveira-Souza , R. , Eslinger , P. J. , Bramati , I. E. , Mourao-Miranda , J. Andreiulo , P. A. 2002 . The neural correlates of moral sensitivity: A functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation of basic and moral emotions . Journal of Neuroscience , 22 : 2730 – 2736 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moll , J. , de Oliveira-Souza , R. , Moll , F. T. , Ignacio , F. A. , Bramati , I. E. Caparelli-Daquer , E. M. 2005 . The moral affiliations of disgust . Journal of Cognitive Behavioral Neurology , 18 ( 1 ) : 68 – 78 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moll , J. , Eslinger , P. J. and de Oliveira-Souza , R. 2001 . Frontopolar and anterior temporal cortex activation in a moral judgment task: Preliminary functional MRI results in normal subjects . Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria , 59 ( 3-B ) : 657 – 664 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Monin , B. , Pizarro , D. and Beer , J. S. 2007 . Deciding versus reacting: Conceptions of moral judgment and the reason-affect debate . Review of General Psychology , 11 : 99 – 111 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moran , J. M. , Young , L. L. , Saxe , R. , Lee , S. M. , O'Young , D. Mavros , P. L. 2011 . Impaired theory of mind for moral judgment in high-functioning autism . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , 108 : 2688 – 2692 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nichols , S. 2002 . Norms with feeling: Toward a psychological account of moral judgment . Cognition , 84 : 221 – 236 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ongur , D. and Price , J. 2000 . The organization of networks within the orbital and medial prefrontal cortex of rats, monkeys, and humans . Cerebral Cortex , 10 : 206 – 219 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paxton , J. M. and Greene , J. 2010 . Moral reasoning: Hints and allegations . Topics in Cognitive Science , 2 : 511 – 527 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pelphrey , K. A. , Morris , J. P. and McCarthy , G. 2004 . Grasping the intentions of others: The perceived intentionality of an action influences activity in the superior temporal sulcus during social perception . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 16 ( 10 ) : 1706 – 1716 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perner , J. , Aichhorn , M. , Kronbichler , M. , Staffen , W. and Ladurner , G. 2006 . Thinking of mental and other representations: The roles of left and right temporo-parietal junction . Social Neuroscience , 1 ( 3–4 ) : 245 – 258 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piaget , J. 1965/1932 . The moral judgment of the child , New York, NY : Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Poldrack , R. 2006 . Can cognitive processes be inferred from neuroimaging data? . Trends in Cognitive Sciences , 10 : 59 – 63 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prinz , J. J. 2004 . Gut reactions , New York, NY : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Rawls , J. 1971 . A theory of justice , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Rolls , E. 2000 . The orbitofrontal cortex and reward . Cerebral Cortex , 3 : 284 – 294 .
   Google Scholar
• Saxe , R. and Kanwisher , N. 2003 . People thinking about thinking people. The role of the temporo-parietal junction in “theory of mind” . NeuroImage , 19 ( 4 ) : 1835 – 1842 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saxe , R. and Powell , L. 2006 . It's the thought that counts: Specific brain regions for one component of theory of mind . Psychological Science , 17 ( 8 ) : 692 – 699 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saxe , R. , Schulz , L. and Jiang , L. 2006 . Reading minds versus following rules: Dissociating theory of mind and executive control in the brain . Social Neuroscience , 1 ( 3–4 ) : 284 – 298 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scholz , J. , Triantafyllou , C. , Whitfield-Gabrieli , S. , Brown , E. N. and Saxe , R. 2009 . Distinct regions of right temporo-parietal junction are selective for theory of mind and exogenous attention . PLoS One , 4 ( 3 ) : e4869
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shenhav , A. and Greene , J. D. 2010 . Moral judgments recruit domain-general valuation mechanisms to integrate representations of probability and magnitude . Neuron , 67 ( 4 ) : 667 – 677 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simos , P. G. , Basile , L. F. and Papanicolaou , A. C. 1997 . Source localization of the N400 response in a sentence-reading paradigm using evoked magnetic fields and magnetic resonance imaging . Brain Research , 762 ( 1–2 ) : 29 – 39 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinnott-Armstrong , W. 2007 . Is moral phenomenology unified? . Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences , 7 : 85 – 97 .
   Google Scholar
• Sosis , R. and Bressler , E. 2003 . Cooperation and commune longevity: A test of the costly signaling theory of religion . Cross-Cultural Research , 37 ( 2 ) : 211 – 239 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone , V. E. and Gerrans , P. 2006 . What's domain-specific about theory of mind? . Social Neuroscience , 1 ( 3–4 ) : 309 – 319 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turiel , E. 1983 . The development of social knowledge: Morality and convention , Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Valdesolo , P. and DeSteno , D. 2006 . Manipulations of emotional context shape moral judgment . Psychological Science , 17 ( 6 ) : 476 – 477 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van den Bos , K. and Miedema , J. 2000 . Toward understanding why fairness matters: The influence of mortality salience on reactions to procedural fairness . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 79 ( 3 ) : 355 – 366 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Virtue , S. , Parrish , T. and Jung-Beeman , M. 2008 . Inferences during story comprehension: Cortical recruitment affected by predictability of events and working memory capacity . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 20 ( 12 ) : 2274 – 2284 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waytz , A. , Gray , K. , Epley , N. and Wegner , D. M. 2010 . Causes and consequences of mind perception . Trends in Cognitive Sciences , 14 ( 8 ) : 383 – 388 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wheatley , T. and Haidt , J. 2005 . Hypnotic disgust makes moral judgments more severe . Psychological Science , 16 ( 10 ) : 780 – 784 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woolfolk , R. L. , Doris , J. M. and Darley , J. M. 2006 . Identification, situational constraint, and social cognition: Studies in the attribution of moral responsibility . Cognition , 100 ( 2 ) : 283 – 301 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , L. , Bechara , A. , Tranel , D. , Damasio , H. , Hauser , M. and Damasio , A. 2010 . Damage to ventromedial prefrontal cortex impairs judgment of harmful intent . Neuron , 65 : 845 – 851 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , L. , Camprodon , J. , Hauser , M. , Pascual-Leone , A. and Saxe , R. 2010 . Disruption of the right temporo-parietal junction with transcranial magnetic stimulation reduces the role of beliefs in moral judgment . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , 107 : 6753 – 6758 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , L. , Cushman , F. , Hauser , M. and Saxe , R. 2007 . The neural basis of the interaction between theory of mind and moral judgment . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , 104 ( 20 ) : 8235 – 8240 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , L. , Dodell-Feder , D. and Saxe , R. 2010 . What gets the attention of the temporo-parietal junction? An fMRI investigation of attention and theory of mind . Neuropsychologia , 48 ( 9 ) : 2658 – 2664 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , L. and Koenigs , M. 2007 . Investigating emotion in moral cognition: A review of evidence from functional neuroimaging and neuropsychology . British Medical Bulletin , 84 : 69 – 79 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , L. , Nichols , S. and Saxe , R. 2010 . Investigating the neural and cognitive basis of moral luck: It's not what you do but what you know . Review of Philosophy and Psychology , 1 : 333 – 349 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Young , L. and Phillips , J . in press . The paradox of moral focus . Cognition ,
   Google Scholar
• Young , L. and Saxe , R. 2008 . The neural basis of belief encoding and integration in moral judgment . NeuroImage , 40 : 1912 – 1920 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , L. and Saxe , R. 2009a . An fMRI investigation of spontaneous mental state inference for moral judgment . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 21 ( 7 ) : 1396 – 1405 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , L. and Saxe , R. 2009b . Innocent intentions: A correlation between forgiveness for accidental harm and neural activity . Neuropsychologia , 47 ( 10 ) : 2065 – 2072 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , L. , Scholz , J. and Saxe , R. in press . Neural evidence for “intuitive prosecution”: The use of mental state information for negative moral verdicts . SocialNeuroscience ,
   Google Scholar