Cortical thickness and prosocial behavior in school-age children: A population-based MRI study

REFERENCES

• Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. A. (2000). Manual for the ASEBA preschool forms & profiles. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, & families.
   Google Scholar
• Baillargeon, R. H., Morisset, A., Keenan, K., Normand, C. L., Jeyaganth, S., Boivin, M., & Tremblay, R. E. (2011). The development of prosocial behaviors in young children: A prospective population-based cohort study. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 172(3), 221–251. doi:10.1080/00221325.2010.533719
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balconi, M., & Canavesio, Y. (2014). High-frequency rTMS on DLPFC increases prosocial attitude in case of decision to support people. Social Neuroscience, 9(1), 82–93. doi:10.1080/17470919.2014.977403
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boksem, M. A. S., Mehta, P. H., Van Den Bergh, B., Van Son, V., Trautmann, S. T., Roelofs, K., … Sanfey, A. G. (2013). Testosterone inhibits trust but promotes reciprocity. Psychological Science, 24(11), 2306–2314. doi:10.1177/0956797613495063
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks, B. L., Sherman, E. M. S., & Strauss, E. (2010). Test review: NEPSY-II: A developmental neuropsychological assessment. Child Neuropsychology, Second edition, 16(1), 80–101.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capitão, L., Sampaio, A., Férnandez, M., Sousa, N., Pinheiro, A., & Gonçalves, Ó. F. (2011). Williams syndrome hypersociability: A neuropsychological study of the amygdala and prefrontal cortex hypotheses. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(3), 1169–1179. doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2011.01.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caprara, G. V., Barbaranelli, C., Pastorelli, C., Bandura, A., & Zimbardo, P. G. (2000). Prosocial foundations of children’s academic achievement. Psychological Science, 11(4), 302–306. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00260
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlo, G., Crockett, L. J., Wolff, J. M., & Beal, S. J. (2012). The role of emotional reactivity, self-regulation, and puberty in adolescents’ prosocial behaviors. Social Development, 21(4), 645–867. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9507.2012.00660.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carrington, S. J., & Bailey, A. J. (2009). Are there theory of mind regions in the brain? A review of the neuroimaging literature. Human Brain Mapping, 30(8), 2313–2335. doi:10.1002/hbm.20671
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cunningham, R. L., Lumia, A. R., & McGinnis, M. Y. (2013). Androgenic anabolic steroid exposure during adolescence: Ramifications for brain development and behavior. Hormones and Behavior, 64(2), 350–356. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.12.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dale, A. M., Fischl, B., & Sereno, M. I. (1999). Cortical surface-based analysis. I. Segmentation and surface reconstruction. Neuroimage, 9(2), 179–194. doi:10.1006/nimg.1998.0395
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dennis, E. L., Thompson, P. M. (2013). Typical and atypical brain development: A review of neuroimaging studies. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 15(3), 359–384.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Denny, B. T., Kober, H., Wager, T. D., & Ochsner, K. N. (2012). A meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies of self and other judgments reveals a spatial gradient for mentalizing in medial prefrontal cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 24(8), 1742–1752. doi:10.1162/jocn_a_00233
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derogatis, L. R., & Melisaratos, N. (1983). The Brief Symptom Inventory: An introductory report. Psychological Medicine, 13(3), 595–605. doi:10.1017/S0033291700048017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desikan, R. S., Segonne, F., Fischl, B., Quinn, B. T., Dickerson, B. C., Blacker, D., … Killiany, R. J. (2006). An automated labeling system for subdividing the human cerebral cortex on MRI scans into gyral based regions of interest. Neuroimage, 31(3), 968–980. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.01.021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du, A.-T., Schuff, N., Kramer, J. H., Rosen, H. J., Gorno-Tempini, M. L., Rankin, K., … Weiner, M. W. (2007). Different regional patterns of cortical thinning in Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia. Brain: A Journal of Neurology, 130(4), 1159–1166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durston, S., Thomas, K. M., Yang, Y. H., Ulug, A. M., Zimmerman, R. D., & Casey, B. J. (2002). A neural basis for the development of inhibitory control. Developmental Science, 5(4), F9–F16. doi:10.1111/1467-7687.00235
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eggum, N. D., Eisenberg, N., Kao, K., Spinrad, T. L., Bolnick, R., Hofer, C., … Fabricius, W. V. (2011). Emotion understanding, theory of mind, and prosocial orientation: Relations over time in early childhood. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 6(1), 4–16. doi:10.1080/17439760.2010.536776
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., & Spinrad, T. L. (2007).Prosocial development. In W. Damon, R. M. Lerner, & N. Eisenberg (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• El Marroun, H., Schmidt, M. N., Franken, I. H., Jaddoe, V. W., Hofman, A., Van Der Lugt, A., … White, T. (2013). Prenatal tobacco exposure and brain morphology: A prospective study in young children. Neuropsychopharmacology, 39(4), 792–800.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fabes, R. A., Carlo, G., Kupanoff, K., & Laible, D. (1999). Early adolescence and prosocial/moral behavior I: The role of individual processes. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 19(1), 5–16. doi:10.1177/0272431699019001001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairchild, G., Hagan, C. C., Walsh, N. D., Passamonti, L., Calder, A. J., & Goodyer, I. M. (2013). Brain structure abnormalities in adolescent girls with conduct disorder. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54(1), 86–95. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02617.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischl, B., & Dale, A. M. (2000). Measuring the thickness of the human cerebral cortex from magnetic resonance images. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 97(20), 11050–11055. doi:10.1073/pnas.200033797
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischl, B., Sereno, M. I., & Dale, A. M. (1999). Cortical surface-based analysis. II: Inflation, flattening, and a surface-based coordinate system. Neuroimage, 9(2), 195–207. doi:10.1006/nimg.1998.0396
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischl, B., Sereno, M. I., Tootell, R. B. H., & Dale, A. M. (1999). High-resolution intersubject averaging and a coordinate system for the cortical surface. Human Brain Mapping, 8(4), 272–284. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1999)8:4<272::AID-HBM10>3.0.CO;2-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giedd, J. N., Blumenthal, J., Jeffries, N. O., Castellanos, F. X., Liu, H., Zijdenbos, A., … Rapoport, J. L. (1999). Brain development during childhood and adolescence: A longitudinal MRI study. Nature Neuroscience, 2(10), 861–863. doi:10.1038/13158
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gogtay, N., Giedd, J. N., Lusk, L., Hayashi, K. M., Greenstein, D., Vaituzis, A. C., … Thompson, P. M. (2004). Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101(21), 8174–8179. doi:10.1073/pnas.0402680101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomez, R. (2014). Correlated trait-correlated method minus one analysis of the convergent and discriminant validities of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Assessment, 21(3), 372–382. doi:10.1177/1073191112457588
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodman, R. (1997). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38(5), 581–586. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hastings, P. D., Zahn-Waxler, C., Robinson, J., Usher, B., & Bridges, D. (2000). The development of concern for others in children with behavior problems. Developmental Psychology, 36(5), 531–546. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.36.5.531
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawes, D. J., & Dadds, M. R. (2004). Australian data and psychometric properties of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 38(8), 644–651. doi:10.1080/j.1440-1614.2004.01427.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawley, P. H. (2003). Prosocial and coercive configurations of resource control in early adolescence: A case for the well-adapted Machiavellian. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly-Journal of Developmental Psychology, 49(3), 279–309. doi:10.1353/mpq.2003.0013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes, C., White, A., Sharpen, J., & Dunn, J. (2000). Antisocial, angry, and unsympathetic: “Hard-to-manage” preschoolers’ peer problems and possible cognitive influences. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 41(2), 169–179. doi:10.1017/S0021963099005193
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaddoe, V. W., Van Duijn, C. M., Franco, O. H., Van Der Heijden, A. J., Van IJzendoorn, M. H., De Jongste, J. C., … Hofman, A. (2012). The Generation R Study: Design and cohort update. European Journal of Epidemiology, 27(9), 739–756. doi:10.1007/s10654-012-9735-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juuhl-Langseth, M., Rimol, L. M., Rasmussen, I. A., Thormodsen, R., Holmen, A., Emblem, K. E., … Agartz, I. (2012). Comprehensive segmentation of subcortical brain volumes in early onset schizophrenia reveals limited structural abnormalities. Psychiatry Research-Neuroimaging, 203(1), 14–23. doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2011.10.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuss, K., Falk, A., Trautner, P., Elger, C. E., Weber, B., & Fliessbach, K. (2013). A reward prediction error for charitable donations reveals outcome orientation of donators. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 8(2), 216–223. doi:10.1093/scan/nsr088
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Layous, K., Nelson, S. K., Oberle, E., Schonert-Reichl, K. A., Lyubomirsky, S., & Krueger, F. (2012). Kindness counts: Prompting prosocial behavior in preadolescents boosts peer acceptance and well-being. PLoS One, 7, 12. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051380
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maguire, E. A., Gadian, D. G., Johnsrude, I. S., Good, C. D., Ashburner, J., Frackowiak, R. S. J., & Frith, C. D. (2000). Navigation-related structural change in the hippocampi of taxi drivers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 97(8), 4398–4403. doi:10.1073/pnas.070039597
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masten, C. L., Eisenberger, N. I., Pfeifer, J. H., & Dapretto, M. (2010). Witnessing peer rejection during early adolescence: Neural correlates of empathy for experiences of social exclusion. Social Neuroscience, 5(5–6), 496–507. doi:10.1080/17470919.2010.490673
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masten, C. L., Morelli, S. A., & Eisenberger, N. I. (2011). An fMRI investigation of empathy for ‘social pain’ and subsequent prosocial behavior. Neuroimage, 55(1), 381–388. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.11.060
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathur, V. A., Harada, T., Lipke, T., & Chiao, J. Y. (2010). Neural basis of extraordinary empathy and altruistic motivation. Neuroimage, 51(4), 1468–1475. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.03.025
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mimura, M., Hoeft, F., Kato, M., Kobayashi, N., Sheau, K., Piggot, J., … Reiss, A. L. (2010). A preliminary study of orbitofrontal activation and hypersociability in Williams Syndrome. Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 2(2), 93–98. doi:10.1007/s11689-009-9041-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moll, J., Krueger, F., Zahn, R., Pardini, M., De Oliveira-Souzat, R., & Grafman, J. (2006). Human fronto-mesolimbic networks guide decisions about charitable donation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 103(42), 15623–15628. doi:10.1073/pnas.0604475103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore, C., Barresi, J., & Thompson, C. (1998). The cognitive basis of future-oriented prosocial behavior. Social Development, 7(2), 198–218. doi:10.1111/1467-9507.00062
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutlu, A. K., Schneider, M., Debbané, M., Badoud, D., Eliez, S., & Schaer, M. (2013). Sex differences in thickness, and folding developments throughout the cortex. Neuroimage, 82, 200–207. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.076
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oldfield, R. C. (1971). The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia, 9(1), 97–113. doi:10.1016/0028-3932(71)90067-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paap, M. C., Haraldsen, I. R., Breivik, K., Butcher, P. R., Hellem, F. M., & Stormark, K. M. (2013). The link between peer relations, prosocial behavior, and ODD/ADHD symptoms in 7–9-year-old children. Psychiatry Journal, (2013), 319874.
   Google Scholar
• Paulus, M., Kühn-Popp, N., Licata, M., Sodian, B., & Meinhardt, J. (2013, February). Neural correlates of prosocial behavior in infancy: Different neurophysiological mechanisms support the emergence of helping and comforting. NeuroImage, 66, 522–530. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.10.041
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rameson, L. T., Morelli, S. A., & Lieberman, M. D. (2012). The neural correlates of empathy: Experience, automaticity, and prosocial behavior. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 24(1), 235–245. doi:10.1162/jocn_a_00130
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raznahan, A., Lee, Y., Stidd, R., Long, R., Greenstein, D., Clasen, L., … Gied, J. N. (2010). Longitudinally mapping the influence of sex and androgen signaling on the dynamics of human cortical maturation in adolescence. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107(39), 16988–16993. doi:10.1073/pnas.1006025107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Renouf, A., Brendgen, M., Parent, S., Vitaro, F., Zelazo, P. D., & Boivin, M. (2010). Relations between theory of mind and indirect and physical aggression in kindergarten: Evidence of the moderating role of prosocial behaviors. Social Development, 19(4), 535.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogers, C. E., Anderson, P. J., Thompson, D. K., Kidokoro, H., Wallendorf, M., Treyvaud, K., … Inder, T. E. (2012). Regional cerebral development at term relates to school-age social-emotional development in very preterm children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 51(2), 181–191. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2011.11.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt, M. F. H., & Sommerville, J. A. (2011). Fairness expectations and altruistic sharing in 15-month-old human infants. PLoS One, 6, 10. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023223
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shlafer, R. J., McMorris, B., & Sieving, R. (2012). The impact of family and peer protective factors on girls’ violence perpetration and victimization. Journal of Adolescent Health, 50(2), S2–S3. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.10.024
   Google Scholar
• Singer, T. (2006). The neuronal basis and ontogeny of empathy and mind reading: Review of literature and implications for future research. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 30(6), 855–863.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone, L. L., Otten, R., Engels, R. C. M. E., Vermulst, A. A., & Janssens, J. M. A. M. (2010). Psychometric properties of the parent and teacher versions of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire for 4-to 12-year-olds: A review. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 13(3), 254–274. doi:10.1007/s10567-010-0071-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strenziok, M., Krueger, F., Heinecke, A., Lenroot, R. K., Knutson, K. M., Van Der Meer, E., & Grafman, J. (2011). Developmental effects of aggressive behavior in male adolescents assessed with structural and functional brain imaging. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 6(1), 2–11. doi:10.1093/scan/nsp036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using Multivariate Statistics. New Jersey, NJ: Pearson Education.
   Google Scholar
• Tellegen, P. J., Winkel, M., Wijnberg-Williams, B., & Laros, J. A. (2005). Snijders-Oomen Niet-Verbale Intelligentietest: SON-R 2½-7. Amsterdam: Boom Testuitgevers.
   Google Scholar
• Telzer, E. H., Masten, C. L., Berkman, E. T., Lieberman, M. D., & Fuligni, A. J. (2011). Neural regions associated with self control and mentalizing are recruited during prosocial behaviors towards the family. Neuroimage, 58(1), 242–249. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.06.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Theunissen, M. H. C., Vogels, A. G. C., De Wolff, M. S., & Reijneveld, S. A. (2013). Characteristics of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in Preschool Children. Pediatrics, 131(2), E446–E454. doi:10.1542/peds.2012-0089
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiemeier, H., Velders, F. P., Szekely, E., Roza, S. J., Dieleman, G., Jaddoe, V. W., … Verhulst, F. C. (2012). The Generation R Study: A review of design, findings to date, and a study of the 5-HTTLPR by environmental interaction from fetal life onward. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 51(11), 1119–1135. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2012.08.021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tremblay, P., Dick, A. S., & Small, S. L. (2013). Functional and structural aging of the speech sensorimotor neural system: Functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence. Neurobiology of Aging, 34(8), 1935–1951. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.02.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van IJzendoorn, M. H., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., Pannebakker, F., & Out, D. (2010). In defence of situational morality: Genetic, dispositional and situational determinants of children’s donating to charity. Journal of Moral Education, 39(1), 1–20. doi:10.1080/03057240903528535
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veenstra, R., Lindenberg, S., Oldehinkel, A. J., De Winter, A. F., Verhulst, F. C., & Ormel, J. (2008). Prosocial and antisocial behavior in preadolescence: Teachers’ and parents’ perceptions of the behavior of girls and boys. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 32(3), 243–251. doi:10.1177/0165025408089274
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walhovd, K. B., Tamnes, C. K., Østby, Y., Due-Tønnessen, P., & Fjell, A. M. (2012). Normal variation in behavioral adjustment relates to regional differences in cortical thickness in children. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 21, 133–140. doi:10.1007/s00787-012-0241-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waytz, A., Zaki, J., & Mitchell, J. P. (2012). Response of dorsomedial prefrontal cortex predicts altruistic behavior. Journal of Neuroscience, 32(22), 7646–7650. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6193-11.2012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White, T., El Marroun, H., Nijs, I., Schmidt, M., Van Der Lugt, A., Wielopolki, P. A., … Verhulst, F. C. (2013). Pediatric population-based neuroimaging and the Generation R Study: The intersection of developmental neuroscience and epidemiology. European Journal of Epidemiology, 28(1), 99–111. doi:10.1007/s10654-013-9768-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar