Examining brain structures associated with the motive to achieve success and the motive to avoid failure: A voxel-based morphometry study

REFERENCES

• Adolphs, R. (2003). Investigating the cognitive neuroscience of social behavior. Neuropsychologia, 41(2), 119–126. doi:10.1016/S0028-3932(02)00142-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amodio, D. M., & Frith, C. D. (2006). Meeting of minds: The medial frontal cortex and social cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 7(4), 268–277. doi:10.1038/Nrn1884
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashburner, J. (2007). A fast diffeomorphic image registration algorithm. Neuroimage, 38(1), 95–113. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.07.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashburner, J., & Friston, K. J. (2000). Voxel-based morphometry—The methods. Neuroimage, 11(6), 805–821. doi:10.1006/nimg.2000.0582
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bechara, A., Damasio, H., Tranel, D., & Anderson, S. W. (1998). Dissociation of working memory from decision making within the human prefrontal cortex. Journal of Neuroscience, 18(1), 428–437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bishop, S. J. (2007). Neurocognitive mechanisms of anxiety: An integrative account. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11(7), 307–316. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2007.05.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blankstein, U., Chen, J. Y., Mincic, A. M., McGrath, P. A., & Davis, K. D. (2009). The complex minds of teenagers: Neuroanatomy of personality differs between sexes. Neuropsychologia, 47(2), 599–603. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.10.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Callan, D. E., & Schweighofer, N. (2008). Positive and negative modulation of word learning by reward anticipation. Human Brain Mapping, 29(2), 237–249. doi:10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0193
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crowne, D. P., & Marlowe, D. (1960). A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 24(4), 349–354. doi:10.1037/h0047358
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cummings, J. L. (1993). Frontal-subcortical circuits and human behavior. Archives of Neurology, 50(8), 873–880. doi:10.1001/archneur.1993.00540080076020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damasio, H., Grabowski, T., Frank, R., Galaburda, A. M., & Damasio, A. R. (1994). The return of Phineas Gage: Clues about the brain from the skull of a famous patient. Science, 264(5162), 1102–1105. doi:10.1126/science.8178168
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Araujo, I. E., Kringelbach, M. L., Rolls, E. T., & McGlone, F. (2003). Human cortical responses to water in the mouth, and the effects of thirst. Journal of Neurophysiology, 90(3), 1865–1876. doi:10.1152/jn.00297.2003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Araujo, I. E., Rolls, E. T., Kringelbach, M. L., McGlone, F., & Phillips, N. (2003). Taste‐olfactory convergence, and the representation of the pleasantness of flavour, in the human brain. European Journal of Neuroscience, 18(7), 2059–2068. doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02915.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Araujo, I. E. T., Kringelbach, M. L., Rolls, E. T., & Hobden, P. (2003). Representation of umami taste in the human brain. Journal of Neurophysiology, 90(1), 313–319. doi:10.1152/jn.00669.2002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M., & Williams, G. C. (1996). Need satisfaction and the self-regulation of learning. Learning and Individual Differences, 8(3), 165–183. doi:10.1016/S1041-6080(96)90013-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickson, J. M., & MacLeod, A. K. (2004). Approach and avoidance goals and plans: Their relationship to anxiety and depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 28(3), 415–432. doi:10.1023/B:COTR.0000031809.20488.ee
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elias, H., Noordin, N., & Mahyuddin, R. H. (2010). Achievement motivation and self-efficacy in relation to adjustment among university students. Journal of Social Sciences, 6(3), 333–339. doi:10.3844/jssp.2010.333.339
   Google Scholar
• Elliot, A. J. (1999). Approach and avoidance motivation and achievement goals. Educational Psychologist, 34(3), 169–189. doi:10.1207/s15326985ep3403_3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elliot, A. J., & Harackiewicz, J. M. (1994). Goal setting, achievement orientation, and intrinsic motivation: A mediational analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(5), 968–980. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.66.5.968
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eslinger, P. J., & Damasio, A. R. (1985). Severe disturbance of higher cognition after bilateral frontal lobe ablation: Patient EVR. Neurology, 35(12), 1731–1741. doi:10.1212/WNL.35.12.1731
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giuliani, N. R., Drabant, E. M., Bhatnagar, R., & Gross, J. J. (2011). Emotion regulation and brain plasticity: Expressive suppression use predicts anterior insula volume. Neuroimage, 58(1), 10–15. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.06.028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottfried, J. A., & Dolan, R. J. (2003). The nose smells what the eye sees: Crossmodal visual facilitation of human olfactory perception. Neuron, 39(2), 375–386. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00392-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray, J. A., & McNaughton, N. (2000). The neuropsychology of anxiety: An enquiry into the function of the septo-hippocampal system (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Halisch, F., & Heckhausen, H. (1989). Motive-dependent versus ability-dependent valence functions for success and failure. In F. Halisch & J. H. L. van den Bercken (Eds.), International perspectives on achievement and task motivation (pp. 51–67). Lisse: Swets & Zeitlinger.
   Google Scholar
• Hayasaka, S., Phan, K. L., Liberzon, I., Worsley, K. J., & Nichols, T. E. (2004). Nonstationary cluster-size inference with random field and permutation methods. Neuroimage, 22(2), 676–687. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.01.041
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson, J. M., Zhu, D. C., & Larson, C. L. (2011). Functions of parahippocampal place area and retrosplenial cortex in real-world scene analysis: An fMRI study. Visual Cognition, 19(7), 910–927. doi:10.1080/13506285.2011.596852
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, X. C., Erb, M., Ackermann, H., Martin, J. A., Grodd, W., & Reiterer, S. M. (2011). Voxel-based morphometry studies of personality: Issue of statistical model specification-effect of nuisance covariates. Neuroimage, 54(3), 1994–2005. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.10.024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson, D. N. (1974). Personality research form manual. London: Research Psychologists Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kanai, R., & Rees, G. (2011). The structural basis of inter-individual differences in human behaviour and cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 12(4), 231–242. doi:10.1038/nrn3000
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knutson, B., Taylor, J., Kaufman, M., Peterson, R., & Glover, G. (2005). Distributed neural representation of expected value. Journal of Neuroscience, 25(19), 4806–4812. doi:10.1523/Jneurosci.0642-05.2005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kringelbach, M. L. (2005). The human orbitofrontal cortex: Linking reward to hedonic experience. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 6(9), 691–702. doi:10.1038/Nrn1747
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kringelbach, M. L., O’Doherty, J., Rolls, E. T., & Andrews, C. (2003). Activation of the human orbitofrontal cortex to a liquid food stimulus is correlated with its subjective pleasantness. Cerebral Cortex, 13(10), 1064–1071. doi:10.1093/cercor/13.10.1064
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kringelbach, M. L., & Rolls, E. T. (2004). The functional neuroanatomy of the human orbitofrontal cortex: Evidence from neuroimaging and neuropsychology. Progress in Neurobiology, 72(5), 341–372. doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2004.03.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, W., & Reeve, J. (2013). Self-determined, but not non-self-determined, motivation predicts activations in the anterior insular cortex: An fMRI study of personal agency. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 8(5), 538–545. doi:10.1093/scan/nss029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, W., Reeve, J., Xue, Y. Q., & Xiong, J. H. (2012). Neural differences between intrinsic reasons for doing versus extrinsic reasons for doing: An fMRI study. Neuroscience Research, 73(1), 68–72. doi:10.1016/j.neures.2012.02.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linnenbrink, E. A., & Pintrich, P. R. (2002). Motivation as an enabler for academic success. School Psychology Review, 31(3), 313–327.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowell, E. L. (1952). The effect of need for achievement on learning and speed of performance. The Journal of Psychology, 33(1), 31–40. doi:10.1080/00223980.1952.9712815
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McClelland, D. C. (1967). Achieving society. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.
   Google Scholar
• McClelland, D. C. (1988). Human motivation. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• McClelland, D. C., & Boyatzis, R. E. (1982). Leadership motive pattern and long-term success in management. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67(6), 737–743. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.67.6.737
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McClelland, D. C., & Burnham, D. H. (2003). Power is the great motivator. Harvard Business Review, 81(1), 117–126.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNaughton, N., & Corr, P. J. (2004). A two-dimensional neuropsychology of defense: Fear/anxiety and defensive distance. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 28, 285–305. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2004.03.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehrabian, A. (1994). Individual differences in achieving tendency: Review of evidence bearing on a questionnaire measure. Current Psychology, 13(4), 351–364. doi:10.1007/BF02686892
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehrabian, A., & Bank, L. (1978). A questionnaire measure of individual differences in achieving tendency. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 38, 475–478. doi:10.1177/001316447803800234
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehrabian, A., & Blum, J. S. (1996). Temperament and personality as functions of age. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 42(4), 251–269. doi:10.2190/1qcy-Vett-Jjay-3ey1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mizuno, K., Tanaka, M., Ishii, A., Tanabe, H. C., Onoe, H., Sadato, N., & Watanabe, Y. (2008). The neural basis of academic achievement motivation. Neuroimage, 42(1), 369–378. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.04.253
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mühlau, M., Rauschecker, J. P., Oestreicher, E., Gaser, C., Röttinger, M., Wohlschläger, A. M., … Sander, D. (2006). Structural brain changes in tinnitus. Cerebral Cortex, 16, 1283–1288.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mullally, S. L., & Maguire, E. A. (2011). A new role for the parahippocampal cortex in representing space. Journal of Neuroscience, 31(20), 7441–7449. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0267-11.2011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray, H. A. (1938). Explorations in personality: A clinical and experimental study of fifty men of college age (Vol. 2609). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nestor, P. G., Nakamura, M., Niznikiewicz, M., Thompson, E., Levitt, J. J., Choate, V., … McCarley, R. W. (2013). In search of the functional neuroanatomy of sociality: MRI subdivisions of orbital frontal cortex and social cognition. Social Cognitive & Affective Neuroscience, 8(4), 460–467. doi:10.1093/scan/nss018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nichols, T., & Hayasaka, S. (2003). Controlling the familywise error rate in functional neuroimaging: A comparative review. Statistical Methods in Medical Research, 12(5), 419–446. doi:10.1191/0962280203sm341ra
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Connor, P., Atkinson, J. W., & Horner, M. (1966). Motivational implications of ability grouping in schools. In N. T. Feather (Ed.), A theory of achievement motivation. New York, NY: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• O’Doherty, J., Kringelbach, M. L., Rolls, E. T., Hornak, J., & Andrews, C. (2001). Abstract reward and punishment representations in the human orbitofrontal cortex. Nature Neuroscience, 4(1), 95–102. doi:10.1038/82959
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Doherty, J. P., & Dolan, R. J. (2006). The role of human orbitofrontal cortex in reward prediction and behavior choice: Insights from neuroimaging. In D. H. Zald & S. L. Rauch (Eds.), The Orbitofrontal Cortex (pp. 265–284). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pang, J. S., Villacorta, M. A., Chin, Y. S., & Morrison, F. J. (2009). Achievement motivation in the social context: Implicit and explicit hope of success and fear of failure predict memory for and liking of successful and unsuccessful peers. Journal of Research in Personality, 43(6), 1040–1052. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2009.08.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, S., & Chun, M. M. (2009). Different roles of the parahippocampal place area (PPA) and retrosplenial cortex (RSC) in panoramic scene perception. Neuroimage, 47(4), 1747–1756. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.04.058
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rudebeck, P. H., Saunders, R. C., Prescott, A. T., Chau, L. S., & Murray, E. A. (2013). Prefrontal mechanisms of behavioral flexibility, emotion regulation and value updating. Nature Neuroscience, 16(8), 1140–1145. doi:10.1038/nn.3440
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shallice, T. I. M., & Burgess, P. W. (1991). Deficits in strategy application following frontal lobe damage in man. Brain, 114(2), 727–741. doi:10.1093/brain/114.2.727
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sowell, E. R., Peterson, B. S., Thompson, P. M., Welcome, S. E., Henkenius, A. L., & Toga, A. W. (2003). Mapping cortical change across the human life span. Nature Neuroscience, 6(3), 309–315. doi:10.1038/nn1008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takeuchi, H., Taki, Y., Nouchi, R., Sekiguchi, A., Kotozaki, Y., Miyauchi, C. M., … Kawashima, R. (2014). Regional gray matter density is associated with achievement motivation: Evidence from voxel-based morphometry. Brain Structure and Function, 219(1), 71–83. doi:10.1007/s00429-012-0485-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takeuchi, H., Taki, Y., Sassa, Y., Hashizume, H., Sekiguchi, A., Fukushima, A., & Kawashima, R. (2013). Brain structures associated with executive functions during everyday events in a non-clinical sample. Brain Structure and Function, 218(4), 1017–1032.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tekin, S., & Cummings, J. L. (2002). Frontal-subcortical neuronal circuits and clinical neuropsychiatry: An update. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 53(2), 647–654. doi:10.1016/S0022-3999(02)00428-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Medical Association. (1991). Declaration of Helsinki. Law, Medicine & Health Care: A Publication of the American Society of Law & Medicine, 19(3–4), 264.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Worsley, K. J., Andermann, M., Koulis, T., MacDonald, D., & Evans, A. C. (1999). Detecting changes in nonisotropic images. Human Brain Mapping, 8(2–3), 98–101. doi:10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0193
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, X., Aron, A., Brown, L., Cao, G., Feng, T., & Weng, X. (2011). Reward and motivation systems: A brain mapping study of early‐stage intense romantic love in Chinese participants. Human Brain Mapping, 32(2), 249–257. doi:10.1002/hbm.21017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar